The Oprah Winfrey Network (OWN) is an American multinational basic cabletelevision network which launched on January 1, 2011, effectively replacing the Discovery Health Channel. OWN (also known as the “OWN Network”) is a joint venture between Warner Bros. Discovery and Harpo Studios, conceptualized largely by popular talkshow host, Oprah Winfrey—the name of Harpo Studios is Winfrey’s first name, spelled backwards.[1]
The network is spearheaded by television personality (and namesake) Oprah Winfrey and features entertainment, self-help and lifestyle specials aimed at not only African American audiences but female viewers, in general. As well as featuring various programs surrounding celebrities, self-awareness, therapy, and spirituality, the OWN network also airs reruns of talkshow programming from the Harpo Studios library, such as archived episodes of The Oprah Winfrey Show (1986-2011).
Initially a 50/50 joint venture, Discovery acquired a larger stake in the network in 2017 and again in December 2020, when Discovery increased its ownership in OWN from 73% to 95%. Harpo remains a "significant" minority stakeholder, and Winfrey is contracted with the channel through (at least) 2025.
As of February 2015, OWN is available to approximately 81.9 million pay television households (70.3% of households with television) in the United States.[2]
History
Development
After becoming Discovery Communications' new CEO in 2007, David Zaslav found Discovery Health to be underperforming along with its other digital cable networks launched in the last decade, and taking in significantly lower carriage fees in comparison to the company's namesake, Discovery Channel. As a result, he began to explore the possibility of re-launching the channel as a joint venture with another partner. Zaslav's wife was an avid reader of Oprah Winfrey's O magazine (a joint venture with Hearst Corporation); believing that her values could serve as the basis for a cable network, he contacted Winfrey's agents to hold a meeting in April 2007.[3] On January 15, 2008, Discovery Communications officially announced that it had entered into a joint venture with Winfrey's studio Harpo Productions, under which it would re-launch Discovery Health as "OWN: The Oprah Winfrey Network", in the second half of 2009.[3][4]
Winfrey would serve as the chairwoman of the channel, which was expected to deal in factual programming oriented towards her personal philosophy of "living your best life"; this would include topics such as health, love, parenting, and spirituality. Discovery provided $100 million in funding, and Harpo provided access to its library and Winfrey's website, Oprah.com.[3] As it was still under contract with CBS Television Distribution through May 2011, her existing syndicated talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show was not expected to air on OWN, but there was a possibility that a spiritual continuation or successor to the program could air on OWN in the future.[3]
Winfrey and her long-time partner Stedman Graham had discussed the idea of forming her own channel as early as 1992. After Winfrey demonstrated discontent over "confrontational" talk shows on television, Graham suggested that she should form an "Oprah Winfrey Network" if she were dissatisfied with the current state of television.[3] OWN was not Winfrey's first cable television venture, having been co-founder of the women's cable network Oxygen. However, her involvement was limited to being an investor and eventually offering it an after-show component, Oprah After the Show, after deciding not to offer her reruns to the network; Winfrey distanced herself from Oxygen when discussing OWN, stressing the importance of actually having influence over programming when participating in such ventures.[3][4]
Delays and launch
In November 2008, Zaslav stated that Winfrey had planned to not renew her contract with CBS for The Oprah Winfrey Show beyond the 2010–11 season, and that the show could move to OWN in some form following the end of the syndicated run. Harpo Productions denied the report, stating that Winfrey "has not made a final decision as to whether she will continue her show in syndication beyond [2011]".[5] The development of OWN was affected by internal conflicts, as well as Winfrey's continued commitment to her talk show. Its launch was pushed back from its originally-announced target of 2009 to an unspecified date. Zaslav pressured Oprah into moving her talk show to the channel, believing that it could boost its business.[3]
