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Town (New Jersey)

New Jersey municipal government
Flag of New Jersey
Traditional types
Modern forms
Faulkner Act forms
Nonstandard forms
Special charter
Changing form of municipal government
Charter Study Commission

A town in the context of New Jersey local government refers to one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government. While town is often used as a shorthand to refer to a township, the two are not the same.

The Town Act of 1895 allowed any municipality or area with a population exceeding 5,000 to become a town through a petition and referendum process. Under the 1895 act, a newly incorporated town was divided into at least three wards, with two councilmen per ward serving staggered two-year terms, and one councilman at large, who also served a two-year term. The councilman at large served as chairman of the town council.[1]

The Town Act of 1988 completely revised the town form of government and applied to all towns incorporated under the Town Act of 1895 and to those incorporated by a special charter granted by the legislature prior to 1875. Under the 1988 act, the mayor is also the councilman at large, serving a term of two years, unless increased to three years by a petition and referendum process. The council under the Town Act of 1988 consists of eight members serving staggered two-year terms with two elected from each of four wards. One councilman from each ward is up for election each year. Towns with different structures predating the 1988 act may retain those features unless changed by a petition and referendum process.[1]

Two new provisions were added in 1991 to the statutes governing towns, First, a petition and referendum process was created whereby the voters can require that the mayor and town council be elected to four-year terms of office. The second new provision defines the election procedure in towns with wards.

The mayor in a town chairs the town council and heads the municipal government. The mayor may both vote on legislation before council and veto ordinances. A veto may be overridden by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of the council. The council may enact an ordinance to delegate all or a portion of the executive responsibilities of the town to a municipal administrator.[2]

List of towns

Fifteen New Jersey municipalities currently have a type of town, eight of which operate under the town form of government:

Municipality County Form
Belvidere Warren Town
Boonton Morris Town
Clinton Hunterdon Town
Dover Town Morris Town
Guttenberg Hudson Town
Hackettstown Warren Special Charter
Hammonton Atlantic Special Charter
Harrison Hudson Town
Kearny Hudson Town
Morristown Morris Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
Newton Sussex Faulkner Act (Council-Manager)
Phillipsburg Warren Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
Secaucus Hudson Town
West New York Hudson Walsh Act
Westfield Union Special Charter

See also

References

  1. ^ a b New Jersey Municipal History and the Traditional Forms of Government Archived September 9, 2005, at the Wayback Machine, State of New Jersey Library, p. 7-8. Accessed August 16, 2007.
  2. ^ Types and Forms of New Jersey Municipal Government: Town Archived January 14, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey State League of Municipalities. Accessed August 16, 2007.

External links
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