2014 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom

2014 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom
← outgoing members elected members →
All 73 United Kingdom seats to the European Parliament
Registered	46,481,532
Turnout	35.6% 0.9%
	Map of the 2014 European Parliamentary Election in the United Kingdom
Leader of Largest Party before election; David Cameron; Conservative	Subsequent Leader of Largest Party ; Nigel Farage; UKIP

The 2014 European Parliament election was the United Kingdom's component of the 2014 European Parliament election, held on Thursday 22 May 2014,^[2]^[3] coinciding with the 2014 local elections in England^[4] and Northern Ireland. In total, 73 Members of the European Parliament were elected from the United Kingdom using proportional representation. England, Scotland and Wales use a closed-list party list system of PR (with the D'Hondt method), while Northern Ireland used the single transferable vote (STV).

Most of the election results were announced after 10pm on Sunday 25 May – with the exception of Scotland, which did not declare its results until the following day – after voting closed throughout the 28 member states of the European Union.

The most successful party overall was the UK Independence Party (UKIP) which won 24 seats and 27% of the popular vote, the first time a political party other than the Labour Party or Conservative Party had won the popular vote at a British election since the 1906 general election.^[5]^[6] It was also the first time a party other than Labour or Conservative had won the largest number of seats in a national election since the December 1910 general election.^[7]^[8]^[9] In addition, the 23.1% of the vote won by the Conservatives was the lowest recorded vote share for the party in a national election until 2019.

The Labour Party became the first Official Opposition party since 1984 to fail to win a European Parliament election, although it did gain 7 seats, taking its overall tally to 20. The governing Conservative Party was pushed into third place for the first time at any European Parliament election, falling to 19 seats, while the Green Party of England and Wales saw its number of MEPs increase for the first time since 1999, winning 3 seats. In Scotland, the Scottish National Party won the largest share of the vote, taking 29% of the vote and 2 MEPs. The Liberal Democrats, who were in government in the UK with the Conservatives at the time, lost 10 of the 11 seats they were defending, and won just 7% of the popular vote.

Figures released in December 2014 showed that the Conservatives and UKIP each spent £2.96m on the campaign, the Liberal Democrats £1.5m, and the Labour Party approximately £1m.^[10]

Voting system and regional representation

The United Kingdom elected 73 Members of the European Parliament using proportional representation. The United Kingdom was divided into twelve multi-member constituencies. The eleven of these regions which form Great Britain used a closed-list party list system method of proportional representation, calculated using the D'Hondt method. Northern Ireland used the Single transferable vote (STV). As a result of the Treaty of Lisbon coming into force, the UK became entitled to a 73rd MEP as from November 2011. The Electoral Commission performed a reallocation in keeping with the same procedures it used to allocate 72 MEPs; an extra Conservative MEP was allocated to the West Midlands constituency, based on the 2009 vote, and was enshrined in the European Union Act 2011 as an amendment of the European Parliamentary Elections Act 2002.^{[citation needed]}

Representation by region
Electoral region	2009 election	2014 election	+/-
East Midlands	5	5
East of England	7	7
London	8	8
North East England	3	3
North West England	8	8
South East England	10	10
South West England¹	6	6
West Midlands	6	7	1
Yorkshire and the Humber	6	6
Wales	4	4
Scotland	6	6
Northern Ireland	3	3

¹ Includes Gibraltar, the only British Overseas Territory which was part of the European Union.