In November 2009, Lisa Erspamer—a Harpo executive who had been a co-executive producer of The Oprah Winfrey Show since 2006—was named chief creative officer of OWN.[3] Due to her history of working with Winfrey, the appointment of Erspamer was seen as having stabilized OWN's development: network CEO Christina Norman described Erspamer's arrival as being an "injection of Oprah's DNA" into the upcoming channel.[3][6] Later on November 20, Winfrey officially announced that The Oprah Winfrey Show would conclude in 2011, after its 25th and final season.[7] With the end of her talk show, Winfrey's commitments with Discovery were revised; a commitment for Winfrey to host a talk show on OWN and appear in at least 35 hours of programming per-year, was replaced with a commitment to appear in at least 70 hours of programming per-year, including Oprah's Next Chapter—a primetime interview series hosted by Winfrey.[3]
The official launch of OWN was set for January 1, 2011, so that it would occur while Oprah's talk show was still on the air. Plans now called for at least 600 hours of original programming in 2011, as well as acquired and library programming (including reruns of The Oprah Winfrey Show later in the year, and Dr. Phil); although Winfrey did make appearances in some of the programming aired on-launch (such as Oprah's Master Class), her involvement was expected to increase following the end of The Oprah Winfrey Show.[3] After the launch of OWN, Discovery Health's programming was merged into another Discovery-owned channel, FitTV—which rebranded as Discovery Fit & Health a month later on February 1, 2011.[8][9] It was subsequently re-branded again as Discovery Life in 2015.[10]
Early struggles, targeting African Americans
During its first year of operation, OWN struggled to build an audience and viewership,[11] with most of its programs being low-rated besides Our America with Lisa Ling (the first OWN program to be renewed for a second season), and Season 25: Oprah Behind The Scenes. Its average viewership was 135,000 during its second month on air, which was lower than that of Discovery Health.[12][13] Norman defended the network's ratings, stating that first-run broadcasts of its original series were drawing larger audiences than those of Discovery Health, and that Discovery's goal was to improve OWN's monthly audience to between 50 and 60 million viewers by the end of the year.[12] In March 2011, the channel modified its schedule to only have three original nights of primetime programming per-week, moving Oprah Behind The Scenes to Sunday nights alongside Oprah's Master Class.[13]
On May 6, 2011, OWN's CEO Christina Norman was removed, and replaced by Discovery executive Peter Liguori as an interim CEO.[14] In July, Winfrey assumed the role of CEO, and named Sheri Salata as a co-president.[6] As of September 2011, Discovery had invested $254 million in programming for OWN.[15] The October 2011 premiere of Welcome to Sweetie Pie's brought notable gains to the fledgling channel: it was the network's highest-rated series to date, and boosted OWN's average primetime viewership to 216,000. The show was especially popular among African American audiences, which prompted OWN's executives to factor this demographic into its programming decisions and advertising sales going forward.[15] October 16 saw the premiere of a new Sunday program, Super Soul Sunday, which would include features and segments that "present an array of perspectives on what it means to be alive in today's world."[16]
The Rosie Show—a talk show hosted by another formerly-syndicated personality, Rosie O'Donnell—also premiered in October, to an average of 497,000 viewers (along with an additional million via a simulcast across sister channels Discovery Fit & Health, Investigation Discovery, Planet Green, and TLC).[17] By November, its ratings had fallen to an average of 171,000 nightly viewers.[18] In January 2012, an attempt was made to retool the program by hiring Shane Farley (producer of the syndicated Rosie O'Donnell Show), and giving it a smaller, more intimate studio.[6][19][20] However, viewership was still low, and the series was cancelled in March 2012.[21]
During its first year of operations, OWN's average primetime audience was 264,000 viewers. This was only slightly higher than the average primetime audience of 216,000 the channel had as Discovery Health.[6] On January 26, 2012, Lisa Erspamer resigned from OWN; she was replaced in the interim by veteran Discovery executive and former TLC vice president Rita Mullin.[6] A March 2012 Oprah's Next Chapter interview with Whitney Houston's daughter Bobbi Kristina Brown and her family (following Houston's death in February) became OWN's highest-rated single program to date, with 3.5 million viewers.[22]
The channel's losses were estimated to be $330 million as of May 2012.[23] Discovery responded by raising the channel's retransmission consent fee (OWN was provided to cable providers effectively for free for its first two years on air) to a level more in line with other basic cable channels, a move that the company expected to allow the channel to break even in late-2013.[24]
