《自由君主的真正法律》(中文譯名又作《自由君主制的真正法則》[注 1],英語:The True Law of Free Monarchies; or, The Reciprocal and Mutual Duty Betwixt a Free King and His Natural Subjects,蘇格蘭語原題:The Trve Lawe of free Monarchies: Or, The Reciprock and Mvtvall Dvtie Betwixt a free King, and his naturall Subiectes),英國政治書籍,由蘇格蘭斯圖亞特王朝國王詹姆斯六世(即英格蘭國王詹姆斯一世)所撰。1598年,時任蘇格蘭國王的詹姆斯在平定連串叛亂後,寫成本書,以闡述君權神授思想,目的在於鞏固君權。本書與《國王的天賦能力》(Basilikon Doron)均被視為詹姆斯政治思想的重要著作。
1598年詹姆士寫成本書,在愛丁堡出版,其後在倫敦曾重印最少四次。1616年,本書被收錄在詹姆斯的文集當中。在現代,標準的版本有James Craigie主編的《Minor Prose Works of King James VI and I》收錄了《自由君主的真正法律》,在1982年愛丁堡出版。[3]此外有Johann P. Sommerville主編的《King James VI and I - Political Writings》亦收錄了本書,在1994年由劍橋大學出版社出版。2003年,中國政法大學出版社獲得劍橋大學出版社的許可,影印出版了《國王詹姆斯政治著作選》。[4]
^原文:When ye shall fall in purpose with any that shall praise or excuse the by-past rebellions that brake foorth either in this countrey, or in any other, ye shall herewith bee armed against their Sirene songs, laying their particular examples to the square of these grounds.
^原文:And among others, no Commonwealth, that euer hath bene since the beginning, hath had greater need of the trew knowledge of this ground, then this our so long disordered, and distracted Common-wealth hath: the misknowledge hereof being the onely spring, from whence haue flowed so many endlesse calamities, miseries, and confusions.
^原文:As any of our seditious preachers in these daies of whatsoeuer religion, either in this countrey or in France.
^And I trust at this time whole France acknowledgeth the superstitious rebellion of the liguers, who vpon pretence of heresie, by force of armes held so long out, to the great desolation of their whole countrey, their natiue and righteous king from possessing of his owne crowne and naturall kingdome.
^原文:I onely lay downe herein the trew grounds, to teach you the right-way, without wasting time vpon refuting the aduersaries.
^原文:Alleageance of the people to their lawfull king, their obedience, I say, ought to be to him, as to Gods Lieutenant in earth, obeying his commands in all thing, except directly against God.
^原文:For albeit it be trew that I haue at length prooued, that the King is aboue the law, as both the author and giuer of strength thereto; yet a good king will not onely delight to rule his subiects by the lawe, but euen will conforme himselfe in his owne actions thereuneto, alwaies keeping that ground, that the health of the common-wealth be his chiefe law.
引用來源
^Edited by John Morrill: The Oxford Illustrated History of Tudor & Stuart Britain, p.340. Oxford University Press Inc., New York;《國王詹姆斯政治著作選》(King James VI and I - Political Writings),中國政治大學出版社,xxix-xxx。
^散見於《自由君主的真正法律》(The Trew Law of free Monarchies: Or, The Reciprock and Mvtvall Dvtie Betwixt a free King, and his naturall Subiectes),收錄於《國王詹姆斯政治著作選》(King James VI and I - Political Writings),中國政治大學出版社,62─84頁。
^《國王詹姆斯政治著作選》(King James VI and I - Political Writings),中國政治大學出版社,xvii,282頁注第268。
^《國王詹姆斯政治著作選》(King James VI and I - Political Writings),中國政治大學出版社。