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Wiżajny

Wiżajny
Village
Saint Theresa church in Wiżajny
Saint Theresa church in Wiżajny
Wiżajny is located in Poland
Wiżajny
Wiżajny
Coordinates: 54°23′23″N 22°51′54″E / 54.38972°N 22.86500°E / 54.38972; 22.86500
Country Poland
VoivodeshipPodlaskie
CountySuwałki
GminaWiżajny
First mentioned1253
Population
1,000
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Vehicle registrationBSE

Wiżajny ([viˈʐai̯nɨ]; Lithuanian: Vižainis) is a village in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Lithuania.[1] It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wiżajny. It lies approximately 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Suwałki and 143 km (89 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.

History

View of Wiżajny in the 1980s

In the 6th-9th centuries this area has been inhabited by the Baltic tribe of Yotvingians. The first mention of the settlement comes from 1253 when it was recorded as "Weyze", which was most likely taken from the name of a nearby lake, which in turn was derived from the Lithuanian word vėžys, or crawfish. In the 14th century there was an inn next to the road from Vilkaviškis to Sejny. According to legend, in 1409 Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland Władysław Jagiełło hunted aurochs here and hence called the place Stumbrinė.[2][3]

In 1570 the place was granted town status, in 1606 it had 4 streets: Stara, Wierzbołowska, Siemiańska i Sejweńska. Around 1800 the town was granted the coat of arms and right to build the town hall.[4]

During the German occupation (World War II), the Germans arrested the local Polish parish priest Stanisław Maciątek [pl] in early November 1939 and imprisoned him in nearby Suwałki until November 11, 1939.[5] He was arrested again in April 1940 in Mikaszówka and deported to the Soldau and Sachsenhausen concentration camps, where he died of exhaustion in June 1940 (see Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).[5] The Germans also seized the local rectory and converted it into a customs office.[6]

In 1947–1961, the local parish priest was Kazimierz Równy, former prisoner of the Soldau, Sachsenhausen and Dachau concentration camps.[7]

References

  1. ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
  2. ^ "Unknown".[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ "Wiżajny - opis miejscowości".
  4. ^ "Cykl Gminy polskie - gmina Wiżajny - historia" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2011-09-30. Retrieved 2023-10-01.
  5. ^ a b Guzewicz, Wojciech (2008). "Eksterminacja duchowieństwa katolickiego na Suwalszczyźnie w okresie okupacji niemieckiej". Studia Ełckie (in Polish) (10): 145.
  6. ^ Guzewicz, p. 158
  7. ^ Guzewicz, pp. 152-153
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