Malaysian workers Zabrina Fernandez and Joe Jer Tee were the winners of this season becoming the first all-female team to win in the history of the Amazing Race franchise and were also the first winners to win only the final leg, while Hong Kong dating expats Sandy Sydney and Francesca Von Etzdorf finished in second place and Malaysian dating couple Andrew Tan and Syeon Park finished in third place.
In October 2005, Buena Vista International Television-Asia Pacific and Sony Pictures Television International's AXN Asia announced that it had earned the right to produce the first localized production of The Amazing Race.[2] AXN Asia, which airs the original American series, had received many written requests for an Asian production from local viewers.
The season visited two continents and eight countries over a distance of more than 39,000 kilometres (24,000 miles), including the first time visit for an Amazing Race franchise to Indonesia, which had not been visited in the original version at the time of air (the nation would later be visited in the 19th season, in 2011).
Marketing
The first season of the show was supported by the following regional sponsors: Sony Electronics Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd, AirAsia, Caltex, MSN, Nokia, and Bintan Lagoon Resort.[3]Ford was a local sponsor, while the series was also supported by Tourism Malaysia. The sponsors played a major role in the series by providing prizes and integrating their products into various tasks. In addition, AirAsia was the sole airline used by racers, while Bintan Lagoon Resort was the sequester location for eliminated teams.[4]
In July 2006, Singaporean television personality Allan Wu was introduced as the host of The Amazing Race Asia. Ricky Ow, General Manager of SPE Networks Asia described Wu as "a big fan of The Amazing Race" and felt that "his good looks and natural charisma will offer a different appeal from the US version."[3]
Over 1000 teams across Asia applied for the series, with registration accepted through 31 March 2006.[5] Ultimately, ten teams were selected to participate in the race; the cast included expatriates in Thailand and Hong Kong and Indian models.[6] Host Allan Wu commented that "the producers definitely took the time and did their homework to select the most diverse, entertaining, and controversial batch of contestants for our first season."
Broadcasting
An additional episode, subtitled "Memories" was a post-show interview special that aired one week after the season finale.[7]
This season consists of five non-Asians; Andy, Francesca, Howard and Laura are from the United Kingdom, having separate representatives in Asian countries (as Andy & Laura representing Thailand), and Sandy is from New Zealand, is representing Hong Kong.
The following teams participated in the season, with their relationships at the time of filming. Placements are listed in finishing order:
A red placement with a dagger (†) indicates that the team was eliminated.
An underlined blue placement with a double-dagger (‡) indicates that the team was the last to arrive at a Pit Stop in a non-elimination leg, and were forced to relinquish all of their money, were not allotted money for the next leg, and were not allowed to acquire money until they started the next leg.
An italicized placement means it is a team's placement at the midpoint of a double leg.
A green ƒ indicates that the team won a Fast Forward.
A brown > indicates that the team chose to use the Yield; brown < indicates the team who received it.
^Five of the nine teams received 4-hour penalties at the Pit Stop for failing to complete the Roadblock (Joe Jer, Marsio, Andy, Syeon, and Aubrey). The initial order of arrival for all teams are as follows (the four italicized teams did not receive a penalty): 1st: Zabrina & Joe Jer; 2nd: Howard & Sahran; 3rd: Sandy & Francesca; 4th: Mardy & Marsio; 5th: Andy & Laura; 6th: Andrew & Syeon; 7th: Melody & Sharon; 8th: Sahil & Prashant; 9th: Aubrey & Jacqueline. Aubrey & Jacqueline were eliminated without the 4-hour penalty being issued, since they were already in last place.
^Leg 9 was a double leg, which had two Detours and two Roadblocks shown over two episodes. The placements listed for the first half is in order of teams' arrival at the Pit Stop in Kolkata.
^ abSandy & Francesca used the Yield against Andy & Laura
^Andrew & Syeon initially arrived 1st, but they did not follow the trail as instructed in their clue to the Pit Stop, and were asked to complete it before checking in. Four teams checked in while they went back, dropping Andrew & Syeon to 5th.
^ abThis team won the Fast Forward in this particular leg.
