Tableau des consonnes

Les consonnes s'opposent aux voyelles. Contrairement aux voyelles, en règle générale, elles ne forment pas de syllabes indépendates.

Mode d'articulation Point d'articulation
Labiale Coronale Dorsale Laryngale
Dentale Alvéolaire Post-alvéolaire Radicale Glottale
Bilabiale Labio-dentale Labio-palatale Labiale-vélaire Palato-alvéolaire Rétroflexe Alvéolo-palatale Alvéolo-vélaire Palatale Vélaire Labio-vélaire Uvulaire Pharyngale Épiglottale
Pulmoniques Obstruante Occlusive p b k͡p g͡b t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k g q ɢ ʡ ʔ
Affriquée p͡ɸ b͡β p͡f b͡v t͡θ d͡ð t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ʂ d͡ʐ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ c͡ç ɟ͡ʝ k͡x g͡ɣ q͡χ ɢ͡ʁ ʡ͡ʜ ʔ͡h
Affriquée latérale t͡ɬ d͡ɮ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ ɧ ç ʝ x ɣ ɣʷ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ
Fricative latérale ɬ ɮ
Sonante Roulée ʙ̥ ʙ r ɽ͡r ʀ
Battue ⱱ̟ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Battue latérale ɺ
Nasale m ɱ ŋ͡m n ɳ ɲ ŋ ŋʷ ɴ
Spirante β̞ ʋ ɥ ð̞ ɹ ɻ j ɰ ʍ w
Spirante latérale l ɭ ɫ ʎ ʟ
Non pulmoniques Injective ƥ ɓ ƭ ɗ ƈ ʄ ƙ ɠ ʠ ʛ
Clic centraux ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ
Clic latéraux ǁ

Notes et références

Bibliographie

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