Timeline of Kraków
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kraków , Poland .
Prior to 16th century
16th to 18th centuries
Kraków in the early 17th century
Siege of Kraków by Swedish forces, October 1655
Kraków in the late 18th century
19th century
Building of the Kościuszko Mound (painting by Teodor Baltazar Stachowicz)
20th century
1900–1939
Funeral of Polish poet Stanisław Wyspiański in 1907
World War II (1939–1945)
Parade of German police and SS in German-occupied Kraków in October 1940
1939
6 September: German forces enter city.
12 September: The Einsatzgruppe zbV entered the city.
12 September: Execution of 10 Jews by the Germans.
September: Dulag transit camp for Polish prisoners of war established by the Germans.[ 37]
September: Organizacja Orła Białego underground Polish resistance organization founded.[ 38]
4 November: City becomes seat of Nazi German General Government of occupied Poland.
6 November: 183 Polish professors and lecturers arrested by the Germans during Sonderaktion Krakau .
9–10 November: Mass arrests of 120 Poles, incl. teachers, students and judges, during the Intelligenzaktion .
1939–1940 - Massacres of over 1,700 Poles at Fort 49 of the Kraków Fortress and the adjacent forest.
1940
30 March: Mass arrests of Poles during the AB-Aktion .
July: Dulag camp dissolved.[ 37]
1941 - March: Kraków Ghetto of Jews established by occupying Germans.
1942
1943 - March: Liquidation of the Kraków Ghetto.
1944
22 July: Baudienst forced labour camp dissolved.
6 August: Stalag 369 camp dissolved.
Deportations of Poles by the occupiers from the Dulag 121 camp in Pruszków to Kraków during and following the Warsaw Uprising .[ 43]
1945
January: Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp evacuated by the occupiers and dissolved.
January: Russians take city; German occupation ends.
1945–2000
Kraków Old Town in 1958
1951 - Polish Academy of Sciences' Division of Medicinal Plants established.[ 22]
1954
1955
1956
1959
1961 - Kraków Film Festival begins.
1963 - Wisła Kraków wins its first Polish women's basketball championship.
1964
1965 – Population: 520,145.
1967 - Kino Kijów [pl ] (cinema) opens.
1973 - Tyniec becomes part of Kraków.
1974 - Population: 662,900.[ 47]
Kraków Old Town
21st century
Museum of Contemporary Art in Kraków
2010
2012 - Population: 758,300.[ 54]
2013
2014
2016
2017
2021
2023
See also
References
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^ Kamil Janicki (2012), Co się stało z krakowskim ratuszem? Ciekawostki turystyczne.
^ "Wydarzenia z kalendarza historycznego: 27 czerwca 1315" . chronologia.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022 .
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^ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders . University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4 .
^ "Kalendarz dat: 1399" . Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 July 2022 .
^ "Kraków" . Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe . New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research . Archived from the original on 19 March 2015.
^ "Kalendarz dat: 1417" . Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 July 2022 .
^ "Kalendarz dat: 1443" . Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 July 2022 .
^ Dard Hunter (1978). "Chronology" . Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft . Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-23619-3 .
^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Austria-Hungary: Krakau". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum . London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl :2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
^ "Dzień Łącznościowca" . Muzeum Poczty i Telekomunikacji we Wrocławiu (in Polish). 18 October 2019. Retrieved 10 July 2022 .
^ Feduszka, Jacek (2009). "Szkoci i Anglicy w Zamościu w XVI-XVIII wieku". Czasy Nowożytne (in Polish). Vol. 22. Zarząd Główny Polskiego Towarzystwa Historycznego. p. 52. ISSN 1428-8982 .
^ a b Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. pp. 26–27.
^ a b "Garden Search: Poland" . London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International . Retrieved 30 April 2015 .
^ a b c Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Cracow", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World , New York: Columbia University Press, p. 460, OL 6112221M
^ "Chopin w Krakowie i osobiste po nim pamiątki..." Interia (in Polish). 18 February 2010. Retrieved 11 December 2023 .
^ a b "Poland: Directory" . Europa World Year Book . Taylor & Francis. 2004. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8 .
^ Georg Friedrich Kolb [in German] (1862). "Die europäischen Großmächte: Oesterreich" . Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde (in German). Leipzig: A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung. Größere Städte ... in Galizien
^ Maria Kocojowa (1994). "Poland" . In Wayne A. Wiegand and Donald G. Davis, Jr. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Library History . Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780824057879 .
^ "Austria-Hungary: Austria". Statesman's Year-Book . London: Macmillan and Co. 1899. hdl :2027/nyp.33433081590550 .
^ "Austria-Hungary: Austria". Statesman's Year-Book . London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl :2027/njp.32101072368374 .
^ Chris Michaelides, ed. (2007). "Chronology of the European Avant Garde, 1900─1937" . Breaking the Rules: The Printed Face of the European Avant Garde 1900-1937 . Online Exhibitions. British Library.
