Transylvania County, North Carolina

Transylvania County
Transylvania County
County
	Transylvania County Courthouse in Brevard
	Seal Logo
	Nickname: Land of Waterfalls
	Location within the U.S. state of North Carolina
	North Carolina's location within the U.S.
	Coordinates: 35°13′N 82°49′W / 35.21°N 82.82°W
Country	United States
State	North Carolina
Founded	1861
Named for	Latin word meaning "Across the Woods"
Seat	Brevard
Largest community	Brevard
Area
• Total	380.33 sq mi (985.1 km2)
• Land	378.36 sq mi (979.9 km2)
• Water	1.97 sq mi (5.1 km2) 0.52%
Population (2020)
• Total	32,986
• Estimate (2023)	33,549
• Density	87.18/sq mi (33.66/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district	11th
Website	www.transylvaniacounty.org

Transylvania County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census the population is 32,986.^[2] Its county seat is Brevard.^[3]

Transylvania County comprises the Brevard, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Asheville-Waynesville-Brevard, NC Combined Statistical Area.

History

The North Carolina General Assembly apportioned Transylvania County on February 15, 1861, from lands previously attributed to neighboring Jackson and Henderson counties; it was named by representative Joseph P. Jordan.^[4] Until the early 20th century, the vast majority of Transylvania County residents subsisted through agriculture, growing staples such as potatoes and cabbage.^[5]

Beginning in the early 20th century, with Joseph Silverstein's tannery in what was renamed as Rosman in 1905, a manufacturing economy began to develop in the county. It relied on timber and related products harvested from the Pisgah National Forest. In the 1930s, Harry Straus opened a paper mill in the Pisgah Forest area; by the mid-20th century, Straus's Ecusta Paper manufacturing site provided jobs to over 3,000 local residents. During the peak industrial years of the 1950s, DuPont had a factory in the county, employing nearly 1,000 more residents.^[5]

In the following decades, Brevard College and its namesake town each grew at dramatic rates. The Brevard Music Center and its summer Brevard Music Festival began to attract musicians and enthusiasts from around the country to Transylvania County.^[5]

Since the late 20th century, Transylvania County's economy has changed. Many of the manufacturing operations went defunct or moved offshore for cheap labor, including Ecusta and DuPont. Since then, the county has worked to reshape its economy around the growing summer and winter tourism industry in Appalachia.^[5]

Geography

Interactive map of Transylvania County

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 380.33 square miles (985.1 km²), of which 378.36 square miles (979.9 km²) is land and 1.97 square miles (5.1 km²) (0.52%) water.^[6]

Transylvania County contains the primary headwaters of the French Broad River, locally called North Fork, West Fork, East Fork, and Middle Fork. Since the county's northern and western boundaries follow mountain ridges, all these tributaries originate from sources in the county. The French Broad flows primarily east and northward through the county into Henderson County.^[7]

The county's northern border follows the ridge line proximate to the Blue Ridge Parkway, and the southern border mostly follows the Eastern Continental Divide, from the border of Henderson County and South Carolina, westward to near US 178 and Jackson County.^[8] The headwaters of Lake Toxaway lie south of the Eastern Continental Divide, becoming the Toxaway River, descending rapidly through Gorges State Park and into Lake Jocassee on the county's southern edge. This area, known as the Cane Brake, is difficult to access from North Carolina due to the steep slope of the trails in Gorges State Park, but can be reached more easily via the Foothills Trail from South Carolina.^[9]

Transylvania County is known as the "Land of Waterfalls", due to it having over 250 waterfalls. This is due to a combination of its high precipitation and location on the Blue Ridge Escarpment. Notable waterfalls in the county include Looking Glass Falls, Moore Cove Falls, Rainbow Falls, and Whitewater Falls, the tallest waterfall east of the Mississippi. It receives over 90 inches (2,300 mm) of rain annually due to orographic lift, making it the state's wettest county. (Buncombe County, 30 miles (48 km) northeast, is the driest, as it sits in Transylvania County's rain shadow.) The Blue Ridge Parkway traverses parts of the county, and has views of the Appalachian Mountains, which reach over 6,000 feet (1,800 m) elevation in the county.

