Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

List of political ideologies

In political science, a political ideology is a certain set of ethical ideals, principles, doctrines, myths or symbols of a social movement, institution, class or large group that explains how society should work and offers some political and cultural blueprint for a certain social order. A political ideology largely concerns itself with how to allocate power and to what ends it should be used. Some political parties follow a certain ideology very closely while others may take broad inspiration from a group of related ideologies without specifically embracing any one of them. An ideology's popularity is partly due to the influence of moral entrepreneurs, who sometimes act in their own interests. Political ideologies have two dimensions: (1) goals: how society should be organized; and (2) methods: the most appropriate way to achieve this goal.

An ideology is a collection of ideas. Typically, each ideology contains certain ideas on what it considers to be the best form of government (e.g. autocracy or democracy) and the best economic system (e.g. capitalism or socialism). The same word is sometimes used to identify both an ideology and one of its main ideas. For instance, socialism may refer to an economic system, or it may refer to an ideology that supports that economic system. The same term may also refer to multiple ideologies, which is why political scientists try to find consensus definitions for these terms. For example, while the terms have been conflated at times, communism has come in common parlance and in academics to refer to Soviet-type regimes and Marxist–Leninist ideologies, whereas socialism has come to refer to a wider range of differing ideologies which are most often distinct from Marxism–Leninism.[1]

Political ideology is a term fraught with problems, having been called "the most elusive concept in the whole of social science".[2] While ideologies tend to identify themselves by their position on the political spectrum (such as the left, the centre or the right), they can be distinguished from political strategies (e.g. populism as it is commonly defined) and from single issues around which a party may be built (e.g. civil libertarianism and support or opposition to European integration), although either of these may or may not be central to a particular ideology. Several studies show that political ideology is heritable within families.[3][4][5][6][7]

The following list is strictly alphabetical and attempts to divide the ideologies found in practical political life into several groups, with each group containing ideologies that are related to each other. The headers refer to the names of the best-known ideologies in each group. The names of the headers do not necessarily imply some hierarchical order or that one ideology evolved out of the other. Instead, they are merely noting that the ideologies in question are practically, historically, and ideologically related to each other. As such, one ideology can belong to several groups and there is sometimes considerable overlap between related ideologies. The meaning of a political label can also differ between countries and political parties often subscribe to a combination of ideologies.

Anarchism

Anarchy symbol
Political internationals

Classical

Post-classical

Contemporary

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Oceanian

Authoritarianism

General

Other

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Communitarianism

General

Other

Regional variants

Communism

Political internationals

Authoritarian

Leninism

Marxism–Leninism

Libertarian

An Anarchist A laid over a Communist Hammer and sickle.

Marxism

Other

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Oceanian

Conservatism

Political internationals

General

Reactionary

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

United States

Asian

European

Oceanian

Corporatism

General

Other

Religious variants

Regional variants

Western Europe

Democracy

General

Other

Direct democracy movements

Pirate politics

Pirate politics
IdeologyAnti-corruption
Civil libertarianism
Civil rights
Direct democracy
E-democracy
Participatory democracy
Social liberalism
Political internationals

