William P. Hobby Airport (IATA: HOU, ICAO: KHOU, FAALID: HOU) — colloquially referred to as Houston Hobby or other short names — is an international airport in Houston, Texas, located 7 mi (11 km) from downtown Houston.[4] Hobby is Houston's oldest commercial airport, and was its primary airport until the Houston Intercontinental Airport, now known as the George Bush Intercontinental Airport, opened in 1969. Hobby was initially closed after the opening of Houston Intercontinental; however, it was re-opened after several years, and became a secondary airport for domestic airline service, and a center for corporate and private aviation.
Houston Hobby is an operating base for Southwest Airlines, which has international and domestic flights from HOU, and carries the vast majority of its passengers. As of December 2017[update], Houston Hobby is the fifth largest airport in Southwest's network.[5] Southwest opened its first international terminal at Houston Hobby, and began service from Houston Hobby to Mexico and Central and South America on October 15, 2015.[6]
The William P. Hobby Airport covers 1,304 acres (528 ha), and has three runways.[2][7] Its original art deco terminal building, the first passenger airline terminal in Houston, now houses the 1940 Air Terminal Museum.
Hobby became the first 5-Star Airport in North America by Skytrax in 2022.[8]
History
Hobby Airport opened in June 1927 as a private landing field in a 600-acre (240 ha) pasture known as W.T. Carter Field. In the 1930s, it was served by Braniff International Airways and Eastern Air Lines. The site was acquired by the city of Houston and was named Houston Municipal Airport in 1937.[9] The airport was renamed Howard R. Hughes Airport in 1938. Howard Hughes was responsible for several improvements to the airport, including its first control tower, built in 1938.[9]
The airport's name changed back to Houston Municipal because Hughes was still alive at the time and regulations did not allow federal improvement funds for an airport named after a living person.
The city of Houston opened a new air terminal and hangar in 1940.
Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) in 1943
The first three Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) training classes were held at the Houston Municipal Airport in 1943.
Besides the Braniff/Pan Am and KLM services to Europe, the airport had other long flights: Braniff was flying nonstop from Hobby to Panama City, Panama with Boeing 707s and Boeing 720s in the late 1960s.[31] Braniff's April 1969 timetable lists nonstop 707 service to Hawaii;[32] however, Braniff flights from Houston to Hawaii didn't actually start until September 1, after the move to IAH.[33] (Hobby's 7600-ft runways would have been too short for 707 nonstop service to Hawaii.)[citation needed]
Houston Intercontinental Airport (IAH), now George Bush Intercontinental Airport, opened in June 1969; the airlines moved to Intercontinental and Hobby was left with no scheduled passenger service. The Civil Aeronautics Administration recommended years earlier that Houston plan to replace Hobby.[34]
The first airline to resume passenger flights was Houston Metro Airlines, a commuter airline, which in early 1970 was flying "cross town" service with de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otters between Hobby and Houston Intercontinental Airport (IAH) with 14 weekday round trips.[41]
By fall 1979, Braniff and Texas International had ceased serving Hobby, however, two other jet airlines, Hughes Airwest and Ozark Air Lines, had joined Southwest at the airport, with Southwest operating Boeing 727-200s as well as 737-200s nonstop to Austin, Corpus Christi, Dallas Love Field, Harlingen, Lubbock, San Antonio and its first destination outside Texas, New Orleans.[44] Hughes Airwest (owned by Howard Hughes) was flying nonstop to Las Vegas, Phoenix and Tucson and direct to Burbank (now Bob Hope Airport) and Orange County (now John Wayne Airport) while Ozark was flying nonstop to its hub in St. Louis; both airlines flew McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30s.[44] Hughes Airwest was acquired by and merged into Republic Airlines which in 1983 had a focus city operation at Hobby with McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30s, DC-9-50s and MD-80s nonstop to Chicago O'Hare Airport (ORD), Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW), Detroit, Las Vegas, Memphis, New Orleans and Phoenix.[45] By 1984, another airline flew nonstop Hobby to St. Louis: Air 1 Boeing 727-100s.[46] A number of commuter airlines were flying from Hobby to smaller cities in Texas and Louisiana, including Chaparral Airlines, Commutair, Eagle Commuter, Hammonds Air Service, Metroplex Airlines and Tejas Airlines.[44]
