The 2006 Fed Cup was the 44th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women's tennis.
The final took place at Spiroudome in Charleroi, Belgium, on 16–17 September. The home team, Belgium, lost to Italy, 2–3, giving Italy their first title in their first final and Belgium's second final.
The four losing teams in the World Group first round ties (Austria, France, Germany and Russia), and four winners of the World Group II ties (China, Croatia, Czech Republic and Japan) entered the draw for the World Group play-offs.
The World Group II was the second highest level of Fed Cup competition in 2006. Winners will advance to the World Group play-offs, and losers played in the World Group II play-offs.
The four losing teams from World Group II (Argentina, Indonesia, Switzerland and Thailand) played off against qualifiers from Zonal Group I. Two teams qualified from Europe/Africa Zone (Israel and Slovakia), one team from the Asia/Oceania Zone (Australia), and one team from the Americas Zone (Canada).
The rankings were measured after the three points during the year that play took place, and were collated by combining points earned from the previous four years.[1]