Opposition

Religious variants

Christian democracy

Political internationals
General
Other

Other

Regional variants

African

Asian

American

European

Oceanian

Environmentalism

Political internationals

Bright green environmentalism

Deep green environmentalism

Light green environmentalism

Other

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Oceanian

Fascism

Political internationals

General

Other

Opposition

By country

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Oceanian

Identity politics

Political internationals

Age-related rights movements

Animal-related rights movements

Disability-related rights movements

Feminism

General

Opposition

Chronological variants

Ethnic and social variants

Religious variants

Regional variants

African
American
Asian
European
Oceanian

LGBT social movements

Men's movement

Regional variants

Self-determination movements

African-American

Indigenous peoples

Latin American

Separatist and supremacist movements

Ethnic

Black
White
Regional variants
African
American
Asian
European
Oceania

Gender

Religious variants

Student movements

General

Regional variants

Liberalism

Political internationals

General

Other

Opposition

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Oceanian

Libertarianism

Political internationals

Left-libertarianism

Right-libertarianism

Other

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

United States

Asian

European

Oceanian

Nationalism

Political internationals

General

Other

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Oceanian

Unification movements

Populism

Political internationals

General

Left-wing populism

Right-wing populism

Other

Regional variants

African

Asian

American

European

Oceanian

Progressivism

Political internationals

General

Other

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

Religio-political ideologies

Political internationals

General

Political atheism and agnosticism

Political Baháʼí Faith

Political Buddhism

Political Christianity

Political Confucianism

Political Hinduism

Political indigenous religions

Political Islam

Political Judaism

Political Neopaganism

Political Shinto

Political Sikhism

Political Taoism

Political Zoroastrianism

Satirical and anti-politics

General

Other

Religious variants

Regional variants

Social democracy

Political internationals

General

Other

Opposition

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Oceanian

Socialism

Political internationals

General

Authoritarian

Libertarian

Other

Opposition

Religious variants

Regional variants

African

American

Asian

European

Oceanian

Syndicalism

Political internationals

General

Other

Opposition

Regional variants

Transhumanism

Political internationals

General

Other

Regional variants

See also

References

  1. ^ Roberts, Andrew (2004). The State of Socialism: A Note on Terminology. Cambridge University Press. 63 (2). 349–366.
  2. ^ D. McLellan, Ideology, University of Minnesota Press, 1986, p. 1.
  3. ^ Bouchard, T. J.; McGue, M. (2003). "Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences". Journal of Neurobiology. 54 (1). 44–45.
  4. ^ Eaves, L. J.; Eysenck, H. J. (1974). "Genetics and the development of social attitudes". Nature. 249, 288–289.
  5. ^ Hatemi, P. K.; Medland, S. E.; Morley, K. I.; Heath, A. C.; Martin, N. G. (2007). "The genetics of voting: An Australian twin study". Behavior Genetics. 37 (3). 435–448.
  6. ^ Hatemi, P. K.; Hibbing, J.; Alford, J.; Martin, N.; Eaves, L. (2009). "Is there a 'party' in your genes?". Political Research Quarterly. 62 (3). 584–600.
  7. ^ Settle, J. E.; Dawes, C. T.; Fowler, J. H. (2009). "The heritability of partisan attachment". Political Research Quarterly. 62 (3). 601–613.
Baca informasi lainnya:

Stream TV Stato  Italia Tipologia Piattaforma via cavoPiattaforma satellitare Trasmissione Pay TV Editore Stream S.p.A. Gruppo News Corporation (50%)Telecom Italia (50%) Data di lancio giugno 1996[1] Data di chiusura 31 luglio 2003 Sostituita da Sky Italia Sede principale Roma Nº abbonati 820.000 (1º ottobre 2002, [2]) Slogan «La TV cavo e satellite.»[3] (fino al 1999)«La Teleindipendenza.»[4] (dal 1999 al 2000)«La TV delle grandi passioni.» Sito stre…

Dianne Reeves dalam acara Boston Pops, 1 Juni 2007 Dianne Reeves (lahir 23 Oktober 1956) adalah penyanyi jazz asal Amerika Serikat, terkenal karena kemampuan menyanyi panggungnya yang sama baiknya dengan yang ada di albumnya. Dia adalah salah satu penyanyi penting dalam dunia jazz. Saat ini dia tinggal di Denver, Colorado, Amerika Serikat. Pranala luar (Inggris) Situs web resmi (Inggris) (Prancis) Interview Video Dianne Reeves di Bamboo-music.com - English & French versions Diarsipkan 2012-0…

2004 novel by John Grisham The Last Juror First edition coverAuthorJohn GrishamCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreLegal thriller novelPublisherDoubledayPublication date2004Media typeHardcover, PaperbackISBN0-385-51043-8 The Last Juror is a 2004 legal thriller novel by John Grisham, first published by Doubleday on February 3, 2004.[1] Plot introduction The story is set in the fictional town of Clanton, Mississippi from 1970 to 1979. Clanton is also the venue for John Grisham's f…

Clusonecomune Clusone – VedutaVeduta invernale LocalizzazioneStato Italia Regione Lombardia Provincia Bergamo AmministrazioneSindacoMassimo Morstabilini[1] (lista civica) dal 22-9-2020 TerritorioCoordinate45°53′21.12″N 9°56′53.88″E / 45.8892°N 9.9483°E45.8892; 9.9483 (Clusone)Coordinate: 45°53′21.12″N 9°56′53.88″E / 45.8892°N 9.9483°E45.8892; 9.9483 (Clusone) Altitudine648 m s.l.m. Superfic…