National protected areas

State and local protected areas

Major water bodies

Adjacent counties

Henderson County – east
Greenville County, South Carolina – southeast
Pickens County, South Carolina – south
Oconee County, South Carolina – southwest
Jackson County – west
Haywood County – northwest
Buncombe County – northeast

Major highways

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1870	3,536		—
1880	5,340		51.0%
1890	5,881		10.1%
1900	6,620		12.6%
1910	7,191		8.6%
1920	9,303		29.4%
1930	9,589		3.1%
1940	12,241		27.7%
1950	15,194		24.1%
1960	16,372		7.8%
1970	19,713		20.4%
1980	23,417		18.8%
1990	25,520		9.0%
2000	29,334		14.9%
2010	33,090		12.8%
2020	32,986		−0.3%
2023 (est.)	33,549	^[2]	1.7%
U.S. Decennial Census^[11] 1790–1960^[12] 1900–1990^[13] 1990–2000^[14] 2010^[15] 2020^[2]

2020 census

Transylvania County racial composition^[16]
Race	Number	Percentage
White (non-Hispanic)	28,542	86.53%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	1,027	3.11%
Native American	102	0.31%
Asian	173	0.52%
Pacific Islander	22	0.07%
Other/Mixed	1,422	4.31%
Hispanic or Latino	1,698	5.15%

As of the 2020 census, there were 32,986 people, 14,567 households, and 9,978 families residing in the county.

2010 census

At the 2010 census,^[17] there were 33,090 people, 14,394 households, and 8,660 families residing in the county. The population density was 83 people per square mile (32 people/km²). There were 15,553 housing units at an average density of 41 units per square mile (16 units/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 92.4% White, 3.9% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.4% Asian, and 1.12% from two or more races. 2.9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 12,320 households, out of which 25.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.60% were married couples living together, 8.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.70% were non-families. 26.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.74.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 20.40% under the age of 18, 8.20% from 18 to 24, 23.10% from 25 to 44, 26.90% from 45 to 64, and 21.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 92.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $38,587, and the median income for a family was $45,579. Males had a median income of $31,743 versus $21,191 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,767. About 6.60% of families and 9.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.80% of those under age 18 and 7.00% of those age 65 or over.

Government and politics

At present Transylvania is a solidly Republican county, although much less so than the vast majority of Appalachia. No Democratic presidential nominee has carried Transylvania County since Jimmy Carter did so in 1976.

United States presidential election results for Transylvania County, North Carolina^[18]
Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
Year	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	11,636	57.03%	8,444	41.38%	324	1.59%
2016	10,520	58.87%	6,558	36.70%	791	4.43%
2012	9,634	57.47%	6,826	40.72%	303	1.81%
2008	9,401	55.60%	7,275	43.02%	233	1.38%
2004	9,386	60.21%	6,097	39.11%	105	0.67%
2000	9,011	63.35%	5,044	35.46%	170	1.20%
1996	6,734	52.29%	4,842	37.60%	1,301	10.10%
1992	5,984	45.55%	5,120	38.97%	2,033	15.48%
1988	7,009	61.86%	4,280	37.78%	41	0.36%
1984	6,956	64.91%	3,733	34.83%	28	0.26%
1980	4,826	52.60%	4,008	43.68%	341	3.72%
1976	4,089	46.51%	4,636	52.74%	66	0.75%
1972	5,860	69.73%	2,321	27.62%	223	2.65%
1968	4,033	46.85%	2,210	25.67%	2,365	27.47%
1964	3,547	44.17%	4,483	55.83%	0	0.00%
1960	4,221	55.47%	3,388	44.53%	0	0.00%
1956	3,901	53.18%	3,435	46.82%	0	0.00%
1952	4,047	52.64%	3,641	47.36%	0	0.00%
1948	2,861	46.42%	2,975	48.27%	327	5.31%
1944	2,251	42.71%	3,019	57.29%	0	0.00%
1940	2,019	37.87%	3,312	62.13%	0	0.00%
1936	2,001	41.29%	2,845	58.71%	0	0.00%
1932	1,671	39.63%	2,523	59.84%	22	0.52%
1928	2,165	55.70%	1,722	44.30%	0	0.00%
1924	1,814	50.22%	1,776	49.17%	22	0.61%
1920	1,680	52.14%	1,542	47.86%	0	0.00%
1916	841	50.60%	821	49.40%	0	0.00%
1912	107	8.39%	631	49.45%	538	42.16%

