1895 in film

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The following is an overview of the events of 1895 in film, including a list of films released and notable births.

Events

February–March – Robert W. Paul and Birt Acres build and run the first working 35 mm movie camera in Britain, the Kineopticon. Their first films include Incident at Clovelly Cottage (March), The Oxford and Cambridge University Boat Race (March 30) and Rough Sea at Dover.^[1]
February 13 – In France, the brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière patent the Cinematographe, a combination lightweight, hand-held movie camera and projector. The several short films they create at this time are considered to be pivotal in the history of film.^[1]
March 22 – Auguste and Louis Lumière make what is probably the first presentation of a projected celluloid film moving picture, the 46-second Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory, to members of the Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale in Paris.^[2]
May 27 – Birt Acres patents the Kineopticon under his own name.
Late September – C. Francis Jenkins and Thomas Armat demonstrate their Phantoscope, a motion picture projector, in Atlanta, Georgia, at the Cotton States and International Exposition.
November 1 – In Germany, Max Skladanowsky and his brother Emil present a short film at the Berlin Wintergarten theatre using the movie projector they have developed.
December 28 – Auguste and Louis Lumière make what is probably the first commercial public screening of projected moving picture films to a paying audience, at the Salon Indien du Grand Café in the Boulevard des Capucines in Paris.^[3] This date is sometimes considered the debut of the motion picture as an entertainment medium.
December 30 – The American Mutoscope and Biograph Company motion pictures is founded in New Jersey by the KMCD Syndicate of William Kennedy Dickson, Henry Marvin, Herman Casler and Elias Koopman.^[4] Casler has manufactured the Biograph 68 mm camera, which becomes the first successful large format 68mm (70mm) film.
Annabelle the Dancer is a sensation in shorts such as Annabelle Serpentine Dance.
William Kennedy Dickson and his sister Antonia publish History of the Kinetograph, Kinetoscope, and Kinetophonograph in the United States with a preface by Thomas Edison, the first history of the subject.
Gaumont Pictures founded by the engineer-turned-inventor, Léon Gaumont. Woodville Latham and his sons develop the Latham Loop – the concept of loose loops of film on either side of the intermittent movement to prevent stress from the jerky movement. This is debuted in the Eidoloscope, which is also the first widescreen format (1.85:1).
Henri Joly debuts his Joly-Normandin 60 mm format.

Films released in 1895

*L'Arroseur Arrosé* (1895) the earliest known instance of film comedy, as well as the first use of film to portray a fictional story.

Akrobatisches Potpourri
Annabelle Serpentine Dance, directed by William Heise, starring Annabelle Moore
The Baby's Meal, directed by Louis Lumiere, starring Auguste Lumiere, (his wife) Marguerite, and (their daughter) Andrée
Bauerntanz zweier Kinder
Billy Edwards and the Unknown a.k.a. Billy Edwards Boxing
The Blacksmiths, directed by Louis Lumiere
Boat Leaving The Port, directed by Louis Lumiere
Boxing Kangaroo
Card Party, directed by Louis Lumiere
La Charcuterie mécanique
Demolition Of A Wall, directed by Louis Lumiere and starring Auguste Lumiere, the man in charge...pointing
The Derby, directed by Birt Acres
The Dickson Experimental Sound Film, directed by and starring William K. L. Dickson on violin. First sound film.
The Execution of Mary Stuart, directed by Alfred Clark. First special effect (stop camera edit effect) in cinema.
Incident at Clovelly Cottage, shot by Birt Acres
Fishing For Goldfish, directed by Louis Lumiere, starring Auguste Lumiere and (his daughter) Andrée
Opening of the Kiel Canal
The Oxford and Cambridge University Boat Race
Cordeliers' Square in Lyons, directed by Louis Lumiere
Photograph, directed by Louis Lumiere
The Photographical Congress Arrives in Lyon, directed by Louis Lumiere
Princess Ali a.k.a. Egyptian Dance, directed by William Heise
Rough Sea at Dover, directed by Birt Acres
Le Saut à la couverture
Serpentinen Tanz
L'Arroseur Arrosé, directed by Louis Lumiere. May be the first outdoor comedy film ever made.
Swimming In The Sea, directed by Louis Lumiere
Transformation By Hats, Comic View, directed by Louis Lumiere
Trilby Hypnotic Scene, directed by William Heise, produced by Thomas Edison
Trilby Death Scene, directed by William Heise, produced by Thomas Edison
La Voltige
Das Wintergartenprogramm, directed by Max Skladanowsky
Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory, directed by Louis Lumiere

Births

Month	Date	Name	Country	Profession	Died
January	5	A. Edward Sutherland	US	Director, Actor	1973
January	23	Raymond Griffith	US	Actor	1957
February	7	Anita Stewart	US	Actress, Producer	1961
	19	Louis Calhern	US	Actor	1956
	21	Charles King	US	Actor	1957
	25	Einar Axelsson	Sweden	Actor	1971
March	11	Shemp Howard	US	Actor	1955
	24	Syd Saylor	US	Actor	1962
	25	Valéry Inkijinoff	Russia	Actor	1973
	27	Betty Schade	Germany	Actress	1982
April	7	Margarete Schön	Germany	Actress	1985
May	6	Rudolph Valentino	Italy	Actor	1926
June	24	Jack Dempsey	US	Boxer, Actor	1983
July	9	Cullen Landis	US	Actor, Director	1975
	13	Sidney Blackmer	US	Actor	1973
	21	Henry Lynn	US	Director, Screenwriter	1984
	25	Ingeborg Spangsfeldt	Denmark	Actress	1968
	26	Gracie Allen	UK	Actress	1964
August	9	Nat Pendleton	US	Olympic Wrestler, Actor	1967
August	16	Lucien Littlefield	US	Actor	1960
September	11	Uno Henning	Sweden	Actor	1970
September	22	Paul Muni	Austria	Actor	1967
October	4	Buster Keaton	US	Actor, Director	1966
	20	Evelyn Brent	US	Actress	1975
	21	Edna Purviance	US	Actress	1958
November	14	Louise Huff	US	Actress	1973
December	3	Tadeusz Olsza	Poland	Actor	1975

External links

References

^ ^a ^b Burns, Paul (1999). "Chapter 15, 1895–1900". The History of the Discovery of Cinematography. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-08-14.
^ Chardère, B.; Borgé, G.; Borgé, M. (1985). Les Lumière (in French). Paris: Bibliothèque des Arts. p. 71. ISBN 2-85047-068-6.
^ "Présentation Du Cinématographe Lumière". Encyclopædia Universalis. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
^ Terry Ramsaye (January 1925). "The Romantic History of the Motion Picture". Photoplay. p. 121. Retrieved April 28, 2018.