D-キシロースレダクターゼ

D-キシロースレダクターゼ(D-xylose reductase)は、次の化学反応を触媒する酵素である。

キシリトール + NAD(P)⁺ ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ D-キシロース + NAD(P)H + H⁺

この酵素の基質はキシリトールとNAD⁺(NADP⁺)で、生成物はD-キシロース、NAD(P)HとH⁺である。

この酵素は酸化還元酵素に属し、NAD⁺またはNADP⁺を受容体として供与体であるCH-OH基に特異的に作用する。組織名はxylitol:NAD(P)⁺ oxidoreductaseで、別名にXylR、XyrA、msXR、dsXR、monospecific xylose reductase、dual specific xylose reductase、NAD(P)H-dependent xylose reductase、xylose reductaseがある。

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• Verduyn, C., Van Kleef, R., Frank, J., Schreuder, H., Van Dijken, J.P. and Scheffers, W.A. (1985). “Properties of the NAD(P)H-dependent xylose reductase from the xylose-fermenting yeast Pichia stipitis.”. Biochem. J. 226: 669-677. PMID 3921014. 
• Fernandes, S., Tuohy, M.G. and Murray, P.G. (2009). “Xylose reductase from the thermophilic fungus Talaromyces emersonii: cloning and heterologous expression of the native gene (Texr) and a double mutant (TexrK271R + N273D) with altered coenzyme specificity.”. J Biosci 34: 881-890. PMID 20093741. 
• Lee, J.K., Koo, B.S. and Kim, S.Y. (2003). “Cloning and characterization of the xyl1 gene, encoding an NADH-preferring xylose reductase from Candida parapsilosis, and its functional expression in Candida tropicalis.”. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 6179-6188. PMID 14532079. 
• Woodyer, R., Simurdiak, M., van der Donk, W.A. and Zhao, H. (2005). “Heterologous expression, purification, and characterization of a highly active xylose reductase from Neurospora crassa.”. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 1642-1647. PMID 15746370.