On September 15, 2012, OWN premiered Iyanla: Fix My Life—a reality series starring Iyanla Vanzant. It attracted critical acclaim and a large audience; its two-night premiere event was seen by 1.1 and 1.6 million total viewers respectively. The Sunday-night airing was the third-highest-rated program of the night across ad-supported cable networks, and was the highest-rated program of the night among women 18-49 and African American women 25–54.[25][26][27]
Tyler Perry development deal, expansion into scripted programming
By October 2012, OWN had seen increases in audience share, especially among women in the key demographic.[28] That month, OWN also announced a planned expansion into scripted programming by means of an exclusive, multi-year development deal with Tyler Perry—a long-time friend of Winfrey.[28] Perry's first two productions for OWN—the primetime soap operaThe Haves and the Have Nots, and the sitcom Love Thy Neighbor—premiered on May 28 and 29, 2013 respectively.[29] The two-hour series premiere of The Haves and the Have Nots overtook Life with La Toya (1.18 million) as OWN's highest-rated series premiere to date, with the first episode attracting 1.77 million viewers, and growing to 1.8 million for the second.[30][31] The series continued to set viewership records for the channel, with its first-season finale drawing 2.6 million viewers, and the fifth episode of season 2 setting a network-record 3.6 million viewers.[32][33][34]
By July 2013, Discovery considered the network to be "cash flow positive".[35] In an interview with People, Winfrey revealed that in 2012, she had a nervous breakdown over the channel's performance. Jason Russell had brought up the condition during an interview they were filming, which made Winfrey realize she was experiencing similar symptoms. She explained that "after 25 years of being number one, I had become accustomed to success. I didn't expect failure. I was tested and I had to dig deep", and that the scenario "forced me not to just talk the talk. Failure is a great teacher. I knew this intellectually. But it's another thing if you're living it.".[11]
In May 2016, Sheri Salata stepped down as co-president to launch a new "brand innovation" agency (although Winfrey and OWN were expected to be among her first clients). This left Erik Logan as sole president of the network.[36] The June 2016 premiere of Greenleaf was OWN's highest-rated series premiere to date, with 3.04 million viewers.[37]Queen Sugar also premiered later in September to acclaim, with both series ranking among the top 5 ad-supported drama series on cable among women 25–54.[27]
In July 2017, Tyler Perry signed a new film and television/short form development deal with Viacom for future productions (particularly on BET) through 2024;[27] the film deal began immediately, while the television/short form deal will begin after the end of his pact with OWN in May 2019. OWN stated that Perry's series would continue to air on the network through at least 2020, and that it would "continue to aggressively expand its roster of premium original scripted series."[27][38]
In December 2017, Discovery announced that it would acquire an additional 24.5% stake in OWN that it did not already own, for $70 million, with Harpo remaining as a significant minority shareholder, and Winfrey remaining CEO. Winfrey also extended her exclusivity agreement with the network and Discovery through 2025.[39] In April 2018, OWN ordered two new series from Will Packer—the drama Ambitions and the dating show Ready to Love.[40] In July 2018, Winfrey signed a non-exclusive, multi-platform content deal with Apple Inc.; it is not expected to affect her role at OWN.[41]
Wired considered OWN to have had a "major stake" in the push towards more diverse portrayals of African Americans in television, while Iyanla Vanzant argued that OWN had been "celebrating the unseen" among African Americans with shows that "give the minds of the viewers a different interpretation than the one that's often put out in the world."[27]
In October 2018, network president Erik Logan announced that he would step down at the end of the year to pursue a job as head of content for the World Surf League. He will be succeeded by Tina Perry, who had worked business and legal affairs for MTV, VH1, and OWN.[42][43]
In December 2020, Discovery increased its ownership in OWN from 73% to 95% for $35 million in an all-stock deal, giving Harpo approximately 1.34 million shares in Discovery.[45]
As of March 2014, the network's programming primarily consists of marathons, with eight-hour daytime blocks airing multiple episodes of the same series, usually a different show each day. The primetime programming varies and is repeated in late night, followed by an overnight movie and a morning block of talk shows including Dr. Phil, Rachael Ray, and The Nate Berkus Show. The programming includes a mix of original programs, specials, documentaries, and acquired movies. The channel does not air infomercials.
