Kaberle comes from the ice hockey family. His older brother František has also played as a defenceman in the NHL, and their father, František, Sr., played for the Czechoslovakia national team in the 1970s and '80s.
Kaberle started the 2001–02 campaign as a restricted free agent without a contract, and ended up playing in the Czech Extraliga for HC Rabat Kladno while a new contract was negotiated. Ultimately, he signed a contract with the Leafs, who secured his services through 2005–06. On February 11, 2006, Kaberle was re-signed to a five-year, $21.25 million contract extension with a no-trade clause for the first three years of the contract, effective July 1, 2006. This deal locked him in until the end of the 2010–11 season.
On October 28, 2006, Kaberle scored his first career hat-trick, against the Montreal Canadiens. He also scored in his first shootout attempt that night. Kaberle was named as an Eastern Conference All-Star Game participant for the second time in his career on January 12, 2007.
During a March 2, 2007, game against the New Jersey Devils, Kaberle suffered a concussion and was carried off the ice on a stretcher as a result of a late hit to the head by Cam Janssen.[2] While no penalty was called on the play, Janssen was later given a three-game suspension. In an interview, Kaberle mentioned Janssen had not contacted him for reconciliation and went on to say, "I don't care [to hear from him]. He doesn't respect me and I don't respect him."[3] After missing eight games, he returned to the Leafs lineup on March 23.
Although Kaberle has scored relatively few goals, he has scored seven times in overtime.[citation needed]
During a losing streak at the start of the 2009–10 regular season, Kaberle, along with Niklas Hagman, led the Leafs to their first victory of the season, a 6–3 victory over the Anaheim Ducks. Kaberle had one goal and four assists, and earned the second star of the game. He began the season on a hot streak, scoring 22 points in the first 20 games while leading the NHL in defenceman scoring. On December 1, 2009, Kaberle passed former Leaf great Tim Horton for second on the franchise all-time scoring list amongst defencemen with his 459th NHL point.
On July 5, 2011, Kaberle signed a three-year, $12.75 million with the Carolina Hurricanes.[5] He played in 29 games for the Hurricanes, registering nine assists and a plus-minus rating of –12. On December 9, 2011, Kaberle, in only the first year of his contract, was traded to the Montreal Canadiens in exchange for Jaroslav Špaček.[6] He recorded two assists in his first game in a Canadiens uniform, a 2–1 victory over the New Jersey Devils.
Kaberle returned to his native Czech Republic to play for HC Kladno during the 2012–13 lockout. After playing ten games in the Czech Extraliga, he decided to cease playing and spend more time with his family on October 25, 2012.[7] However, having returned for the shortened 2012–13 season, Kaberle was primarily a healthy scratch amongst the resurgent Canadiens blueline. On March 30, 2013, he was placed on waivers by the team, going unclaimed by any NHL club.[8] He finished the season appearing in a career-low ten games for three points.
On June 28, 2013, Kaberle was given a compliance buyout by the Canadiens to be released as a free agent.[9][10][11]
In September 2013, Kaberle signed a one-year contract to return with his hometown club, HC Kladno.[12]
In September 2014, Kaberle was invited to attend the New Jersey Devils training camp for the 2014–15 season on an unsigned tryout basis, where he was later released.
On September 22, 2016, it was announced by HC Kladno that Kaberle has officially retired from professional hockey.
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, Kaberle helped his wife Julia Kaberle with the increased takeout demand for her high-end Italian restaurant Quanto Basta by delivering takeout orders.[13]