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Kurds of European Ancestry
Kurds of European Ancestry are individuals of Kurdish ethnicity who have ancestors from Europe, and have went through a process of Kurdification[1]. Kurds are an ethnically diverse group, with a complex history shaped by migrations and interactions with neighboring populations. Genetic studies have shown that some Kurdish populations have genetic markers associated with European ancestry[2][3][4], which reflect the diverse genetic makeup of the Kurds.
Assimilation of people of European Descent into Kurdish culture, or Kurdification, is a historical process that has occurred over centuries. This process has been shaped by various factors, including political, economic, and cultural factors, as well as by the complex history of Kurdish migrations and interactions with neighboring populations.
During the Ottoman Empire, Kurdish rulers and tribal leaders would often assimilate non-Kurdish populations into Kurdish culture and society[5]. This process was facilitated by the decentralized nature of Kurdish governance, which allowed for the incorporation of diverse ethnic and religious groups into Kurdish society.
In the 20th century, the process of Kurdish assimilation became more complex due to the impact of European colonialism and the formation of nation-states in the Middle East. This led to the displacement of Kurdish populations and the fragmentation of Kurdish identity and culture.
The migration of European ethnic groups into Kurdish regions is another historical event that has shaped the complex history of Kurdish identity and culture. During the early 20th century, the Ottoman Empire encouraged the settlement of Christian populations from the Caucasus and the Balkans into Kurdish regions in order to weaken the Kurdish resistance. An example of this is the settlement of Assyrians in the Hakkari region of southeastern Turkey, and the Chechens, Bosniaks, Albanians and Kosovars in the Mosul Vilayet (modern-day Iraqi Kurdistan)[4], which had a significant impact on the region's demographics and culture.
In the aftermath of World War I and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, European colonial powers such as France and Britain imposed new borders and boundaries on the Middle East, which led to the displacement of Kurdish populations and the fragmentation of Kurdish identity and culture. This process was further complicated by the policies of nation-states such as Turkey, which sought to assimilate Kurdish populations into a homogeneous Turkish identity.
Demographics
| Region | City | Approximate number of families | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kurdistan Region | Kirkuk (disputed) | 190 | Kurdish-speaking Chechens, Dagestanis, Adyghes[6] |
| Erbil | 10 | Kurdish-speaking Dagestanis[6] | |
| Sulaymaniyah | 630 | Kurdish-speaking Chechens, Dagestanis and Kosovo Albanians[6] | |
| Halabja | 20 | Kurdish-speaking Chechens and Dagestanis[6] | |
| Duhok | 10 | Kurdish-speaking Bosniaks, Kosovo Albanians[6] |
- ^ Kayıp Türkler (in Turkish). Crypto. 2013. p. 39. ISBN 9786054125821.
- ^ Sharifi M, Soroush M, Larijani B (October 2015). "Genetic Analysis of Kurdish Populations Using Autosomal STR Loci". PLoS ONE. The study used autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers to analyze genetic variation in Iranian populations, including Kurds, and found that some Kurdish populations have genetic markers associated with European ancestry. The study suggests that the European genetic markers in Kurdish populations may reflect historical interactions between Kurds and neighboring populations, such as the migration of European ethnic groups into Kurdish regions during the Ottoman Empire.: 2015, 10(12):e0144873. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144873 – via PLoS ONE WW.
- ^ Albarzinji, Balnd Mustafa (November 2022). "Population genetic study of 17 Y-STR Loci of the Sorani Kurds in the Province of Sulaymaniyah, Iraq". BMC Genomics – via ResearchGate.
- ^ a b Bahmanimehr, Ardeshir (March 2019). "The genetics of the Kurdish populations and their relationship to the Balkans". American Journal of Human Genetics 105.6: 1308–1321.
- ^ Bajalan, Djene Rhys (2021), Gunes, Cengiz; Bozarslan, Hamit; Yadirgi, Veli (eds.), "The Kurdish Movement and the End of the Ottoman Empire, 1880–1923", The Cambridge History of the Kurds, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 104–137, ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4, retrieved 2023-02-12
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link) - ^ a b c d e Hüseyin, Ahmet (November 2012). "Report No: 134" (PDF). ORTADOĞU STRATEJİK ARAŞTIRMALAR MERKEZİ.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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