Returning officers

The European Parliamentary Elections (Returning Officers) Order 2013 provides for the designated Returning officer for each electoral region to be the council official responsible for elections in each of the following Westminster constituencies: Kettering for the East Midlands, Chelmsford for the Eastern region, Lewisham, Deptford for the London region, Sunderland Central for the North East region, Manchester Central for the North West region, Falkirk for Scotland, Southampton, Test for the South East region, Poole for the South West region, Preseli Pembrokeshire for Wales, Birmingham Ladywood for the West Midlands region, Leeds Central for the Yorkshire and Humber region, and Belfast South for the Northern Ireland Region.^[11]

MEPs before the 2014 election, by European Parliament group

Between the 2009 and 2014 elections, there were various changes to the breakdown of UK members. In December 2011, a 73rd member from the UK (Anthea McIntyre, Conservative) was allocated to England because of the implementation of the Treaty of Lisbon. There were also various defections:

one Conservative MEP (Edward McMillan-Scott) defected to the Liberal Democrats (March 2010);^[12]
one Conservative MEP (Roger Helmer) defected to UKIP (March 2012);
two UKIP MEPs (David Campbell Bannerman in May 2011^[13] and Marta Andreasen in February 2013) defected to the Conservatives;^[14]
one UKIP MEP (Nikki Sinclaire) left the party, and later founded the We Demand a Referendum party;
one UKIP MEP (Mike Nattrass) left the party in September 2013, and later founded An Independence from Europe;^[15]
one UKIP MEP (Godfrey Bloom) left the party in September 2013, and sat as an independent;^[16]
one BNP MEP (Andrew Brons) left the party, and later founded the British Democratic Party.

The Ulster Conservatives and Unionists – New Force (UCUNF) electoral pact between the Conservatives and the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) was dissolved.

Thus, before the 2014 election, the following parties had MEPs representing UK constituencies:

Parties in the European Parliament (UK) before the 2014 election Archived 3 January 2019 at the Wayback Machine
United Kingdom party		Seats/73	European Parliament group		Seats/766
	Conservative	26		European Conservatives and Reformists	52
	UUP	1		European Conservatives and Reformists	52
	Labour	13		Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats	195
	Liberal Democrats	12		Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe	75
	UKIP	9		Europe of Freedom and Democracy	31
	Independent	1		Europe of Freedom and Democracy	31
	Green	2		Greens–European Free Alliance	52
	Scottish National	2
	Plaid Cymru	1
	Sinn Féin	1		European United Left–Nordic Green Left	35
	Democratic Unionist	1		Non-Inscrits	–
	British Democratic	1			–
	British National	1			–
	We Demand a Referendum	1			–
	An Independence from Europe	1			–

Parties and candidates

39 parties stood a total of 747 candidates. The Conservative Party and UKIP had candidates in every region, as did the three Green parties. Labour, the Liberal Democrats and the BNP had a full slate of candidates in all the regions in Great Britain (i.e. excluding Northern Ireland). The English Democrats and An Independence from Europe had a full slate of candidates in all the English regions. No2EU had a full slate in seven regions, while Britain First and the Socialist Party of Great Britain had full slates in two regions each. The Harmony Party stood in four regions and the Christian Peoples Alliance in three regions. Other parties only stood in one region.

Retiring/resigned incumbents

British Democratic Party

(Elected in 2009 as British National Party)

Andrew Brons – Yorkshire and the Humber

Conservative

Green

Caroline Lucas (South East England) – Resigned 17 May 2010 & replaced by Keith Taylor

Labour

Liberal Democrats

Diana Wallis (Yorkshire and the Humber) – Resigned 31 January 2012^[22] & replaced by Rebecca Taylor
Liz Lynne (West Midlands) – Resigned 4 February 2012^[23] & replaced by Phil Bennion
Sharon Bowles – (South East England)^[24]
Rebecca Taylor (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Fiona Hall (North East England)

UKIP

John Bufton (Wales)^[25]
Trevor Colman (South West England and Gibraltar)
Derek Clark (East Midlands)^[26]
Godfrey Bloom (Yorkshire & Humber), Having spent the last 8 months of his term as an independent^[27]^[28]