Scripted programming
In October 2012, OWN expanded into scripted programming by announcing an exclusive development deal with Tyler Perry, beginning with The Haves and the Have Nots and Love Thy Neighbor.[29] In February 2013, OWN ordered a third season of Perry's canceled TBS sitcom For Better or Worse.[47] In January 2014, OWN ordered another drama from Perry, If Loving You Is Wrong, which was adapted from Perry's feature film The Single Moms Club.[48][49] In February 2015, OWN ordered new seasons of For Better Or Worse, The Haves and the Have Nots, If Loving You Is Wrong, and Love Thy Neighbor.[50] In November 2017, OWN announced premiere dates for The Paynes (a spin-off of Perry's TBS sitcom Tyler Perry's House of Payne), as well as the fifth and fourth seasons of The Haves and the Have Nots and If Loving You Is Wrong.[51]
In July 2017, Queen Sugar was renewed for a third season, and Harpo Films signed DuVernay to a first-look television and digital media deal.[57] In August 2017, OWN also ordered Tarell Alvin McCraney's David Makes Man, a coming-of-age drama set in South Florida.[58][59] McCraney stated that he was given offers by other outlets such as Netflix, but that Winfrey (who had made a surprise visit when he visited the network to pitch the series) "from the start was wanting to open the story up and understand what it was about".[27]
On August 20, 2021, it was reported that OWN was in negotiations to pick up the canceled CBS legal drama All Rise.[61] On September 29, 2021, the series was renewed for a third season scheduled to premiere in 2022; OWN acquired linear rights, while HBO Max and Hulu jointly acquiried streaming rights.[46]
International
In Canada, the former Canadian version of Discovery Health, owned by Shaw Media, did not become a Canadian version of OWN, instead shifting to a reality-based format known as Twist TV.[62] Instead, Corus Entertainment agreed to launch a Canadian version of OWN—its existing channel Viva was re-launched as OWN on March 1, 2011.[63] During January and February 2011, selected OWN programming aired on both Viva and the co-owned W Network.[64] Both Shaw Media and Corus share common ownership interests from the J.R. Shaw family, but are considered separate companies.[65] Winfrey revealed to The New York Times that she is in final negotiations to release the channel in Brazil and Argentina.[66]
In April 2013, TLC UK began to air an OWN block.[67][68] The same programming block began airing Discovery Home & Health in Australia on August 4, 2013.[69] It was announced on September 20, 2013, that the OWN Programming Block would begin airing in South Africa on DStv beginning October 17, 2013.[70] OWN Programming Block also debuted in Poland and Russia in August and September; it also debuted on October 28, 2013, in Balkans/Romania/Bulgaria.[71]
Artikel ini bukan mengenai Pensonic. Panasonic CorporationLogo sejak tahun 1971Kantor pusat di Osaka, JepangNama asliパナソニック株式会社Nama latinPanasonikku kabushiki gaishaSebelumnya Matsushita Electric Manufacturing Works (1918–1935) Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (1935–2008) JenisPublik KKKode emitenTYO: 6752Templat:NAGMerah Muda OTC: PCRFYKomponen Nikkei 225 (TYO)Komponen TOPIX Large70 (TYO)ISINJP3866800000IndustriElektronikTeknologi informasiKonstruksiDidirikan13 M…