^Laura suffered an injury to her left leg on the way to Oceanworld. After the tests were done, she was allowed to continue the next leg.
^Andy & Laura were caught speeding at 146 km/h while the speed limit was 100 km/h. The penalty was 2 minutes times the number of km/h by which they had exceeded the speed limit. They were issued a 92-minute penalty that was assessed at the start of the following leg, therefore departing from the Pit Start last.
^ abFor unknown reasons on the subsequent leg, the starting placements of Howard & Sahran and Sahil & Prashant were switched, resulting in Howard & Sahran and Sahil & Prashant starting in 8th and 9th place, respectively.
^Howard & Sahran were issued a 4-hour penalty because Howard failed to complete the Roadblock. They checked into the Pit Stop last, but were notified that the leg was a non-elimination Leg. The 4-hour penalty they took from the Roadblock would be instead applied at the starting time at Leg 5.
^Sahil & Prashant initially arrived 5th, but were issued a 1-hour penalty because they were driven around in a private vehicle in Devonport, breaking an Amazing Race rule prohibiting hitch-hiking. The last three teams trailing them (Sandy & Francesca, Mardy & Marsio and Melody & Sharon) checked-in during their penalty time, dropping Sahil & Prashant to last place and resulting in their elimination.
Race summary
Complete route map Note: the green dot represents both the starting city and the transfer point of the final leg.
Destinations
Air travel Rail travel Water travel Bus travel Helicopter travel Bicycle travel Gondola travel
Teams set off from Independence Square in Kuala Lumpur to retrieve their next clue, directed them to Berjaya Times Square where teams had to rappel down from the eight level of the shopping mall to grab their next clue down from the ground, instructed to drive themselves to Kompleks Kraf.
This series' first Detour was a choice between Paint or Pot. In Paint, team members had to work together to make a batik painting based on the design shown to them to receive their next clue. In Pot, one team member had to make a pot from clay using a pottery wheel while the other member controlled the wheel's spin to receive their next clue.
After the Detour, teams had to drive to Shah Alam Stadium and each team member had to complete four consecutive laps around the circuit in go-karts before receiving their next clue.
Before heading to the Pit Stop, teams were instructed to follow a certain trail in the Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve to the top of the Kuala Lumpur Tower.
At the start of the leg, teams were instructed to drive to the airport’s low cost carrier terminal and to catch on a pre-arranged AirAsia flight to Jakarta, Indonesia. Once there, they had to travel to Ragunan Zoo for their next clue.
In this series' first Roadblock, one team member had to retrieve a clue in a box located inside a snake pit containing dangerous species second to anaconda in size, within two minutes.
In this series' first Fast Forward, teams had to search among 50 students at the courtyard inside SMA Negeri 60 High School with SonyWalkmanMP3 players. The first team to find the one Walkman playing a message that they have chosen correctly could exchange the Walkman for the Fast Forward award. Sahil & Prashant won the Fast Forward.
Teams who did not attempt the Fast Forward had to travel to Taman Mini Indonesia Indah and had to find West Sumatra Pavilion. Once there, they had to perform a native Minangkabau plate dance called Tari Piring to follow the moves correctly until they would receive their next clue.
This leg's Detour was a choice between Push or Sell. Both Detours required teams to travel to Pasar Kaget Melawai and searched for the marked bakso vendors. In Push, teams had to push a bakso cart 500 metres (0.31 mi) along a marked route, without spilling any soy sauce, while singing a traditional child song, "Abang Tukang Bakso" to receive their next clue. In Sell, teams had to sell (or eat) 15 bowls of bakso, each with a minimum selling price of Rp 2,000, to receive their next clue.
After completing the Detour, teams must travel to MONAS (National Monument) and had to find IRTI car park entrance for the pit stop.
Leg 3 (Indonesia)
While in Bali, Indonesia, teams visited Uluwatu where they searched for their clue inside the caves within its rock formations.