Debates

On 20 February, the Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg used his weekly phone-in show on LBC 97.3 to challenge the leader of the UK Independence Party, Nigel Farage, to a live public debate on the UK's membership of the European Union.^[29] Clegg said, "he is the leader of the party of 'out'; I am the leader of the party of 'in'. I think it's time we now have a proper, public debate so that the public can listen to the two sides of the argument and judge from themselves."^[30]^[31] Farage accepted, but said he would also like to see Ed Miliband and David Cameron participate.^[32]

The first hour-long debate between the two men was held on 26 March 2014 and was broadcast live on television by Sky News and on the BBC News Channel. The debate was hosted by LBC and moderated by Nick Ferrari.^[33] After the first debate, a YouGov poll asked "Who performed better?", with 57% saying Farage did better compared to 36% for Clegg.

The second debate was held on BBC Two on 2 April in a special programme called The European Union: In or Out, moderated by David Dimbleby. Farage was again seen as outperforming his rival, with a snap poll by YouGov showing 68% of people thought he did better in the debate compared to 27% for Clegg. A snap Guardian poll also showed that 69% thought Farage won the debate.^[34]

Despite David Cameron and Ed Miliband declining to participate in the leaders' debates, the Conservative and Labour parties were represented in a lower-profile debate on the BBC. On 13 February Andrew Neil hosted a four-way debate on the BBC's Sunday Politics programme. The Conservatives were represented by Syed Kamall MEP, Labour by Richard Howitt MEP, the Liberal Democrats by Baroness Sarah Ludford MEP and the UK Independence Party by Patrick O'Flynn, the party's Director of communications and an MEP candidate.^[35]^[36]

Opinion polls

Graphical summary

These opinion polls are for Great Britain and generally exclude Northern Ireland. The methodology used for these polls broadly corresponds to that used for opinion polling for the 2015 United Kingdom general election; see that article for the methodology used by each polling company. YouGov have experimented with different methods of polling for these elections, using their own method for their 8–9 January 2013 poll and another corresponding to that used by Survation and ComRes for their 10–11 January 2013 poll (both below) and argue that their method gives more accurate answers.^[37] Data for these polls are generally gathered at the same time as the data for General Election polling.