Indian music composer duo Nadeem SaifiShravan Rathod(a.k.a. Nadeem-Shravan)Background informationGenresSoundtrack, Bollywood, filmi, filmi-ghazal, ghazal, romantic, Indian classical, Hindustani classical musicOccupationsMusic directors, composer, music producers, singers, instrumentalistsYears active1977–2005, 2009, 2016-presentMusical artist Nadeem–Shravan are Indian music directors duo in the Bollywood film industry of India. They derive their name from the first names of Nadeem Akhtar Sai…
Paskaljević menandatangani tanda tangan pada tahun 1997 di acara Filmski susreti festival di Niš. Mihajlo Bata Paskaljević (bahasa Serbia: Михајло Бата Паскаљевић; 14 Januari 1923 – 26 Januari 2004) adalah pemeran panggung, film, dan televisi asal Serbia dan anggota tetap dair Belgrade Drama Theatre sejak tahun 1950.[1][2][3] Referensi ^ Bata Paskaljevic filmography ^ Radmila Stankovič, Живот од игре и љубави …
Bionix (BX) adalah keluarga dari kendaraan tempur lapis baja beroda rantai Singapura yang dikembangkan oleh Singapore Technologies Kinetics (sebelumnya Singapore Technologies Otomotif, yang sekarang dikenal sebagai Singapore Technologies Engineering). Dimaksudkan untuk mengganti penuaan kendaraan personel lapis baja M113 Angkatan Darat Singapura, itu adalah kendaraan lapis baja pertama untuk dikembangkan di Asia Tenggara. Bionix telah beroperasi dengan Angkatan Bersenjata Singapura (SAF) sejak t…
James H. Billington Pustakawan Kongres ke-13Masa jabatan14 September 1987 – 30 September 2015PresidenRonald ReaganGeorge H. W. BushBill ClintonGeorge W. BushBarack Obama PendahuluDaniel BoorstinPenggantiDavid Mao (Penjabat) Informasi pribadiLahirJames Hadley Billington(1929-06-01)1 Juni 1929Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, Amerika SerikatMeninggal20 November 2018(2018-11-20) (umur 89)Washington, D.C., Amerika SerikatPendidikanUniversitas Princeton (BA)Balliol College, Oxford (MA, PhD)Sun…
Irzal Ilyas Anggota DPRD Sumatera Barat Fraksi DemokratPetahanaMulai menjabat 28 Agustus 2019PresidenJoko WidodoGubernurIrwan PrayitnoAlwis (Plh.)Hamdani (Pj.)Mahyeldi AnsharullahWali Kota Solok ke-8Masa jabatan31 Agustus 2010 – 31 Agustus 2015WakilZul Elfian PendahuluSyamsu RahimPenggantiZul ElfianWakil Wali Kota Solok ke-2Masa jabatan31 Agustus 2005 – 31 Agustus 2010Wali KotaSyamsu Rahim PendahuluSabri YusniPenggantiPetahana Informasi pribadiLahir4 Januari 195…
Kota Albany, New York Albany adalah sebuah kota yang terletak di New York, adalah ibu kota negara bagian New York.[1] Kota ini terletak di tepi barat Sungai Hudson.[1] Jumlah penduduk Albany adalah 97.904 jiwa pada tahun 2012 dengan luas area 55,4 kilometer persegi.[1][2] Bersama dengan kota-kota terdekat, seperti Troy dan Schenectady, Albany membentuk Distrik Modal New York, yakni sebuah kawasan perumahan besar dan pusat bisnis.[1] Seorang navigator Inggr…
Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Luís Leal Nazionalità São Tomé e Príncipe Portogallo Altezza 176 cm Peso 76 kg Calcio Ruolo Attaccante Squadra Rotonda Carriera Giovanili 1998-2002 Sporting Lisbona2002-2006 Cova da Piedade Squadre di club1 2006-2008 Cova da Piedade? (?)2008-2009 Atlético CP29 (12)2009-2010 …