Kereta api Kedung SepurKS Kereta api Kedung Sepur saat berada di Stasiun NgromboInformasi umumJenis layananKereta api lokalStatusBeroperasiDaerah operasiDaerah Operasi IV SemarangMulai beroperasi28 September 2014Operator saat iniKereta Api IndonesiaLintas pelayananStasiun awalSemarang PoncolJumlah pemberhentianLihatlah di bawahStasiun akhirNgromboWaktu tempuh rerata1 jam 43 menit (rata-rata)Frekuensi perjalananDua kali pulang pergi dalam sehariJenis relRel beratPelayanan penumpangFasilitas obser…

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. Fire from the HeartlandSutradaraStephen K. BannonProduserDavid N. BossieStephen K. BannonDitulis olehStephen K. BannonPemeranMichele BachmannDeneen BorelliAnn CoulterS. E. CuppDana LoeschCynthia LummisPenata musikDavid CebertSinematograferMatthew A…

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Januari 2023. Real Tonga IATA ICAO Kode panggil RLT Real Tonga Didirikan2013PenghubungBandar Udara Internasional FuaʻamotuTujuan6SloganOur Kingdom AirlineKantor pusatNuku'alofa, TongaTokoh utamaTevita Palu (CEO)Situs web[1] Real Tonga adalah maskapai penerbangan yang …

Giełda Papierów Wartościowych w WarszawieJenisJoint stock companyDidirikan12 April 1991KantorpusatWarsawa, PolandiaTokohkunciLudwik Sobolewski, President, Management BoardSitus webwww.wse.com.pl Exchange Centre, gedung tempat Bursa Saham Warsawa sejak tahun 2000 Exchange Centre pintu masuk dari Książęca Street Centre of Banking and Finance, gedung Bursa Saham tahun 1991-2000 Bursa Saham Warsawa (bahasa Inggris: Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE), Polski: Giełda Papierów Wartościowych w War…

Amichevole calcistica disputata in Russia tra veterani dello Spartak Mosca e una squadra di Severodvinsk La gara amichevole è un evento sportivo nel quale non vengono assegnati punti o riconoscimenti ufficiali.[1] Indice 1 Definizione 2 Regolamento 3 Sport individuali 4 Note 5 Voci correlate 6 Altri progetti Definizione Per quanto riguarda i club, le statistiche delle amichevoli non hanno solitamente valenza ufficiale[1]: ciò è dovuto al fatto che la disputa di esse è general…

Robin Thicke Nazionalità Stati Uniti GenereContemporary R&B[1]Pop Periodo di attività musicale2002 – in attività Album pubblicati8 Studio8 Live0 Colonne sonore0 Raccolte0 Sito ufficiale Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Robin Alan Thicke (Los Angeles, 10 marzo 1977) è un cantautore e produttore discografico statunitense. Interprete di grandi successi internazionali tra cui Blurred Lines e Lost Without U, nonché autore di brani per artisti come C…

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang Filmnya. Untuk novel aslinya, lihat The Trench (novel). Meg 2: The TrenchPoster rilis teaterSutradaraBen WheatleyProduser Lorenzo di Bonaventura Belle Avery Skenario Jon Hoeber Erich Hoeber Dean Georgaris Cerita Dean Georgaris Jon Hoeber Erich Hoeber BerdasarkanThe Trencholeh Steve AltenPemeran Jason Statham Wu Jing Sophia Cai Page Kennedy Sergio Peris-Mencheta Skyler Samuels Cliff Curtis Penata musikHarry Gregson-WilliamsSinematograferHaris ZambarloukosP…

Sophus Nielsen Sophus Nielsen di Olimpiade Musim Panas 1912Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Sophus Erhard NielsenTanggal lahir (1888-03-15)15 Maret 1888Tempat lahir Kopenhagen, DenmarkTanggal meninggal 6 Agustus 1963(1963-08-06) (umur 75)Tempat meninggal Kopenhagen, DenmarkPosisi bermain PenyerangKarier junior Concordia1898–1902 Stjernen1902–1904 BK FremKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)1904–1912 BK Frem 1910–1911 Holstein Kiel 18 (72)1916–1921 BK Frem 137 (125)Tim nasional1908–1…

Jalur LingkarKereta S7 di Wood Lane, menuju ke Hammersmith.IkhtisarJenisBawah tanahSistemLondon UndergroundStasiun36Penumpang114.6 juta (2011/12)[a][1] perjalanan penumpangColour on mapKuningSitus webtfl.gov.ukOperasiDibukaMulai dibuka antara 1863 dan 1884, jalur dipisah di peta sejak 1949.OperatorTransport for LondonDepoHammersmithRangkaianS Stock (7 kereta per rangkaian)Data teknisPanjang lintas27 km (17 mi)Lebar sepur4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1.435 mm)…