Episode: “Give Me the Strength, Give Me the Strength” (23 November 2006)
Prize: A Sony High-Definition Handycam for each team member (awarded to Howard & Sahran)
At the start of the leg, teams were instructed to fly to the island of Bali. Once there, they had to travel to Kuta Beach for their next clue.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to dig in a marked area of sand around Kuta Beach for a souvenir, a small wooden surfboard, hidden up to 40 centimetres (0.44 yd) beneath the sand to receive their next clue.
After completing the Roadblock, teams had to travel to Internet Outpost Travellers Lounge where they had to log in to their MSN account at the internet cafe's computers and search the website for the words "Amazing Race Asia" to reveal their next clue on screen, which they may print out or receive from an attendant, directing them to Ubud Monkey Forest where they would grab their next clue.
This leg's Detour was a choice between Wet or Dry. In Wet, teams had to traverse down 500 steps to the Ayung River, ride through the white water rapids and complete a two-mile (3.2 km) course on the water until they reach their clue at the end of the course. In Dry, teams had to ride on an elephant through a course to receive their next clue.
After completing the Detour, teams must travel to Uluwatu Surfing Beach where they had to follow the marked stairs down to the beach and find their next clue hidden within the caves, directing them to the pit stop at Tanah Lot Temple.
Additional note
Joe Jer, Marsio, Andy, Syeon, and Aubrey chose to quit the Roadblock. Four of the five penalized teams were issued four-hour penalties that were applied at the start of the next leg, while Aubrey & Jacqueline were the last team to arrive at the Pit Stop and were therefore eliminated.
Leg 4 (Indonesia → Australia)
One of the Detour options in Sydney required teams to climb up the famous Sydney Harbour Bridge to retrieve their clue.
Episode: “Just Shut Up and Do It” (30 November 2006)
At the start of the leg, teams were instructed to fly to Sydney, Australia. Once there, they had to travel to Dawes Point to look for Pier 1 for their next clue.
This leg's Detour was a choice between Elevation or Crustacean. In Elevation, teams had to climb up a large number of steps to the top of the Sydney Harbour Bridge to receive their next clue. In Crustacean, teams made their way on foot to the seafood restaurant Doyle's at the Quay. Once there, they had to shell 14 kilograms (31 lb) of cold prawns, ensuring that the tail, the head and the back were properly removed, to receive their next clue from the restaurant chef.
After completing the Detour, teams instructed to head to Mrs Macquarie's Chair and search for their next clue, leading them to SonyCentral store, where they had to take a Sony HD Camera and use it to record a video of someone singing a local bush ballad, titled "Click Go the Shears". Once they were done, they had to go back to SonyCentral and have the video be played on a television. If the person they filmed had sung the lyrics to the correct tune, the staff at SonyCentral would hand them their next clue. If not, they would have to re-do the task.
After finishing the task, teams had to take a ferry to Manly where they were told that "dangerous Australian animals will lead them to their next clue", left teams figured out they must travel by foot to the Oceanworld.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to dive into the aquarium in Oceanworld Manly, where they had to swim with sharks, stingrays, turtles and fishes to retrieve their next clue.
At the start of the leg, teams were instructed to fly to Auckland, New Zealand. Once there, they had to travel by taxi to Auckland Ferry Terminal and board a ferry to Devonport Ferry Terminal, where they had to search near the terminal for a child on a swing with their next clue.
In this leg's Detour was a choice between Rigby or Rigging. In Rugby, teams had to take a taxi to Victoria Park. Once there, they had to put on rugby jerseys and kick rugby balls to score three goals to receive their next clue from the coach. The goals would only be counted if the rugby ball was kicked into the enclosed posts a height at least 22 metres. In Rigging, teams had to travel to Westhaven Marina and find the yachts. Once there, the instructor would give the teams instructions on how to use ropes and knots to get the sail up and receive their next clue.
After completing either Detour, teams must travel to the Sky Tower, where they had to put on orange jumpsuits and perform the SkyCity Vertigo Climb. This task involved teams having to climb up a ladder to the top of the Sky Tower where they would have a 360-view of Downtown Auckland. Their next clue would be handed to them only after they have completed the climb. Teams then made their way to a platform on level 53.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to perform the SkyJump by falling 192 metres (630 ft) from the 53rd floor in a controlled descent. While the non-participating team member was watching down below, they had to use a Sony EricssonCyber-shot camera to take a picture of their partner doing this task. Once team members reunited, they would receive their next clue, directing them to the pit stop at Auckland Museum.
