From 2008 until 2011, Tobias Bonhoeffer was chairman of the Biology & Medicine Section of the Max Planck Society. In mid-2008, he was nominated as founding president of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) in Maria Gugging near Vienna,[2] but announced on July 21, 2008 that he would decline the offered leadership position at the ISTA for personal reasons.[3]
In 2014, Bonhoeffer was appointed to the Board of Governors of the UK Wellcome Trust,[4] where he served as governor until the end of 2021. In 2016, he became a scientific advisor to the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, founded by Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan.[5] In 2017, he was elected chairman of the Scientific Council of the Max Planck Society.
Scientific focus
Bonhoeffer's work focuses on the cellular foundations of learning and memory as well as on the early postnatal development of the brain. He and his research group were the first to demonstrate the presence of "pinwheels" in the mammalian visual system, using high-resolution imaging techniques.[6] Further research dealt with nerve growth factors, in particular brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF);[7][8] the functional strengthening of synapses, which is reflected in morphological changes of neurons through the formation of new dendritic spines;[9] the targeted degradation of proteins as a mechanism for the storage of information in the nervous system;[10] and with the process by which many cell contacts that were grown during learning are inactivated but not degraded when they are not used, which should enable much faster relearning.[11]
Important discoveries
Bonhoeffer's work led to a number of important scientific discoveries. These include:
the demonstration of the existence of "pinwheels" in the mammalian visual system by intrinsic optical imaging (Bonhoeffer & Grinvald, Nature 1991)[6]
the observation that the functional strengthening of synapses is accompanied by morphological changes in the neuron, specifically by the formation of dendritic spines (Engert & Bonhoeffer, Nature 1999)[9]
the demonstration that hippocampal spines exhibit activity-dependent, bidirectional structural plasticity (Nägerl et al., Neuron 2004)[12]
the demonstration that long-lasting synaptic plasticity depends on both protein synthesis and protein degradation (Fonseca et al., Neuron 2006)[10]
the finding that new synaptic contacts established during a learning process persist even if the learned information has been forgotten; this facilitates subsequent relearning (Hofer et al., Nature 2009)[11]
the demonstration that rodents can learn to assign visual stimuli to categories, and that important changes occur in the medial prefrontal cortex during this learning process (Reinert et al., Nature 2021)[13]