2014

Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample	Con	UKIP	Lab	Lib Dems	Others	Lead
Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample					Others	Lead
22 May 2014	EU election, 2014 (GB) Results	16,017,366	23.9%	27.5%	25.4%	6.9%	16.3%	2.1%
20–21 May	YouGov/The Sun	6,124	22%	27%	26%	9%	16% BNP on 1% \|\| style="background:#70147a; color:white;"\| 1%
19–21 May	Opinium/Daily Mail	1,967	21%	32%	25%	6%	16%	7%
19–20 May	Survation/Mirror	1,106	23%	32%	27%	9%	11%	5%
19–20 May	YouGov/The Sun	1,874	23%	27%	27%	10%	14% BNP on 1% \|\| color:white;"\| Tied
18–19 May	YouGov/The Sun	1,740	21%	24%	28%	10%	17% BNP on 1% \|\| style="background:#DC241F; color:white;"\| 4%
15–19 May	TNS Archived 4 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine	1,217	21%	31%	28%	7%	13%	3%
16–18 May	ComRes^{[permanent dead link‍]}	2,061	20%	33%	27%	7%	13%	6%
15–16 May	YouGov/Sunday Times	1,892	23%	26%	27%	9%	14%	1%
13–16 May	Opinium/Daily Mail	2,036	20%	31%	29%	5%	15%	2%
14–15 May	ICM/Sunday Telegraph	2,033	26%	25%	29%	7%	13%	3%
14–15 May	ComRes	2,045	20%	35%	24%	6%	15%	11%
13–14 May	YouGov/The Sun	1,968	22%	25%	28%	10%	15% BNP on 0% \|\| style="background:#DC241F; color:white;"\| 3%
9–12 May	Opinium	1,936	22%	30%	28%	7%	13%	2%
9–11 May	ICM/The Guardian	1,000	27%	26%	24%	7%	16%	1%
9–11 May	ComRes/C4M	2,056	22%	34%	24%	8%	12%	10%
9 May	Survation/Mail on Sunday	1,005	21%	32%	28%	9%	11%	4%
6–8 May	Opinium/Daily Mail	1,972	23%	28%	27%	8%	14%	1%
28 Apr – 6 May	YouGov/Sky News	1,933	23%	31%	25%	9%	14%	6%
2–3 May	Survation/Mirror	1,005	24%	31%	28%	7%	10%	3%
1–2 May	YouGov/Sunday Times	1,945	22%	29%	28%	7%	14%	1%
30 Apr – 1 May	YouGov/Sun on Sunday	1,844	23%	29%	26%	10%	12%	3%
30 Apr – 1 May	YouGov/The Sun	1,813	22%	27%	30%	9%	13% BNP on 1% \|\| style="background:#DC241F; color:white;"\| 3%
27–30 Apr	YouGov/The Sun	5,331	22%	28%	29%	9%	13% BNP on 1% \|\| style="background:#DC241F; color:white;"\| 1%
24–28 Apr	TNS Archived 28 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine	1,199	18%	36%	27%	10%	12%	9%
25–27 Apr	ComRes^{[permanent dead link‍]}	2,052	18%	38%	27%	8%	14%	11%
24–25 Apr	YouGov/Sunday Times	1,835	19%	31%	28%	9%	13%	3%
21–22 Apr	YouGov/The Sun	2,190	22%	27%	30%	10%	11% BNP on 1% \|\| style="background:#DC241F; color:white;"\| 3%
15–17 Apr	ICM/Sunday Telegraph	2,000	22%	27%	30%	8%	13%	3%
11–13 Apr	ICM/The Guardian	1,000	25%	20%	36%	6%	13%	11%
3–7 Apr	TNS Archived 13 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine	1,193	21%	29%	30%	9%	11%	1%
4–6 Apr	Populus/Financial Times	2,034	27%	25%	31%	10%	7%	4%
3–4 Apr	YouGov/Sunday Times	1,998	22%	28%	30%	9%	10%	2%
4 Apr	Survation/Mail on Sunday	1,001	21%	27%	34%	9%	9%	7%
2–3 Apr	ComRes/The People	2,067	22%	30%	30%	8%	10%	Tied
2 Apr	*Broadcast of The European Union: In or Out* debate.**
27–28 Mar	YouGov/The Sunday Times	1,916	24%	23%	32%	11%	10%	8%
26–27 Mar	YouGov/The Sun	2,039	24%	26%	28%	11%	11%	2%
26 Mar	LBC radio debate on the European Union between the Lib Dems' Nick Clegg and Nigel Farage of UKIP.
20–21 Mar	Survation/Mail on Sunday	1,000	28%	23%	32%	7%	10%	4%
17–18 Mar	YouGov/Times	2,284	24%	23%	32%	10%	11%	8%
12–13 Mar	ComRes/Independent on Sunday	2,001	21%	30%	28%	8%	13%	2%
7–9 Feb	ICM/The Guardian	1,002	25%	20%	35%	9%	11%	10%
14–15 Jan	YouGov/The Sun	1,893	23%	26%	32%	9%	10%	6%
3 Jan	Survation/Mail on Sunday	1,001	23%	26%	32%	9%	10%	6%