Additional note
Sahil & Prashant were issued a 1-hour penalty because they were driven around in a private vehicle in Devonport, breaking an Amazing Race rule prohibiting hitch-hiking.
At the start of the leg, teams were instructed to fly to Dunedin, in South Island. Once there, teams had to search the airport's parking lot for a marked vehicle to grab their next clue, directing them to drive to Queenstown to locate a Caltex Petrol Kiosk, where they had to fill up their vehicles with fuel and pay for it using a Caltex Cash Card before receiving their next clue.
In this leg's Detour was a choice between Ledge or Luge. In Ledge, each team member had to take a turn performing the ledge swing, which hurls them 400 metres (0.25 mi) above Queenstown, before receiving their next clue. In Luge, teams had to complete a tack team relay with each team member by navigating a luge through a 830 metres (0.52 mi) circuit track a total of four times to get their next clue.
After completing either Detour, teams had to drive to the Chinese Settlement in Arrowtown for their next clue, instructing them to travel to Offroad Adventures to stay in for a night. On the following morning, teams had to drive an all-terrain vehicle around a tricky and muddy course 1 mile (1.6 km) in order to receive their next clue, directing them to Nevis Highwire Platform in Gibbston.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to bungee jump 134 metres (440 ft) over Nevis Valley, reputedly the world's wildest bungee jump. They only had two minutes after they step on the platform to do so, or forfeit their turn. After they were successfully done with the jump, the bungee instructor would give them their next clue, directing them to drive to the pit stop at Chard Farm Winery.
Additional notes
Andy & Laura were caught speeding at 146 km/h while the speed limit was 100 km/h. The penalty was 2 minutes times the number of km/h by which they had exceeded the speed limit. They were issued a 92-minute penalty that was assessed at the start of the following leg.
The bungee jump Roadblock was later revisited on Season 4 as a Switchback.
Leg 7 (New Zealand → Singapore → Thailand)
During this leg, teams visited the largest water fountain in the world (The Fountain of Wealth) in Singapore before heading to Bangkok and visit Golden Mount, which is depicted on the Thai 2 Baht coin.
Episode: “Don't Stand There Doing Nothing!” (21 December 2006)
Prize: A year's supply of an engine-cleaning fuel from Caltex (awarded to Andy & Laura)
At the start of the leg, teams were instructed to fly to Singapore. Once there, they had to travel to the Caltex Petrol Station in the neighborhood of MacPherson, each team had to clean up an extremely dirty Ford Focus car until the Caltex employee in charge was satisfied to receive their next clue.
After finishing the task, the clue directed teams to the Fountain of Wealth for their next clue, instructed to fly to Bangkok, Thailand. Once there, they must travel to Wat Niwet Thammaprawat in Ayutthaya, where they had to take a cable car over the river and then search the temple grounds for several clue boxes. Only one of these clue boxes would contain the right clue. Teams then had to figure out that their next destination was the Golden Mount, by finding out the monument depicted on the Thai 2 Baht coin enclosed in their clue envelope.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to climb to the top of the temple and then search through 560 golden bells for 100 clue capsules containing silver slips of paper. Out of the 100 silver slips of paper, only six contained the correct slip of paper instructing team members to receive their next clue from a temple worker.
In this leg's Detour was a choice between Bacon or Eggs. In Bacon, teams had to find marked tuk-tuks on Larn Luang Road and then direct their tuk-tuk drivers to drive them to the Memorial for People Born in the Year of Pig (called Pig Memorial by the racers) to get their next clue. Teams were allowed to seek directions from locals but could not get assistance from the driver. In Eggs, teams had to travel to Pak Khlong Talat, find an egg store on Asadang Road, and deliver 20 trays of eggs to a nearby egg stall using a wheeler to receive their next clue. However, if any eggs were delivered broken, the store owner would instruct the teams to re-deliver that number of unbroken eggs.