Transylvania County has a council-manager form of government, with a five-member Board of Commissioners elected at large. The Commissioners hire and supervise a separate County Manager. The current County Manager is Jaime Laughter. The current members of the Board of Commissioners are Jason Chappell (chairman), Jake Dalton (vice-chairman), Teresa McCall, Larry Chapman, and Emmett Casciato.

Transylvania Regional Hospital (TRH) was formed in 1933 with the mission to serve the community's health care needs. A 94-bed facility fully accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), it has more than 120 active, consulting and courtesy physicians representing a full spectrum of specialties.

Transylvania County is a member of the Land-of-Sky Regional Council of governments.

The current mayor of Brevard is Maureen Copelof.^[19] The current mayor of Rosman is Brian Shelton.^[20]

Points of interest

Biltmore Forest School, first school of forestry in North America
Blue Ridge Community College, Transylvania campus
Blue Ridge Parkway
Brevard College
Brevard Little Theater^[21]
Brevard Music Center
DuPont State Forest
Gorges State Park
Lake Toxaway
Looking Glass Falls
Nantahala National Forest^[22]
Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute
Pisgah National Forest
Sliding Rock^[21]
Transylvania Arts Council^[21]
Transylvania County Schools^[23]
Whitewater Falls, highest waterfall in North Carolina

Communities

City

Brevard (county seat and largest community)

Town

Rosman

Townships

Boyd
Brevard
Cathey's Creek
Dunn's Rock
Eastatoe
Gloucester
Hogback
Little River

Unincorporated communities

Balsam Grove
Cathey's Creek
Cedar Mountain
Connestee Falls
Dunn's Rock
Lake Toxaway
Little River
Penrose
Pisgah Forest
Quebec
Sapphire

References

^ Lewis, J.D. "Transylvania County, North Carolina". www.carolana.com. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c "QuickFacts: Transylvania County, North Carolina". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 22, 2024.
^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
^ Threlkel, du Toit; Brian, Susan. "1861-1911 Timeline". Transylvania Heritage Museum. Retrieved October 30, 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: mktconnections (2011). "Transylvania County Sesquicentennial Video". YouTube.
^ "2020 County Gazetteer Files – North Carolina". United States Census Bureau. August 23, 2022. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
^ "Feature Detail Report for: French Broad River". US Geological Survey. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
^ Watson, Melissa (2011). Hiking Waterfalls in North Carolina: A Guide to the State's Best Waterfall Hikes. FalconGuides. pp. 80–84. ISBN 978-0762771509.
^ Thomas, Bill (1998). The North Carolina Sierra Club's guide to the Jocassee Gorges: Horsepasture, Bearwallow, & Toxaway Region. pp. 5–8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "NCWRC Game Lands". www.ncpaws.org. Retrieved March 30, 2023.
^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
^ "Decennial Census: P2: Hispanic or Latino, and not Hispanic or Latino by Race". US Census Bureau. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 19, 2021.
^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
^ "Mayor & City Council". www.cityofbrevard.com. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
^ "About". Town of Rosman. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c "About Our County | Transylvania County". www.transylvaniacounty.org. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
^ "» Outdoor adventure and recreation in Brevard WNC, Transylvania County the Land of waterfalls Visit Brevard NC". brevardnc.com. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
^ "Transylvania County Schools / Homepage". www.tcsnc.org. Retrieved March 17, 2018.