Simbolisme
"Sang Kematian dan Penggali Kubur" (k. 1895) oleh Carlos Schwabe, pelukis Jerman-Swiss. | |
| Tahun aktif | sejak 1860-an |
|---|---|
| Negara | Prancis, Belgia, Rusia, dll |
| Figur besar | Charles Baudelaire, Stéphane Mallarmé, Paul Verlaine |
| Dipengaruhi | Romantisisme, Parnassianisme, Dekaden |
Simbolisme adalah salah satu aliran/gerakan terbesar dalam sastra dan seni (lukisan, musik, teater), ditandai dengan eksperimen, penggunaan simbol, sindiran, kiasan, gambar misterius dan penuh teka-teki, tidak seperti realisme dan naturalisme. Simbolisme berasal dari Prancis pada tahun 1860–1880-an (pelopornya ialah penyair Charles Baudelaire).[1][2]

Tokoh-tokoh di Prancis, kecuali Charles Baudelaire, adalah Arthur Rimbaud, Edgar Maxence, Eugène Carrière, Henri Fantin-Latour, Jules Laforgue, Odilon Redon, Paul Claudel, Paul Valéry, Paul Verlaine, Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, dan Stéphane Mallarmé. Di Belgia: Emile Verhaeren serta Maurice Maeterlinck. Di Jerman: Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Para tokoh Rusia adalah Alexander Blok, Alexander Skriabin, Andrei Bely, Fyodor Sologub, Mikhail Vrubel, Valery Bryusov, dan Vyacheslav Ivanov.[2]
Rujukan
- ^ Olds, Marshal C. "Literary Symbolism", originally published (as Chapter 14) in A Companion to Modernist Literature and Culture, ed. by David Bradshaw and Kevin J. H. Dettmar. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2006. P. 155–162.
- ^ a b "Symbolism". Encyclopædia Britannica. Diakses tanggal 20-02-2023.
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