After completing either Detour, teams had to head to the pit stop at Wat Pho.
Additional note
This was a non-elimination leg.
Leg 8 (Thailand)
The Roadblock in Krabi required one team member to climb the Railay East rock wall.
Episode: “My Legs Are Shaking Like Jelly” (28 December 2006)
At the start of the leg, teams were instructed to travel by bus to Krabi. Once there, they had to take a songthaew to Ao Nang Beach where they would find their next clue.
In this season's second Fast Forward, teams had to find a kayak on Pranang Bay and then using it to look for a clue hidden in one of the many hidden caves near the area. The first team to find the clue would win the Fast Forward award. Mardy & Marsio won the Fast Forward.
In this leg's Detour was a choice between Smash or Grab. In Smash, teams had to smash through a pile of 75 coconuts with a hammer until they found one with red ink inside it to receive their next clue. In Grab, teams had to snorkel through an area of the waters off Koh Poda with 100 buoys, each of which has an attached clue, until they found one of only marked "correct".
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to climb up the face of Railay East 123 Wall in order to retrieve the next clue from the top, directing them to Koh Hong Lagoon and search the pit stop at Koh Pak Bia.
Additional note
From Noppharat Thara Bay, teams had to travel by a long-tail boat for the rest of the leg.
Leg 9 (Thailand → India)
The double-length leg in India had teams checked in at the Mid-Point at B.B. Ganguly Street in Kolkata and later traveled to Delhi to visit the famous Red Fort where they encountered a Yield.
Episode 9: “This Is Totally, Totally Out of This World!” (4 January 2007) & Episode 10: “War Has Begun!” (11 January 2007)
At the start of the leg, teams were instructed to fly to Kolkata, India. Once there, they had to travel to St. Teresa of Avila Church, where they were given the option to light a candle before retrieving their next clue, directing them to Tollygunge Metro Train Station where they would get their next clue.
In this leg's first Roadblock, one team member had to polish seven shoes from bystanders and charge at least ₹5 for their service to receive their next clue.
After completing the first Roadblock, teams had to travel to Aaheli Restaurant, where each team member must eat a traditional Bengali Indian meal to receive their next clue, directing them to Kanishka’s Sari Boutique and they would grab their next clue.
This leg's first Detour was a choice between Carry or Count. In Carry, teams had to deliver 80 litres (21 US gal) of milk by carrying jugs on their heads and pouring them into a metal bucket a distance away to receive their next clue. In Count, teams had to go to Maniktala Bazar and then correctly count the number of betel nuts in a basket to receive their next clue. Teams could only guess once before counting the nuts again.
After completing the first Detour, teams had to head to B.B. Ganguly Street (known as Kolay Market) in Sealdah and searched for the marked entrance (that turned to be the Indian Overseas Bank) where they must climb the stairs to the rooftop terrace. There, teams met Allan, who told them that the leg was not over before handing them their next clue.
Episode summary (episode 10)
Teams were instructed to travel by train to New Delhi. Upon arrival, they had to travel to the Red Fort in Delhi where must find Lahori Gate for their next clue.
This leg's second Detour was a choice between Deliver or Donkey. In Deliver, teams had to find Sunny International Spice Shop at Gadodia Market with only a picture of the shop inside their Sony CyberShot for reference. Then, they must carry sacks of spices to a specific spice shop in Khari Baoli to get their next clue. In Donkey, teams had to transport onions using a donkey to an onion store to receive their next clue from the vendor.
After the second Detour, teams must travel to Tibetan Monastery Market and search for their next clue.
In this leg's second Roadblock, one team member had to fill a bucket with cow manure and then use it to make dung cakes by adding water and sticking them onto the wall to receive their next clue, directing them to the pit stop at Jain Mandir Dada Bari.
Additional note
Leg 9 was a double leg that aired over two episodes.
Sandy & Francesca chose to Yield Andy & Laura.
Leg 10 (India → United Arab Emirates)
The Detour in Dubai took place entirely inside Ski Dubai, the largest indoor ski resort in the world, where one side of it required teams to hike the ski place's steepest slope.