In 1987, Continental Airlines had a "dual hub" operation in Houston with a hub at Intercontinental Airport (IAH) and a second hub at Hobby.[47] In February 1987, Continental had nonstops from Hobby to Austin, Denver, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York LaGuardia Airport, San Antonio and Washington D.C. National Airport. Nonstop "cross town" shuttle service was also being flown between HOU and IAH with Douglas DC-9-10s by Emerald Air operating as the "Houston Proud Express" or Continental with these flights using "CO" flight numbers with seven round trips a day. CO one-stops flew from Hobby to Bozeman, MT, Orlando, Sacramento and Tucson. Continental was operating up to 37 departures a day from HOU with Boeing 727-100s, 727-200s, 737-200s, 737-300s, Douglas DC-9-10s and McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30s. The airline shut down its hub at Hobby and was not serving the airport by the early 1990s although its regional affiliate Continental Express would return with "cross town" turboprop flights to IAH by the mid 1990s followed later by limited Continental mainline jet service.[48] Also in 1987, Pan Am was once again serving Hobby with daily nonstop Boeing 727-200 and Boeing 737-200 service from the airport to Miami, New York JFK Airport and Washington Dulles Airport with the flight to New York continuing on a direct one stop, no change of plane basis to Bermuda.[49]
The headquarters for TranStar Airlines (formerly Muse Air before this new start up air carrier was acquired by Southwest Airlines) were at the airport.[55] Muse Air followed by TranStar operated a hub at Hobby flying McDonnell Douglas MD-80s, DC-9-50s and DC-9-30s nonstop to Austin, Brownsville, TX, Dallas Love Field, Las Vegas, Los Angeles (LAX), Lubbock, Ontario, CA, McAllen, TX, Miami, Midland/Odessa, New Orleans, Orlando, San Antonio, San Francisco, Tampa and Tulsa with direct service to San Diego and San Jose, CA at various times during the 1980s.[56] Several other airlines were based at the airport in the past as well, including Pioneer Air Lines and Trans-Texas Airways (TTa) with the latter then changing its name to Texas International Airlines. Trans-Texas followed by Texas International operated a hub at the airport as well.[57][58] Pioneer and Texas International merged with Continental Airlines, Pioneer in 1955 and Texas International in 1982. Continental continued to use the former Texas International maintenance base at Hobby after the merger.[59]
21st century
In May 2011, Southwest Airlines expressed interest in initiating new international flights from Hobby.[60]
On April 9, 2012, Houston Director of Aviation Mario Diaz announced support of international flights from Hobby after multiple studies of the economic impact on the entire city of Houston. On this day Southwest Airlines also debuted its new campaign, called Free Hobby. Supporters are asked to sign a petition. Southwest also started a website just for supporters of international flights from Hobby, freehobbyairport.com.[61]
United Airlines, Houston's other major carrier, which would later be forced to compete with Southwest on proposed international routes, has objected to the expansion plans, citing a study which concludes that the change would cost the Houston area jobs and result in a net reduction in GRP.[62]
Houston Mayor Annise Parker backed Southwest's fight to make Hobby an international airport on May 23, 2012.[63] On May 30, 2012, Houston's city council approved Southwest's request for international flights from Hobby.[64]
The groundbreaking of the terminal expansion began in September 2013.[65] Five new gates (two arrival/departure gates and three arrival only gates) were added to accommodate both Boeing 737 and Airbus A320 family aircraft.[66] The expansion was estimated to have cost $156 million and was paid for by Southwest Airlines.[65] The expansion also included constructing a new parking garage as well as a re-organization and expansion of the security checkpoint and Southwest Airlines' check-in counter. Vertical construction was officially completed on October 15, 2015, and Southwest launched international flights that same day.[67][68]
Frontier Airlines announced its entry to the airport with direct flights to Cancun, Las Vegas, and Orlando starting in May 2022.[69] Just two months later Frontier Airlines announced a fourth flight from Hobby with a new Denver route starting in September. [70]
Facilities
Terminal
William P. Hobby Airport has a single terminal with two concourses (one domestic and one international) and 30 overall gates.[71] The domestic concourse, which has various retail shops and restaurants, opened in 2003 and replaced the original three concourses, which dated back to the 1950s.[72] It also includes an interfaithchapel.[73] The international concourse opened on October 15, 2015.[74]
In February 2020, Hobby Airport became the first airport in Texas to have full biometric entry and exit for passengers who are traveling internationally.[75]
In March 2022, Southwest announced a $250 million expansion project to add seven gates to Hobby's west concourse. The city of Houston is contributing $20 million toward the project. Six of the gates will be used exclusively by Southwest for domestic flights. The seventh new gate will be available for use by other airlines at the discretion of the Houston Airport System. The project is expected to take five years.[76]
Ground transportation
The Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas, or METRO, stops at Curb Zone 3 at the airport.[77] Currently, there are four bus lines that serve Hobby Airport. 40 Telephone/Heights provides local service to Eastwood Transit Center, Downtown, and North Shepard Park and Ride. 50 Broadway also provides service between the airport and Eastwood Transit Center via the Magnolia Park Transit Center. 73 Bellfort, which runs up to a 12 minute frequency during weekday, runs between the airport and Fannin South Transit Center, connecting to the Metro Rail Red Line. 88 Sagemont runs between the airport and San Jacinto College South Campus.
