盖格人

盖格人
Gegët
盖格人; Gegët
	普雷克·卡利（英语：Prek Cali），盖格人凯尔门迪（英语：Kelmendi (tribe)）部落的领袖
總人口
	未知
分佈地區
	北阿尔巴尼亚（英语：Northern Albania）（盖格里亚）、科索沃、北马其顿、黑山
語言
	盖格方言（英语：Gheg Albanian）
宗教信仰
	伊斯兰教（逊尼派）、基督教（天主教）

盖格人（阿爾巴尼亞語：Gegët）是阿尔巴尼亚人的两个主要族群之一，另一个是托斯克人，他们在文化、方言、社会和宗教特征上存在一些小的差异。盖格人分布在阿尔巴尼亚北部（什昆宾河以北地区）、科索沃、北马其顿、塞尔维亚和黑山。盖格人讲盖格方言（英语：Gheg Albanian），这是阿尔巴尼亚语的两大方言之一（另一种是托斯克方言）。盖格人的社会组织传统上是部落制的，存在几个不同的盖格部落群体^[1]。

15世纪初，奥斯曼帝国征服并统治了托斯克人居住的南部地区，而盖格人居住的领土则在20世纪初才受到奥斯曼帝国常规行政管理的影响。因此，盖格人的发展与托斯克人相对隔绝。同样，盖格人的伊斯兰化也不完全，阿尔巴尼亚西北部仍有大量天主教徒。由于盖格部落（英语：Albanian tribes）在阿尔巴尼亚北部的抵抗更为顽强，奥斯曼帝国未能完全征服这些部落。为此，奥斯曼帝国实施拜拉克塔尔体系，授予拜拉克塔尔（旗首）一些特权，以换取他们动员地方武装支持奥斯曼军队的军事行动^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]。

参考文献

^ Piotr Eberhardt. Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe: History, Data, and Analysis. M.E. Sharpe. January 2003: 433 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-0-7656-1833-7. The Albanians comprise two ethnic subgroups: the Ghegs, who generally occupy the area north of the Shkumbin river; and the Tosks, most of whom live south of the river.
^ Barringer, Herbert. Social Change in Developing Areas: A Reinterpretation of Evolutionary Theory. Schenkman Publishing Company. 1965: 214 [15 March 2020].
^ Monika Shehi. When East Meets West: Examining Classroom Discourse at the Albanian Socio-political Intersection. 2007: 43 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-0-549-12813-7. There were and there remain distinct cultural and linguistic differences between Albanian Ghegs and Tosks ^{[永久失效連結]}
^ Hugh Poulton; Suha. Taji Faruqi. Muslim Identity and the Balkan State. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. January 1997: 117 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-1-85065-276-2. the two ethnic sub-groups to which Albanians actually belong: the Ghegs in the north and the Tosks in the south... The Ghegs and Tosks differ from each other in linguistic, historical-cultural and socio-religious character.
^ Richard C. Frucht. Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. 2005: 698 [15 July 2013]. ISBN 978-1-57607-800-6. Thus the Tosks and the Ghegs evolved virtually in isolation until Albania obtained its independence.

[Eberhardt2003-1] Piotr Eberhardt. Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe: History, Data, and Analysis. M.E. Sharpe. January 2003: 433 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-0-7656-1833-7. The Albanians comprise two ethnic subgroups: the Ghegs, who generally occupy the area north of the Shkumbin river; and the Tosks, most of whom live south of the river.

[Barringer-2] Barringer, Herbert. Social Change in Developing Areas: A Reinterpretation of Evolutionary Theory. Schenkman Publishing Company. 1965: 214 [15 March 2020].

[Shehi2007-3] Monika Shehi. When East Meets West: Examining Classroom Discourse at the Albanian Socio-political Intersection. 2007: 43 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-0-549-12813-7. There were and there remain distinct cultural and linguistic differences between Albanian Ghegs and Tosks ^{[永久失效連結]}

[PoultonFaruqi1997-4] Hugh Poulton; Suha. Taji Faruqi. Muslim Identity and the Balkan State. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. January 1997: 117 [13 July 2013]. ISBN 978-1-85065-276-2. the two ethnic sub-groups to which Albanians actually belong: the Ghegs in the north and the Tosks in the south... The Ghegs and Tosks differ from each other in linguistic, historical-cultural and socio-religious character.

[Frucht2005-5] Richard C. Frucht. Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. 2005: 698 [15 July 2013]. ISBN 978-1-57607-800-6. Thus the Tosks and the Ghegs evolved virtually in isolation until Albania obtained its independence.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

盖格人

参考文献

Portal di Ensiklopedia Dunia