直到19世纪,桑塔利语都没有书面语,所有知识都以口耳相传代代相授。欧洲人对印度语言的研究兴趣催生了首次对桑塔利语进行记录的努力,1860年代前欧洲人类学家、民俗学家和传教士,包括A. R. Campbell, Lars Skrefsrud和Paul Bodding等人的尝试有孟加拉文、奥里亚文和拉丁字母,他们创造出许多桑塔利语字典、民间故事集,以及对该语言形态、句法和音系的研究。
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