Courtesy vans are operated by various hotels and motels in and around the Houston area. There are courtesy telephones in the baggage claim areas to request pickup for most hotels and motels.[77]
Shared-ride shuttle service was available at HOU until 2019 when SuperShuttle (now Transdev) ceased business, citing competition from ride-sharing services Uber and Lyft. Additionally, regularly scheduled bus and shuttle service is provided by various carriers to locations from HOU to areas outside metropolitan Houston and to Galveston and College Station. These services can be found in the baggage claim area.[77]
Taxis are available at Curb Zone 2.[77]Lyft and Uber are available at Curb Zone 5.
Other
There are several artistic pieces located in and on the William P. Hobby Airport grounds.
Artists Paul Kittleson and Carter Ernst created "Take-off," a stainless steel bird's nest showing interwoven branches created using industrial materials. The nest is 30 feet (9.1 m) wide and is held 20 feet (6.1 m) above the ground by three steel tree trunks. The nest is depicted floating above a subtropical garden. The artists created the work to depict the spirit of Houston's industrial force along the coastal plain. "Take-off" is located at Hobby's Broadway Street entrance.[78]
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Annual passenger traffic at HOU airport.
See Wikidata query.
On January 18, 1988, a Hawker SiddeleyHS-125-600B crashed during an Instrument Landing System approach to runway 04, hitting powerlines 6,500 ft (2,000 m) short of the runway; one crewmember of the eight on board was killed.[98]
On November 22, 2004, a Gulfstream Aerospace Gulfstream III crashed 5 km (3.1 mi) west of Hobby, striking a light pole on approach and killing all three on board.[99]
On November 5, 2005, a Cessna 500 Citation I stalled and crashed after takeoff. Both occupants died.[100]
On June 9, 2016, a Cirrus SR20 stalled and crashed into a parking lot near the airport during a go-around. All three occupants died.[101]
On May 6, 2022, a Cessna 421C Golden Eagle, XB-FQS, lost power in both engines shortly after takeoff. The plane made a forced landing in a residential neighborhood near the airport, skidding across a school's athletic field and coming to rest in the backyards of nearby homes. None of the four aircraft occupants were injured.[102]
On October 24, 2023, a Hawker 850XP took off from runway 22 without permission from air traffic control, and its wing clipped the tail of a Cessna Citation Mustang that had landed on intersecting runway 13R. The Hawker circled back and landed safely at the airport with only minor damage. The Cessna sustained substantial damage. The five occupants on board the Cessna and the three on board the Hawker were not injured.[103][104][105][106]
On May 3, 2024, an Embraer ERJ-145 of JSX, N942JX, operating as Flight 284 from Dallas Love Field, sustained a left main landing gear collapse during a low-speed rollout after a seemingly uneventful landing on runway 04. The airliner veered to the left side of the runway, dragging its left wing on the ground and sustaining substantial damage. One crew member suffered minor injuries; the other two crew and 21 passengers were not injured.[107]
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