Episode 11: “This Is Going to Be Embarrassing!” (18 January 2007)
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to don into a golfing attire and compete a 9-hole golf course, using only a putter and one other club to receive their next clue. If team members lost a ball or broke a club, they had to return to the first tee for a replacement.
After completing the Roadblock, teams had to head to Leopard of Dubai sailboat at Dubai International Marine Club where they would find their next clue, directing them to Ski Dubai.
This leg's Detour was a choice between Hack or Hike. In Hack, teams had to chisel their way through a 150-kilogram (330 lb) block of ice to release their next clue, using only a chisel and a hammer. In Hike, teams had to climb the steepest slope in Ski Dubai while carrying 25 kilograms (55 lb) of skiing equipment to retrieve their next clue at the top of the slope.
After completing either Detour, teams had to travel to Gold Souk and search for Modern Jewellery Shop to find a correct location where they would receive their next clue, directing them to Margham Desert Camp in Margham where they had to take a four-wheel drive to their pit stop: Margham Desert Camp.
Additional note
This was a non-elimination leg.
Leg 11 (United Arab Emirates)
The penultimate leg of the race finished in Mina A'Salam Beach, overlooking Dubai's famous 7-star hotel Burj Al Arab.
Episode: “Oh My Goodness, I Have to Eat a Brain!” (25 January 2007)
At the start of the leg, teams encounter this leg’s Detour in the Arabian Desert was a choice between Ride or Seek. In Ride, both team members had to sit on a camel and guide it through a marked course while using only a camel stick to collect five flags that they could exchange for their next clue. In Seek, teams would have had to use a metal detector to search a marked plot for a souvenir camel that they could exchange for their next clue. All teams chose Ride.
After completing the Detour, teams had to travel to the Eye of the Emirates in Sharjah, where they had to choose one of the 42 cabins to look for a clue, with only five of the cabins containing their actual correct clue. The other cabins held clues that read "Sorry, Try Again" and teams had to complete one revolution of the ferris wheel before they could pick again. The clue led the teams to head to Raghdan Restaurant for their next clue.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to eat an Arabian specialty dish, which consisted of brains and bread, to receive their next clue from the restaurant owner.
After completing the Roadblock, teams had to head to Sheikh Saeed Al Maktoum's House where they would find their next clue inside the house, directing them to Wild Wadi Water Park where both team members had to ride the Jumeirah Sceirah, the tallest and fastest free-fall water slide outside of North America, to receive their next clue, directing them to the pit stop at Mina A'Salam Beach overlooking Burj Al Arab.
Leg 12 (United Arab Emirates → Malaysia)
Upon arriving in Kuching, Sarawak, teams had to find the correct cat statue among many, which turned to be the one in its Golden Triangle.
Episode: “24 Days, 15 Cities, 39,000 Kilometres and It Comes Down To This” (1 February 2007)
At the start of the leg, teams had to complete a jigsaw puzzle to reveal the country of their next location (Malaysia) before they could retrieve their next clue, were instructed to fly to Kuala Lumpur and instructed to travel to “go to the first pit stop of the race”: Kuala Lumpur Tower, where they would get their next clue.
The clue directed teams to fly to Kuching. Once there, they had to drive to the correct cat statue (known as "The Cat Family" located in Kuching's Golden Triangle) from the city's many cat statues that one of them has their next clue, directing them to the Old Courthouse and their next clue.
This season's final Detour was a choice between Brain or Brawn. In Brain, teams had to travel to India Street Mall and assemble a wooden bench using only a Sony CyberShot picture as reference and tools provided to receive their next clue. In Brawn, teams would have had to find a marked fruit store at Pengkalan Sapi, where they must use traditional methods to carry 30 kilograms (66 lb) of fruits on their shoulders to a riverboat on the waterfront to receive their next clue. All teams chose Brain.
After completing the Detour, teams had to drive to Sarawak Cultural Village at Santubong National Park where they had to search for their next clue hidden inside one of the longhouses. Their next clue instructed each team member to hit three coloured pineapples each using darts and a blowpipe to receive their next clue.