^ "Poland". Statesman's Year-Book . London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl :2027/njp.32101072368440 – via Hathi Trust.
^ Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). Zoo and Aquarium History . USA: CRC Press . ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5 .
^ a b c "Central Europe, 1900 A.D.–present: Key Events" . Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History . New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art . Retrieved 30 April 2015 .
^ a b Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV . Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 524. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1 .
^ Płuta-Czachowski, Kazimierz (1987). Organizacja Orła Białego (in Polish). Warszawa: PAX. pp. 76–77.
^ Banaś, Jan; Fijałkowska, Grażyna (2006). Miejsca Pamięci Narodowej na terenie Podgórza (in Polish). Kraków. p. 30. {{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )
^ Datner, Szymon (1968). Las sprawiedliwych (in Polish). Warszawa: Książka i Wiedza. p. 69.
^ "Transporty z obozu Dulag 121" . Muzeum Dulag 121 (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022 .
^ "Poland" . Art Spaces Directory . New York: New Museum . Retrieved 30 April 2015 .
^ a b c "W 60. rocznicę rewolucji i walki o wolność na Węgrzech w 1956 roku" . Kraków.pl (in Polish). 9 December 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2022 .
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs , Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants" . Demographic Yearbook 1975 . New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )
^ Steven Saxonberg & Magdalena Waligórska (2006). "Klezmer in Kraków: Kitsch, or Catharsis for Poles?". Ethnomusicology . 50 (3): 433–451. doi :10.2307/20174469 . JSTOR 20174469 . S2CID 161654860 .
^ "Królewskie otwarcie konsulatu" . Kraków Nasze Miasto (in Polish). 21 November 2001. Retrieved 16 July 2022 .
^ "Poświęcenie pierwszego w Polsce chaczkaru" . Polish History Museum (in Polish). 3 October 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022 .
^ "San Francisco Sister Cities" . USA: City & County of San Francisco. Retrieved 30 December 2015 .
^ a b c "36 Hours in Krakow" , New York Times , 29 September 2011
^ "Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014" . Central Statistical Office of Poland . Review Tables: Cities
^ World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database , Geneva, archived from the original on 28 March 2014{{citation }}
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This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia and German Wikipedia .
Bibliography
Published in 18th-19th centuries
William Coxe (1784), "Cracow" , Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden, and Denmark , London: T. Cadell, OCLC 654136
Abraham Rees (1819), "Cracow" , The Cyclopaedia , London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
John Russell (1828), "Cracow" , A Tour in Germany, and Some of the Southern Provinces of the Austrian Empire, in 1820, 1821, 1822 , Edinburgh: Constable, OCLC 614379840
David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Cracow". Edinburgh Encyclopædia . Vol. 7. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker. hdl :2027/mdp.39015068302770 .
Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Cracow". Geography . English Cyclopaedia . Vol. 2. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl :2027/nyp.33433000064794 .
William Henry Overall , ed. (1870). "Cracow". Dictionary of Chronology . London: William Tegg. hdl :2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949 .
George Henry Townsend (1877), "Cracow", Manual of Dates (5th ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co., hdl :2027/wu.89097349427
David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Cracow", Austria-Hungary , Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl :2027/mdp.39015030647005
Józef Rostafiński (1891). Przewodnik po Krakowie i okolicy [Guide to Kraków ] (in Polish). Kraków.{{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )
Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Cracow" , Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England , Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555
Published in 20th century
"Cracow" , Chambers's Encyclopaedia , London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
"Cracow" . Handbook for Travellers in South Germany and Austria (15th ed.). London: J. Murray . 1903 – via Google Books.
"Cracow" . Catholic Encyclopedia . New York. 1908.{{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )
"Cracow" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 359–360.
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Cracow" , Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
"Cracow" . Austria-Hungary (11th ed.). Leipzig: Karl Baedeker . 1911.
Leonard Lepszy [in Polish] (1912), Cracow, the royal capital of ancient Poland , London: T.F. Unwin
K.Z. Sowa (1984). "The development of Kraków in the nineteenth century against the background of the historic role of the city." (in) B. Hamm and B. Jaowiecki (eds.), Urbanism and human values . Bonn: BFLR, pp. 101–128.
Trudy Ring, ed. (1995). "Kraków". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Northern Europe . Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 386. ISBN 978-1-136-63944-9 .
George Lerski (1996). "Cracow" . Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945 . Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0 .
Published in 21st century
Howard Hughes; et al. (2003). "Significance of European 'Capital of Culture' for Tourism and Culture: The Case of Kraków 2000". International Journal of Arts Management . 5 (3): 12–23. JSTOR 41064794 .
Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN .
Laurențiu Rădvan [in Romanian] (2010), "Towns in the Kingdom of Poland: Wroclaw and Krakow" , At Europe's Borders: Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities , Translated by Valentin Cîrdei, Leiden: Brill, p. 47+, ISBN 9789004180109
Colum Hourihane, ed. (2012). "Krakow" . Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture . Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-539536-5 .
External links
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