2013

Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample	Con	UKIP	Lab	Lib Dems	Others	Lead
Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample					Others	Lead
21–22 Nov	Survation/Daily Star	1,006	24%	25%	32%	8%	12%	7%
11 Oct	Survation/Mail on Sunday	1,017	21%	22%	35%	11%	11%	13%
22–24 May	ComRes/Open Europe	2,003	21%	27%	23%	18%	11%	4%
17–18 May	Survation/Mail on Sunday	1,000	20%	30%	31%	8%	11%	1%
17–18 Jan	YouGov/The Sun	1,912	30%	12%	38%	13%	10%	8%
10–11 Jan	YouGov/The Sun	1,995	24%	19%	36%	12%	10%	12%
9–10 Jan	ComRes/Sunday People	2,002	22%	23%	35%	8%	12%	12%
8–9 Jan	YouGov/The Sun	1,980	27%	17%	38%	12%	6%	11%
5 Jan	Survation/Mail on Sunday	772	24%	22%	31%	11%	12%	7%
4 Jun 2009	EU election, 2009 (GB) Results	15,136,932	27.7%	16.5%	15.7%	13.7%	25.6%	11.2%

Scottish polls

Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample	SNP	Lab	Con	Lib Dems	UKIP	Others	Lead
Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample						Others	Lead
22 May 2014	EU election, 2014 (Scotland)	1,343,483	29.0%	25.9%	17.2%	7.1%	10.5%	10.4%	3.1%
12–15 May 2014	ICM/Scotsman	1,003	36%	27%	13%	7%	9%	8%	9%
9–12 May 2014	Survation/Daily Record	1,003	37%	26%	13%	6%	11%	7%	11%
11–22 Apr 2014	YouGov/Edinburgh University	1,014	33%	31%	12%	7%	10%	7%	2%
14–16 Apr 2014	ICM/Scotland on Sunday	1,004	37%	28%	11%	7%	10%	6%	9%
4–7 Apr 2014	Survation/Daily Record	1,002	39%	30%	14%	6%	7%	5%	9%
17–21 Mar 2014	ICM/Scotsman	1,010	41%	29%	13%	5%	6%	6%	12%
21–24 Jan 2014	ICM/Scotsman	1,010	43%	24%	14%	6%	7%	6%	19%
4 Jun 2009	EU election, 2009 (Scotland)	1,104,512	29.1%	20.8%	16.8%	11.5%	5.2%	16.6%	8.3%

Welsh polls

Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample	Con	Lab	Plaid	UKIP	Lib Dems	Others	Lead
Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample						Others	Lead
22 May 2014	EU election, 2014 (Wales) Results	733,060	17.4%	28.2%	15.3%	27.6%	4.0%	7.7%	0.6%
12–14 May 2014	YouGov/ITV	1,092	16%	33%	15%	23%	7%	7%	10%
11–22 Apr 2014	YouGov/Cardiff University	1,027	18%	39%	11%	20%	7%	6%	19%
10–12 Feb 2014	YouGov/ITV	1,250	17%	39%	12%	18%	7%	7%	21%
2–4 Dec 2013	YouGov/ITV	1,001	20%	41%	13%	13%	8%	5%	21%
4 Jun 2009	EU election, 2009 (Wales) Results	684,520	21.2%	20.3%	18.5%	12.8%	10.7%	16.6%	0.9%

London polls

Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample	Con	Lab	Lib Dems	Green	UKIP	Others	Lead
Date(s)	Polling organisation/client	Sample						Others	Lead
22 May 2014	EU election, 2014 (London) Results	2,200,475	22.5%	36.7%	6.7%	8.9%	16.9%	8.3%	14.2%
6–8 May 2014	YouGov/Evening Standard	1,422	23%	37%	9%	7%	21%	3%	14%
28–29 Apr 2014	Survation	1,001	21%	39%	13%	7%	20%	1%	18%
7–9 Apr 2014	YouGov/Evening Standard	1,209	25%	33%	11%	5%	24%	3%	8%
8–10 Oct 2013	YouGov/Evening Standard	1,231	23%	34%	10%	9%	22%	1%	11%
4 Jun 2009	EU election, 2009 (London) Results	1,751,026	27.4%	21.3%	13.7%	10.9%	10.8%	15.9%	6.1%

