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Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County

Youyang
酉阳县 · youvyanr xanf
Yuyang
Autonomous County
酉阳土家族苗族自治县
youvyanr bifzivkar befkar zifzifxanf

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County
Gongtan Ancient Town
Gongtan Ancient Town
Map
Location of Youyang County in Chongqing
Location of Youyang County in Chongqing
Coordinates: 28°53′19″N 108°45′50″E / 28.8886°N 108.764°E / 28.8886; 108.764
CountryChina
MunicipalityChongqing
County seatTaohuayuan Subdistrict
Area
 • Total
5,173 km2 (1,997 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 census)[1]
 • Total
607,338
 • Density120/km2 (300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Websiteyouyang.gov.cn

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, or Youyang County for short (simplified Chinese: 酉阳土家族苗族自治县; traditional Chinese: 酉陽土家族苗族自治縣; pinyin: YǒuYáng Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn) is located in southeastern Chongqing Municipality, southwest China, bordering the provinces of Hunan to the east and Guizhou to the southwest.

The county spans an area of 5,173 km2 (1,997 sq mi), and has a population of approximately 854,400 people as of 2018.[2][3]

History

Youyang was known as Youzhou in ancient times.[citation needed]

Geography

Youyang Tujia Miao Autonomous County is located east of Wu River and west of Youshui River [zh].[2] It is the largest county-level division of Chongqing, having an area of 5,173 km2 (1,997 sq mi).[2]

The county contains about 1.5939 million mu (1,062.6 km2 or 410.3 sq mi) of arable land, 4.46 million mu (2,973.3 km2 or 1,148.0 sq mi) of forested land, and 2.92 million mu (1,946.6 km2 or 751.6 sq mi) of grassland.[citation needed]

The Wuling Mountains run through the county, and the county's highest point reaches 1,895 metres (6,217 ft) above sea level.[2]

Climate

Climate data for Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, elevation 827 m (2,713 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 21.4
(70.5) 		27.9
(82.2) 		30.6
(87.1) 		33.4
(92.1) 		35.3
(95.5) 		35.6
(96.1) 		36.7
(98.1) 		37.5
(99.5) 		35.6
(96.1) 		31.9
(89.4) 		26.7
(80.1) 		20.9
(69.6) 		37.5
(99.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.5
(45.5) 		10.1
(50.2) 		14.2
(57.6) 		20.2
(68.4) 		24.4
(75.9) 		27.3
(81.1) 		30.2
(86.4) 		30.2
(86.4) 		26.4
(79.5) 		20.3
(68.5) 		15.9
(60.6) 		10.1
(50.2) 		19.7
(67.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.1
(39.4) 		6.3
(43.3) 		9.8
(49.6) 		15.2
(59.4) 		19.5
(67.1) 		22.7
(72.9) 		25.3
(77.5) 		24.9
(76.8) 		21.3
(70.3) 		15.9
(60.6) 		11.3
(52.3) 		6.3
(43.3) 		15.2
(59.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.6
(34.9) 		3.7
(38.7) 		6.8
(44.2) 		11.8
(53.2) 		15.9
(60.6) 		19.4
(66.9) 		21.8
(71.2) 		21.3
(70.3) 		17.9
(64.2) 		13.1
(55.6) 		8.3
(46.9) 		3.7
(38.7) 		12.1
(53.8)
Record low °C (°F) −5.6
(21.9) 		−4.5
(23.9) 		−2.3
(27.9) 		1.4
(34.5) 		5.9
(42.6) 		11.5
(52.7) 		14.6
(58.3) 		14.3
(57.7) 		10.7
(51.3) 		4.0
(39.2) 		−1.7
(28.9) 		−4.7
(23.5) 		−5.6
(21.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 30.9
(1.22) 		38.3
(1.51) 		57.1
(2.25) 		114.8
(4.52) 		201.8
(7.94) 		232.4
(9.15) 		199.7
(7.86) 		153.8
(6.06) 		87.1
(3.43) 		116.9
(4.60) 		61.5
(2.42) 		22.3
(0.88) 		1,316.6
(51.84)
Average precipitation days 11.8 11.7 15.0 15.7 17.3 16.9 15.7 14.2 10.6 15.3 10.5 10.4 165.1
Average snowy days 8.5 4.4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4 3.9 19.2
Average relative humidity (%) 76 77 78 79 80 82 81 79 79 81 78 76 79
Mean monthly sunshine hours 41.6 39.1 63.6 82.4 102.7 91.6 147.2 158.3 115.9 73.9 75.4 53.5 1,045.2
Percent possible sunshine 13 12 17 21 24 22 35 39 32 21 24 17 23
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5][6]