1997 World Wrestling Federation pay-per-view event Badd Blood: In Your HousePromotional poster featuring The UndertakerPromotionWorld Wrestling FederationDateOctober 5, 1997CitySt. Louis, MissouriVenueKiel CenterAttendance21,151[1]Buy rate240,000[2]Pay-per-view chronology ← PreviousOne Night Only Next →Survivor Series In Your House chronology ← PreviousGround Zero Next →D-Generation X Bad Blood chronology ← PreviousFirst Next →2003 Badd B…
Ford Mustang Descrizione generale Costruttore Ford Tipo principale coupé Altre versioni cabriolet Produzione dal 1964 Serie Prima serie 1964-1973Seconda serie 1974-1978Terza serie 1978-1993Quarta serie 1994-2004Quinta serie 2004-2014Sesta serie 2014-2023 Settima serie dal 2023 Altre caratteristiche Della stessa famiglia Ford Falcon La Ford Mustang è un'autovettura sportiva statunitense di classe media e di grandi dimensioni prodotta dalla casa automobilistica statunitense Ford dal 1964. …
The following tables present the ranks of the Lao People's Armed Forces, which, as a former French dominion, follow a rank system similar to those used by the French Armed Forces. The design closely follows the Soviet pattern, with two important exceptions: 1) senior officers have a broad coloured stripe instead of two narrow stripes used in the Soviet model; 2) stars are of equal size for all the ranks. Officers Rank group General / flag officers Senior officers Junior officers Officer cadet &#…
Artikel ini bukan mengenai Air China. China Airlines中華航空股份有限公司Zhōnghuá Hángkōng Gōngsī IATA ICAO Kode panggil CI CAL DYNASTY Didirikan7 September 1959Mulai beroperasi16 Desember 1959PenghubungTaipei-TaoyuanKota fokus Hong Kong Kaohsiung Taipei-Songshan Program penumpang setiaDynasty FlyerLounge bandaraDynasty LoungeAliansiSkyTeamAnak perusahaan China Airlines Cargo Mandarin Airlines Tigerair Taiwan Armada87 (termasuk kargo)Tujuan102 (termasuk kargo)SloganJourney with a …
Stasiun Miharu三春駅Stasiun Miharu pada Mei 2008LokasiHirasawa, Miharu-machi, Tamura-gun, Fukushima-ken 963-7771JepangKoordinat37°26′59″N 140°28′46″E / 37.4497°N 140.4794°E / 37.4497; 140.4794Koordinat: 37°26′59″N 140°28′46″E / 37.4497°N 140.4794°E / 37.4497; 140.4794Operator JR EastJalur■ Jalur Timur Ban'etsuLetak73.7 km dari IwakiJumlah peron1 peron pulauInformasi lainStatusberstaf (Midori no Madoguchi )Situs webSitus…
Peta infrastruktur dan tata guna lahan di Komune Châtas. = Kawasan perkotaan = Lahan subur = Padang rumput = Lahan pertanaman campuran = Hutan = Vegetasi perdu = Lahan basah = Anak sungaiChâtas merupakan sebuah komune di departemen Vosges yang terletak pada sebelah timur laut Prancis. Lihat pula Komune di departemen Vosges Referensi INSEE lbsKomune di departemen Vosges Les Ableuvenettes Ahéville Aingeville Ainvelle Allarmont Ambacourt Ameuvelle …
Mario DraghiMario Draghi nel 2022 Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri della Repubblica ItalianaDurata mandato13 febbraio 2021 –22 ottobre 2022 Capo di StatoSergio Mattarella PredecessoreGiuseppe Conte SuccessoreGiorgia Meloni Presidente della Banca centrale europeaDurata mandato1º novembre 2011 –31 ottobre 2019 PredecessoreJean-Claude Trichet SuccessoreChristine Lagarde Governatore della Banca d'ItaliaDurata mandato16 gennaio 2006 –31 ottobre 20…