Results

United Kingdom results


Party		Votes			Seats
Party		Number	%	+/-	Seats	+/-	%
	UK Independence Party	4,376,635	26.6	10.6	24	11	32.9
	Labour Party	4,020,646	24.4	9.2	20	7	27.4
	Conservative Party	3,792,549	23.1	3.8	19	7	26.0
	Green Party of England and Wales	1,136,670	6.9	0.9	3	1	4.1
	Liberal Democrats	1,087,633	6.6	6.7	1	10	1.4
	Scottish National Party	389,503	2.4	0.3	2		2.7
	An Independence from Europe	235,124	1.4	New	0
	British National Party	179,694	1.1	5.0	0	2
	Sinn Féin	159,813	1.0	0.2	1		1.4
	DUP	131,163	0.8	0.2	1		1.4
	English Democrats	126,024	0.8	1.0	0
	Plaid Cymru	111,864	0.7	0.1	1		1.4
	Scottish Greens	108,305	0.7	0.1	0
	Ulster Unionist Party	83,438	0.5	New	1	1	1.4
	SDLP	81,594	0.5		0
	TUV	75,806	0.5		0
	Christian Peoples Alliance	50,222	0.3	1.3	0
	Alliance	44,432	0.3	0.1	0
	No2EU	31,757	0.2	0.8	0
	4 Freedoms Party (UK EPP)	28,014	0.2	New	0
	We Demand a Referendum Now	23,426	0.1	New	0
	NHA	23,253	0.1	New	0
	Animal Welfare Party	21,092	0.1		0
	Britain First	20,272	0.1	New	0
	Yorkshire First	19,017	0.1	New	0
	Europeans Party	10,712	0.1	New	0
	Green (NI)	10,598	0.1		0
	NI21	10,553	0.1	New	0
	Peace Party	10,130	0.1		0
	Others	55,011	0.3	3.4	0
Valid Votes		16,454,950	99.5		73	1
Rejected Votes		90,812	0.6
Registered voters		46,481,532

Election results by constituency

^[38]

Constituency	Members
East Midlands
East of England
London
North East England
North West England
South East England
South West England
West Midlands
Yorkshire and the Humber
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland

MEPs defeated

Conservative

Marina Yannakoudakis – London
Martin Callanan – North East
Marta Andreasen – South East

Liberal Democrats

Bill Newton Dunn – East Midlands
Andrew Duff – East of England
Sarah Ludford – London
Chris Davies – North West
Graham Watson – South West
Phil Bennion – West Midlands
Edward McMillan-Scott – Yorkshire and the Humber
George Lyon – Scotland

British National Party

Nick Griffin – North West

An Independence from Europe

Mike Nattrass – West Midlands

We Demand a Referendum

Nikki Sinclaire – West Midlands

Analysis

The UK Independence Party (UKIP) came top of the poll, the first time a political party other than the Labour Party or Conservative Party had won the popular vote at a British election since the 1906 general election.^[39]^[6] It was also the first time a party other than Labour or Conservative had won the largest number of seats in a national election since the December 1910 general election.^[7]^[8]^[9] However, by the end of 2018, following multiple departures and other changes, only 9 MEPs remained affiliated to UKIP.^[40] By February 2019, there were only 7 UKIP MEPs, while 7 former UKIP MEPs had joined the new Brexit Party.

The Labour Party became the first Official Opposition party since 1984 to fail to win a European Parliament election, although it did gain 7 seats, taking its overall tally to 20. It concurrently won the largest share of the vote in 100 council areas, with its largest vote share recorded in Newham at 58.4%.^[41]

The governing Conservative Party was pushed into third place for the first time at any European Parliament election, winning just 23.3% of the national vote share and losing 7 seats to fall to 19 overall, one behind Labour. It won the largest share of the vote in just 89 council areas and its highest vote was recorded in Elmbridge at 43.1%.

The Green Party of England and Wales saw its number of MEPs increase for the first time since 1999, winning a total of 3 seats. The party rose from fifth place to fourth, although its vote share declined slightly compared to 2009. This was the first time since 1989 that the Greens had outpolled the Liberal Democrats in a European election.