AwardUttam Jeevan Raksha PadakRibbon of the medalTypeCivilian Lifesaving awardDescription₹1,50,000 cash award lump-sum monetary allowance[1]CountryIndiaPresented byGovernment of IndiaRibbonRed with blue edges and two thin central green stripesObverseOpen handReverseEmblem of IndiaEstablished30 September 1961PrecedenceNext (higher) Vishisht Seva MedalNext (lower) Wound Medal← Jeevan Raksha Padak, Class II. The Uttam Jeevan Raksha Padak is a civilian lifesaving award…

Israeli TV series or program Yitzhak Rabin: A BiographyDirected byBen ShaniCountry of originIsraelOriginal languageHebrew with English subtitlesProductionRunning time100 min.Original releaseRelease2004 (2004) Yitzhak Rabin: A Biography is a 2004 two-part documentary film that tells the life story of the former Israeli Prime Minister and Nobel Laureate, Yitzhak Rabin. The documentary offers interviews with Rabin's fellow politicians and family members. Their insights along with historic film…

Untuk tempat di Indonesia, lihat Malabo, Tanduk Kalua, Mamasa. MalaboMalaboLokasi Malabo di Pulau Bioko, Guinea KhatulistiwaKoordinat: 3°45′7.43″N 8°46′25.32″E / 3.7520639°N 8.7737000°E / 3.7520639; 8.7737000Negara Equatorial GuineaProvinsiProvinsi Bioko NorteDibentuk1827 (sebagai Santa Isabel)Nama sekarangSejak 1973Ketinggian0 m (0 ft)Populasi • Total50.000Zona waktuUTC+1 (WAT) Pusat Kota Malabo Malabo (sebelumnya bernama Santa Isab…

Yakuza group and drug cartel based in Kyushu Dojin-kaiDaimon of Dojin-kaiFounding locationKurume, Fukuoka, JapanYears activeSince 1971Membership (est.)760AlliesKudo-kai, Sinaloa cartel, Taishu-kai, Kumamoto-kai)[1]RivalsThe Namikawa-kai and the Yamaguchi-gumi The Dojin-kai (道仁会, Dōjin-kai) is a yakuza organization headquartered in Kurume, Fukuoka, on the Kyushu island of Japan,[2] a designated yakuza syndicate,[3] with approximately 760 members.[4]…

Ontario Lacus. Ontario Lacus adalah danau yang terdiri dari metana, etana, dan propana di Titan. Cirinya sebagai danau hidrokarbon telah dikonfirmasi[1] melalui pengamatan dari pesawat Cassini. Danau ini memiliki luas sebesar 15.000 kilometer persegi. Danau ini memiliki diameter sebesar 235 km. Catatan kaki ^ NASA Confirms Liquid Lake On Saturn Moon. NASA. 2007-07-30. Diakses tanggal 2007-07-30.  Pranala luar NASA/JPL videos describing recent discoveries about Ontario Lacus Staff (2…

Bucoli terletak di barat laut Subdistrik Baucau, di pesisir Distrik Baucau (perbatasan antara 2003 dan 2015) Bucoli adalah sebuah suco (kotamadya) di Subdistrik Baucau, Distrik Baucau, Timor Leste.[1] 85% penduduk di Bucoli menggunakan bahasa Waimoa sebagai bahasa ibu mereka.[2][3][4][5] Bucoli adalah rumah bagi pejuang gerilya Vicente dos Reis dan memiliki status simbolis dalam nasionalisme Timor Leste.[6] Persatuan Nasional Pemberontakan Timor (P…

Ini adalah nama Batak Karo, marganya adalah Ginting Suka. Jamin Ginting Panglima Komando Daerah Militer I/Bukit BarisanMasa jabatan1956–1961 PendahuluMaludin SimbolonPenggantiAbdul Manaf Lubis Informasi pribadiLahir(1921-01-12)12 Januari 1921Suka, Karolanden, Keresidenan Sumatera Timur, Hindia BelandaMeninggal23 Oktober 1974(1974-10-23) (umur 53)Ottawa, KanadaPartai politikGolkarSuami/istriLikas br. TariganAnakRiemenda J. GintingRiahna J. GintingSertamin J. GintingSerianna J. GintingEnder…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya