Q

Q یا q هیودهومین حرفی هسته که لاتین خط دله وجود دارنه. وه اتا بی‌چمر حرف هسته که «کیو» بخوندست وونه.

تاریخچه

سامی زوونون دله قاپ اتا حرف بی‌یه که درزن‌دکردِ چِش، نخ-سوزن، یا حتا اتا شادی ره مونسته.^[۱]^[۲]^[۳] ق خله سامی زوون‌ها دله پرکاربردِ حرف هسته ولی اروپایی زوونون معمولاً ق نداشتنه. بعضی تاریخ‌شناسون این حرفِ ریشه ره مصر جه رسندنّه.^[۴]^[۵]

یونانِ باستانی خط دله ق ره کپی هاکرد بینه و این حرف اون گدر «قُپّا» (Ϙ) نوم داشته. احتمالاً یونانی‌ها اون گدر وه ره /kʷ/ یا /kʷʰ/ (کیو یا کیوح) صدا جه تلفظ کردنه.^[۶] ونه ایسمِ دومین بخش ره هم /p/ و /pʰ/ (پ و ف) جه بخوندستنه.^[۷] اینتی بیّه که «قاف» که اِما گمبی، وشون زوون دله دِتا صدا ره دائه: اتا «قُپّا» (Ϙ) که «ق» چمر کرده و اتی «فی» (Φ) که «ف» چمر ره یارده و بعداً F حرف ره ونه سر جه بساتنه.^[۸]^[۹]^[۱۰]

اتروسک‌ها هرگدر خاستنه که /kʷ/ (کیو) بنویسن، Q ره V وَر یشتنه و رومی‌ها این روش ره وشون جه یاد بیتنه.^[۳] لاتین ِاولین کتیفه‌ئون دله، حروف C، K و Q جه استفاده کردنه که /k/ و /ɡ/ ره سراق هادن.^[۱۱] دمبال‌تر، C جه استفاده هاکردن باب بیّه و کم‌کم G شکل هم جا دکته و اینتی بیّه که Q شه کاربرد ره از دست هدا و خله زوون‌ها دله فقط «کیو» چمر ره دنه.^[۱۲]

هیروگلیف
وج

فینیقی
قُف

یونانی
قپا

اتروسکی
Q

لاتین
Q

منابع

↑ Travers Wood, Henry Craven Ord Lanchester, A Hebrew Grammar, 1913, p. 7. A. B. Davidson, Hebrew Primer and Grammar, 2000, p. 4 بایگانی‌شده در ۲۰۱۷-۰۲-۰۴ توسط Wayback Machine. The meaning is doubtful. "Eye of a needle" has been suggested, and also "knot" Harvard Studies in Classical Philology vol. 45.
↑ Isaac Taylor, History of the Alphabet: Semitic Alphabets, Part 1, 2003: "The old explanation, which has again been revived by Halévy, is that it denotes an 'ape,' the character Q being taken to represent an ape with its tail hanging down. It may also be referred to a Talmudic root which would signify an 'aperture' of some kind, as the 'eye of a needle,' ... Lenormant adopts the more usual explanation that the word means a 'knot'.
↑ ^۳٫۰ ^۳٫۱ منبع خطا: برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام :4 وارد نشده است
↑ Samuel, Stehman Haldeman (1851). Elements of Latin Pronunciation: For the Use of Students in Language, Law, Medicine, Zoology, Botany, and the Sciences Generally in which Latin Words are Used. J.B. Lippincott. p. 56. Archived from the original on 2021-08-16. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
↑ Hamilton, Gordon James (2006). The Origins of the West Semitic Alphabet in Egyptian Scripts. Catholic Biblical Association of America. ISBN 9780915170401. Archived from the original on 2022-02-21. Retrieved 2020-09-16.
↑ Woodard, Roger G. (2014-03-24). The Textualization of the Greek Alphabet. p. 303. ISBN 9781107729308. Archived from the original on 2022-02-21. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
↑ Noyer, Rolf. "Principal Sound Changes from PIE to Greek" (PDF). University of Pennsylvania Department of Linguistics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-02-04. Retrieved 2017-02-03.
↑ Boeree, C. George. "The Origin of the Alphabet". Shippensburg University. Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original on 2016-12-04. Retrieved 2017-02-03.
↑ Arvaniti, Amalia (1999). "Standard Modern Greek" (PDF). Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 2 (29): 167–172. doi:10.1017/S0025100300006538. S2CID 145606058. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.{{cite journal}}: نگهداری یادکرد:ربات:وضعیت نامعلوم پیوند اصلی (link)
↑ Miller, D. Gary (1994-09-06). Ancient Scripts and Phonological Knowledge (انگلیسی جه). John Benjamins Publishing. pp. 54–56. ISBN 9789027276711. Archived from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
↑ Bispham, Edward (2010-03-01). Edinburgh Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome (انگلیسی جه). Edinburgh University Press. p. 482. ISBN 9780748627141. Archived from the original on 2022-02-21. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
↑ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin (illustrated ed.), New York: Oxford University Press, p. 21, ISBN 0-19-508345-8, archived from the original on 2016-11-09, retrieved 2015-12-24

انگلیسی ویکی‌پدیا.

دپیته چرخه‌تو

ویکی تلمبار دله بتونّی پرونده‌ئونی که Q خَوری دَره ره پیدا هاکنین.

لاتین خط

لاتین الفبا
Aa	Bb	Cc	Dd	Ee	Ff	Gg	Hh	Ii	Jj	Kk	Ll	Mm	Nn	Oo	Pp	Qq	Rr	Ss	Tt	Uu	Vv	Ww	Xx	Yy	Zz

[1] Travers Wood, Henry Craven Ord Lanchester, A Hebrew Grammar, 1913, p. 7. A. B. Davidson, Hebrew Primer and Grammar, 2000, p. 4 بایگانی‌شده در ۲۰۱۷-۰۲-۰۴ توسط Wayback Machine. The meaning is doubtful. "Eye of a needle" has been suggested, and also "knot" Harvard Studies in Classical Philology vol. 45.

[2] Isaac Taylor, History of the Alphabet: Semitic Alphabets, Part 1, 2003: "The old explanation, which has again been revived by Halévy, is that it denotes an 'ape,' the character Q being taken to represent an ape with its tail hanging down. It may also be referred to a Talmudic root which would signify an 'aperture' of some kind, as the 'eye of a needle,' ... Lenormant adopts the more usual explanation that the word means a 'knot'.

[:4-3] ۳٫۰ ^۳٫۱ منبع خطا: برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام :4 وارد نشده است

[4] Samuel, Stehman Haldeman (1851). Elements of Latin Pronunciation: For the Use of Students in Language, Law, Medicine, Zoology, Botany, and the Sciences Generally in which Latin Words are Used. J.B. Lippincott. p. 56. Archived from the original on 2021-08-16. Retrieved 2020-11-19.

[5] Hamilton, Gordon James (2006). The Origins of the West Semitic Alphabet in Egyptian Scripts. Catholic Biblical Association of America. ISBN 9780915170401. Archived from the original on 2022-02-21. Retrieved 2020-09-16.

[6] Woodard, Roger G. (2014-03-24). The Textualization of the Greek Alphabet. p. 303. ISBN 9781107729308. Archived from the original on 2022-02-21. Retrieved 2020-11-19.

[7] Noyer, Rolf. "Principal Sound Changes from PIE to Greek" (PDF). University of Pennsylvania Department of Linguistics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-02-04. Retrieved 2017-02-03.

[8] Boeree, C. George. "The Origin of the Alphabet". Shippensburg University. Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original on 2016-12-04. Retrieved 2017-02-03.

[9] Arvaniti, Amalia (1999). "Standard Modern Greek" (PDF). Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 2 (29): 167–172. doi:10.1017/S0025100300006538. S2CID 145606058. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.{{cite journal}}: نگهداری یادکرد:ربات:وضعیت نامعلوم پیوند اصلی (link)

[10] Miller, D. Gary (1994-09-06). Ancient Scripts and Phonological Knowledge (انگلیسی جه). John Benjamins Publishing. pp. 54–56. ISBN 9789027276711. Archived from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2020-11-19.

[11] Bispham, Edward (2010-03-01). Edinburgh Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome (انگلیسی جه). Edinburgh University Press. p. 482. ISBN 9780748627141. Archived from the original on 2022-02-21. Retrieved 2020-11-19.

[12] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin (illustrated ed.), New York: Oxford University Press, p. 21, ISBN 0-19-508345-8, archived from the original on 2016-11-09, retrieved 2015-12-24

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Q

تاریخچه

منابع

دپیته چرخه‌تو

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