Administrative divisions

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County is divided into 2 subdistricts, 19 towns, and 18 townships.[7] These are then divided into 8 residential communities, and 270 administrative villages.[2]

2 subdistricts
19 towns
18 townships

Demographics

As of 2018, the county has a population of approximately 854,400 people.[3] Of this, 275,000 live in urban areas, and 579,400 live in rural areas.[3]

Vital statistics

In 2018, the county registered a birth rate of 10.89 per thousand, a death rate of 5.74 per thousand, giving it a rate of natural increase of 5.15 per thousand.[3]

Ethnic groups

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County is home to 16 ethnic minorities,[citation needed] including the Tujia and Miao people, for which the county is named.[3]

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County Ethnic Groups (2018)[3]
Group Population (total) Population (percent)
Tujia 689,700 80.72%
Miao 97,100 11.36%
Han 67,200 7.87%
Other 400 0.05%
Total 854,400 100.00%

Culture

The county is nicknamed the "Cradle of Tujia people" for its rich Tujia culture.[citation needed]

It is the home of the Baishou Dance, a symbolic tradition of Tujia people.[8] It is a traditional dance which involves waving hands to convey stories of human origins, myths and legends, ethnic migration, ancient wars, hunting and fishing, forestry, labor, food, and other aspects of social life.[8] The dance was added to the second batch of the China National Intangible Cultural Heritage List [zh] on June 7, 2008.[8]

The county is also home to a number of traditional folk songs, which perhaps date back to the Southern Song dynasty.[8] The folk songs are popular at festivals, weddings, funerals, and other activities.[8]

Economy

The county has a labor force 40-50% cheaper than that of coastal areas.[citation needed] It is one of the counties with the most water resources in China, and has more than 20 kinds of mineral resources.[citation needed] Youyang is also a "Sanmu" (Chinese: 三木) production base, as it grows three major plants used in Chinese medicine: Eucommia ulmoides (Chinese: 杜仲), Magnolia officinalis (Chinese: 厚朴), and Phellodendron amurense (Chinese: 黄柏).[2] The country as a whole grows about 1,200 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine materials, and is home to large amounts of Artemisia annua.[2]

Tourism

Taohuayuan

Taohuayuan (Chinese: 桃花源) is a 5A Tourist Attraction, the highest rank of designated attractions in China.[2] Located in the northern corner of the county, Taohuayuan is a place at first described in The Peach Blossom Spring written by Tao Yuanming, a famous writer of the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420).[citation needed] It is notable that there are more than one Taohuayuan spots in China, and the one in Youyang is a nationwide recognised Taohuayuan.[citation needed]

Gongtan Ancient Town

Gongtan Ancient Town (Chinese: 龚滩古镇) is located at the intersection of Wu River and Apeng River, and it is a 4A Tourist Attraction.[citation needed] It has a history of more than 1,700 years.[citation needed] More than 200 courtyards and stilted building from Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty are preserved in Gongtan.[citation needed]

Wu River Gallery is the 60 km (37 mi) long, naturally formed river bank of Wu River in Chongqing Youyang, and it is a 4A Tourist Attraction.[citation needed] It is famous for the strangely shaped mountains along the gallery.[citation needed]

Longtan Ancient Town

Longtan Ancient Town (Chinese: 龙潭古镇) is an ancient town with ancient wood architecture.[citation needed]

Notable people

References

  1. ^ "重庆市第七次全国人口普查公报（第二号）——地区常住人口情况" (in Chinese). Government of Chongqing. 2021-05-13.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h 县情介绍 [County Introduction] (in Chinese). Chongqing City Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People's Government. 2020-01-10. Retrieved 2021-02-28.
  3. ^ a b c d e f 人口状况 [Population Overview] (in Chinese). Chongqing City Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People's Government. 2020-01-10. Archived from the original on 2021-02-28. Retrieved 2021-02-28.
  4. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  5. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  6. ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
  7. ^ 2020年统计用区划代码（酉阳土家族苗族自治县） [2020 Statistical Division Codes (Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County)] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-02-28. Retrieved 2021-02-28.
  8. ^ a b c d e 民俗文化 [Folk Culture] (in Chinese). Chongqing City Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People's Government. 2020-01-10. Archived from the original on 2021-02-28. Retrieved 2021-02-28.
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