Víctor Erice Aras (Spanish:[ˈbiɣtoɾeˈɾiθe]; born 30 June 1940) is a Spanish film director. He is best known for his two feature fiction films, The Spirit of the Beehive (1973), which many regard as one of the greatest Spanish films ever made,[1][2] and El Sur (1983).
Early life
Erice was born in Karrantza, Biscay.[3] He studied law, political science, and economics at the University of Madrid. He also attended the Escuela Oficial de Cinematografia in 1963 to study film direction.
Career
He wrote film criticism and reviews for the Spanish film journal Nuestro Cine, and made a series of short films before making his first feature film, The Spirit of the Beehive (1973), a critical portrait of the 1940s rural Spain.
Erice was among other filmmakers, such as Luis Buñuel, who lived in “such restricted societies as Franco’s Spain,” to take aim at the authoritarian rule in power. At the time his first film was released in 1973, Francisco Franco was still in power.[4] One of the things The Spirit of the Beehive is known for is its use of symbolism to portray what life was like in Spain under Franco’s rule.[5] Setting the movie in 1940, at the start of Franco’s rule, was a risk for Erice, given that the film “wasn't a propagandist effort in which stalwart Francoists won victories against evil, priest-massacring Republicans.”[6]
Erice worked in the development of (and was set to direct) The Shanghai Spell, the adaptation of the Juan Marsé's namesake novel, but producer Andrés Vicente Gómez eventually tasked the project to Fernando Trueba instead.[8] This rejection entailed "a great deal of frustration" for Erice.[8]
At the 2014 Locarno Film Festival, Erice was awarded with a Golden Leopard award for lifetime achievement.[10]
In July 2022, thirty years after his last full-length film, a project for a new Erice film (Cerrar los ojos) supported by Pecado Films, Tándem Films, Nautilus as well as Canal Sur was revealed to be in development.[11] The film premiered in the following year at the 2023 Cannes Film Festival and was met with very positive reviews.[12]
Appraisal
Geoff Andrew, in the Time Out Film Guide, praises Erice's contribution to Ten Minutes Older: The Trumpet (Lifeline) as "quite masterly", adding "it only makes you wish he worked more frequently".[13] Excluding short films, Erice has produced only four major works: The Spirit of the Beehive (1973), the unfinished El Sur (1983), Dream of Light (1992, The Quince Tree Sun), and Close Your Eyes (2023 film). Critic Tony Rayns describes The Spirit of the Beehive as "a haunting mood piece that dispenses with plot and works its spells through intricate patterns of sound and image"[14] and of El Sur it has been said that "Erice creates his film as a canvas, conjuring painterly images of slow dissolves and shafts of light that match Caravaggio in their power to animate a scene of stillness, or freeze one of mad movement". [citation needed]
In December 2023, alongside 50 other filmmakers, Erice signed an open letter published in Libération demanding a ceasefire and an end to the killing of civilians amid the 2023 Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip, and for a humanitarian corridor into Gaza to be established for humanitarian aid, and the release of hostages.[16][17][18]
Experimental documentary film co-directed with Abbas Kiarostami started as an audiovisual exposition in 2006 and released as a movie in 2016. Also co-cinematographer.