In this season's final Roadblock, one team member had to compete a rope-based obstacle course overlooking the jungle to receive their final clue, directed them to Damai Beach and took a speedboat to Bako National Park. Once there, they must search the mangrove wild world to find the finish line.
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1986 Bulgarian parliamentary election ← 1981 8 June 1986 1990 → All 400 seats in the Grand National AssemblyTurnout99.92% Party Leader Seats +/– BKP Todor Zhivkov 276 +5 BZNS Petar Tanchev 99 0 Independents – 25 −5 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. PM before PM after Grisha FilipovOF Georgi AtanasovOF Politics of Bulgaria Constitution1879194719711991 Presidency President (list) Rumen Radev Vice President Iliana Iotova ExecutiveLegislat…
War in 195 BC in Greece Laconian WarThe Southern PeloponnesusDate195 BCLocationLaconia and ArgolidResult Victory of the anti-Spartan coalitionTerritorialchanges Argos to the Achaean League, Laconian coastal cities become independent under Achean protection as Union of Free LaconiansBelligerents Sparta Doric Cretans Argos Rome Achaean League Aetolian League Macedonia Pergamum Rhodes Commanders and leaders Nabis Pythagoras Dexagoridas † Gorgopas Titus Quinctius Flamininus Eumenes II of …
Cet article est une ébauche concernant une récompense musicale. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. 52e cérémonie des Grammy Awards Grammy Award Organisée par la National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences Détails Date 31 janvier 2010 Lieu Staples Center, Los Angeles, Californie États-Unis Présentateur Voir la liste ci-dessous Diffusé sur CBS Site web http://www.grammy.com Chronologie 5…
Colombian folk music genre This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Vallenato – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) VallenatoStylistic originsSpanish musicAmerindian cultural traditionsCultural originsEarly 1900s, Colombia's Caribbean region…
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Chaos. Théorie du chaos Illustration de la théorie du chaos : le double pendule a un comportement déterministe (car répondant aux lois newtoniennes) mais imprédictible. La sensibilité aux conditions initiales provoque une divergence des mouvements des deux pendules, initialement quasiment identiques (le changement est ici provoqué par une instabilité numérique survenant au cours de la résolution). Définition La théorie du chaos étudie les syst…
СелоТауйск 59°43′23″ с. ш. 149°19′28″ в. д.HGЯO Страна Россия Субъект Федерации Магаданская область Муниципальный округ Ольский Глава муниципального образования Рюмина Татьяна Николаевна История и география Основан 1653 год Высота центра 3 м Часовой пояс UTC+11:00 Насе…
Хип-хоп Направление популярная музыка Истоки фанкдискоэлектронная музыкадабритм-энд-блюзреггидэнсхоллджаз[1]чтение нараспев[англ.]исполнение поэзииустная поэзияозначиваниедюжины[англ.]гриотыскэтразговорный блюз Время и место возникновения Начало 1970-х, Бронкс, Нь…
Luca Ciriani Ministro per i rapporti con il ParlamentoIn caricaInizio mandato22 ottobre 2022 Capo del governoGiorgia Meloni PredecessoreFederico D'Incà[1] Vicepresidente della Regione Friuli-Venezia GiuliaDurata mandato15 maggio 2008 –25 aprile 2013 PresidenteRenzo Tondo PredecessoreGianfranco Moretton SuccessoreSergio Bolzonello Senatore della Repubblica ItalianaIn caricaInizio mandato23 marzo 2018 LegislaturaXVIII, XIX GruppoparlamentareFratelli d'Italia Circ…
Type of hat For other uses, see Boater (disambiguation). Straw boater Athlete and manager Connie Mack sporting a boater in 1911 A boater (also straw boater, basher, skimmer, The English Panama, cady, katie, canotier, somer, or sennit hat) is a semi-formal summer hat for men, which was popularised in the late 19th century and early 20th century. It is normally made of stiff sennit straw and has a stiff flat crown and brim, typically with a solid or striped grosgrain ribbon around the crown. Boate…
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