Tani Gorre Cantil-Sakauye (néeCantil; born October 19, 1959) is an American lawyer and jurist who was the 28th Chief Justice of California and is the president/CEO of the Public Policy Institute of California. She was nominated by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger to serve as chief justice on July 22, 2010, and retained in office by California voters on November 2, 2010, she was sworn in on January 3, 2011 as California's first Filipino and first woman of color to serve as California's Chief Justice.[2] Prior to her appointment as chief justice, Cantil-Sakauye had served in judicial offices on California's appellate and trial courts. On July 27, 2022, she announced she would retire and not run for another 12 year term on the court in November and stepped down on January 1, 2023, leaving Governor Newsom to appoint her replacement.[3] On September 28, 2022, the Public Policy Institute of California announced that Cantil-Sakauye would become its president and chief executive officer, effective January 1, 2023.[4] On September 21, 2023, the Judicial Council of California voted unanimously to name the new Sacramento County courthouse after former Chief Justice Tani Cantil-Sakauye.
Upon graduation from law school in 1984, Cantil was unable to find a job in law, so she became a blackjackdealer in Reno, Nevada.[16] At the time, the Sacramento CountyPublic Defender's Office had refused to hire her because of her young age.[16] Later that same year, Deputy District Attorney Russell Hom (a future Sacramento County Superior Court Judge) recruited Cantil to come to the Sacramento County District Attorney's Office.[16]
In 1988, Cantil left the District Attorney's office to become a Deputy Legal Affairs Secretary to Governor George Deukmejian.[17] The next year, Deukmejian appointed Cantil as a Deputy Legislative Secretary.[17]
Judicial career
Cantil-Sakauye speaking at the swearing-in of Justice Goodwin Liu.
On July 21, 2010, Schwarzenegger nominated Cantil-Sakauye, at the time a Republican, to succeed retiring Chief JusticeRonald M. George on the California Supreme Court.[17][18][19] On August 25, 2010, the three-member California Commission on Judicial Appointments unanimously approved her nomination as the next chief justice of California.[20][21] In the November 2010 general elections, voters retained her for a 12-year term as chief justice.[22][23]
During her time on the appellate court, Cantil-Sakauye has served as: a member of the Judicial Council, where she was vice chair of the Rules and Projects Committee; chair of the Advisory Committee on Financial Accountability and Efficiency for the Judicial Branch; co-chair of the Judicial Recruitment and Retention Working Group; and a member of the California Commission on Impartial Courts. She has served as President of the Anthony M. Kennedy American Inns of Court, an organization promoting civility, ethics, and professionalism in the practice of law. Beginning in 2007, she also served as a Special Master, selected by the Supreme Court to hear disciplinary proceedings before the Commission on Judicial Performance.[24]
As Chief Justice, Cantil-Sakauye has pursued a number of policy initiatives. These include bail reform and decriminalizing minor traffic offenses, improved funding for courts and the bar, and civil discourse education for students. Finally, she has argued why she feels it is important that U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement not make arrests at state courthouses.[25]
On July 27, 2022, Cantil-Sakauye announced she will retire at the end of her term on January 1, 2023.[26]
Bail reform
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In 2016, Cantil-Sakauye led the effort at bail reform and to reclassify minor traffic infractions as civil instead of criminal to promote fairness of the law.[27] In March 2016, she outlined the scope of her initiative in a speech.[28] In January 2017, she reiterated her concern of the impact of bail on those who cannot afford to pay.[29][30] In June 2017, a reform bill progressed in the California State Assembly.[31] However, in July 2017 critics expressed concern that the current bail system best serves the goal of ensuring court attendance.[32] In August 2017, a settlement in Solano County, California, promised a degree of reform.[33] Also in August 2017, the State Legislature declined to address in the current session the broader reform sought by the chief justice.[34]
On August 28, 2018, Governor Brown signed into law a "no cash" bail bill, SB10.[35] The bail reform act reflected advice from the Chief Justice's bail reduction task force.[36][37] Bail bond business owners critical of the new law contend the state will struggle to replace their services.[38]
Court and bar funding
In 2017, Cantil-Sakauye advocated for additional court funding.[39] In July 2017, she explained that a history of inadequate funding has compromised services to the public, and in San Francisco has led to cuts at the courthouse.[40] However, the Legislature has so far failed to provide the sought after increase in funding for the courts.[41]
In September 2016, Cantil-Sakauye addressed the related matter of funding for the State Bar of California.[42][43] In October and November 2016, a legislative stalemate led to a compromise budget for the Bar.[44][45]
Civil discourse education
In 2012, Cantil-Sakauye launched an initiative, called "Power of Democracy,"[46] to support civil discourse education for students,[47][48] and to emphasize the importance of jury trials as a matter of civics.[49]
Immigration agents at courthouses
In March 2017, Cantil-Sakauye cautioned about the unintended consequences of arrests of undocumented immigrants by federal agents at California state courthouses.[50][51][52] She has stated her concern that victims of crime will avoid the police and testifying in trials if they fear arrest at the courthouse.[53][54] This would undermine the law enforcement goal of protecting communities, a view echoed by other judges and prosecutors.[55][56] In August 2018, she made a further statement opposing a recent set of arrests by ICE at state courthouses.[57]
UC Berkeley enrollment freeze
In 2022, Canti-Sakauye upheld a lower-court order that forced UC Berkeley to cut its enrollment numbers after a group of Berkeley residents sued the university. The Berkeley residents claimed that UC Berkeley was violating the California Environmental Quality Act by expanding its enrollment numbers.[58]
In December 2018, Cantil-Sakauye left the Republican Party and registered as a No Party Preference voter. She cited the confirmation of JusticeBrett Kavanaugh and an increasing discomfort with the direction of the GOP as reasons.[62]
^"Women's Tennis Team Loses Match". The Express (Sacramento City College student newspaper). California Digital Newspaper Collection. 5 May 1977. p. 11. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
^Graebe, Ellen (21 April 1977). "Speech Team Rated First in Standings". The Express (Sacramento City College student newspaper). California Digital Newspaper Collection. p. 16. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
^"Nine Get Speech Prizes in National Contest". The Express (Sacramento City College student newspaper). California Digital Newspaper Collection. 8 December 1977. p. 10. Retrieved September 20, 2017. In the Northridge competition Nov. 18 and 19, Cantil won the championship in open communication analysis
^Sheley, Tom (20 April 1978). "Speech team ranks fourth in national championships". The Express (Sacramento City College student newspaper). California Digital Newspaper Collection. p. 1. Retrieved September 20, 2017. Other Los Rios speech team members winning awards included:...Tani Cantil, a third in rhetorical analysis
^Editorial Board (January 12, 2017). "A traffic infraction shouldn't lead to the poorhouse". Sacramento Bee. Retrieved September 20, 2017. California Supreme Court Chief Justice Tani Cantil-Sakauye has been advocating an overhaul of the system of traffic penalties and the related bail system, which also falls heaviest on poor people.
^Ulloa, Jazmine (August 22, 2018). "California Senate sends landmark bail reform bill to Gov. Jerry Brown". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 22, 2018. the bill...had taken into consideration...recommendations from a judicial task force assembled by state Supreme Court Chief Justice Tani Cantil-Sakauye.
^Egelko, Bob (July 4, 2017). "Budget cuts force SF courts to trim some services". San Francisco Gate. Retrieved September 20, 2017. the contention of California Chief Justice Tani Cantil-Sakauye that trial courts badly needed more funding after years of cuts.
^"Civic Learning Initiative: Power of Democracy". California State Courts. Retrieved September 21, 2017. Chief Justice Tani G. Cantil-Sakauye is committed to a broad and far-reaching effort to improve civic learning and engagement in California. This initiative, known as the Power of Democracy campaign, is supported by statewide partners who help revitalize democracy and promote access to justice in California.
^Maio, Pat (April 23, 2015). "Top judicial official touts school". San Diege Union-Tribune. Retrieved September 20, 2017. 'Excellence' award, considered the highest honor in a program launched three years ago by the chief justice to improve civic awareness among public school students.
^Kalb, Loretta (September 20, 2016). "Interim UCD chancellor seeks to inspire more civil discourse". Sacramento Bee. Retrieved September 20, 2017. a keynote address by state Supreme Court Chief Justice Tani Cantil-Sakauye about the need for a higher level of civil discourse and response to conflict.