In Scotland, the Scottish National Party won the largest share of the vote taking 28.9% of the vote and retained its two of the six Scottish seats.^[42]

The Liberal Democrats, who were in coalition with the Conservatives at the time, lost ten of the eleven seats they were defending and won just 6.9% of the vote share nationally.^[43] Their highest vote share was recorded in Gibraltar, where they won a 67.2% share of the vote.

Notes

^ In 2009, the Conservatives were in alliance with the Ulster Unionist Party in Northern Ireland as Ulster Conservatives and Unionists, electing 1 Northern Irish MEP under this label. By 2014 the UCUNF alliance had been dissolved.

^ The number of registered voters included EU nationals who are not eligible to vote in UK general elections

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^ "Hughes to leave Europe at next election". Labour North. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
^ "dear member". us2.forward-to-friend.com. Archived from the original on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
^ "Passing on the baton". peterskinnermep.eu. Peter Skinner MEP. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
^ "MEP Diana Wallis criticised over resignation 'nepotism'". Bbc.co.uk. 19 January 2012. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
^ "Lib Dem MEP Liz Lynne to stand down". Bbc.co.uk. 6 November 2011. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
^ Jill Treanor (9 October 2012). "Lib Dem MEP Sharon Bowles applies for Bank of England governor job". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
^ "UKIP MEP for Wales John Bufton to stand down at election". Bbc.co.uk. 24 May 2013. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
^ "East Midlands UKIP MEP to stand down next June". BBC News. 3 June 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
^ "Godfrey Bloom quits as UKIP MEP after 'sluts' joke row". BBC News. 24 September 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
^ "Ukip's Godfrey Bloom to sit as independent MEP after "sluts" row". Mirror. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
^ "Nick Clegg Challenges Nigel Farage To Head-To-Head EU Debate". Huffington Post. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
^ "Clegg Challenges Farage To In/out EU Debate on LBC". LBC 97.3. Archived from the original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
^ "Nick Clegg challenges Nigel Farage to live debate on Britain's EU membership". Guardian Online. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
^ Dominiczak, Peter (21 February 2014). "Nigel Farage agrees to EU debate with Nick Clegg". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
^ "Nick Clegg clashes with Nigel Farage in EU debate". BBC News. 26 March 2014.
^ "BBC News – Nick Clegg and Nigel Farage in heated BBC debate over EU". Bbc.co.uk. 3 April 2014. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
^ "EU election: Tory, Labour, UKIP and Lib Dem on Europe". BBC News. 13 April 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2014.
^ "EU referendum: Tory, Labour, UKIP and Lib Dem policy". BBC News. 13 April 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2014.
^ Kellner, Peter (15 January 2013). "Measuring UKIP's support". yougov.
^ Staff writer (26 May 2014). "UK European election results". BBC News. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
^ "Ukip and Front National lead populist earthquake". Financial Times. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
^ "Ex-UKIP leader Paul Nuttall quits party over Tommy Robinson role". Sky News. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
^ "European elections 2009: Gordon Brown on the edge as Labour is humiliated by BNP". The Daily Telegraph. 8 June 2009. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
^ "European election: UKIP wins first Scottish MEP seat". BBC News. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
^ "Under pressure Clegg defiant after Lib Dem election losses". BBC News. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2021.

External links

Manifestos

Alliance
Conservative Archived 3 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine
Democratic Unionist Party
Green Party in Northern Ireland
Labour
Plaid Cymru
Scottish Green Party
Social Democratic and Labour Party
Traditional Unionist Voice
UK Independence Party

[UCUNF-3] In 2009, the Conservatives were in alliance with the Ulster Unionist Party in Northern Ireland as Ulster Conservatives and Unionists, electing 1 Northern Irish MEP under this label. By 2014 the UCUNF alliance had been dissolved.

[1] The number of registered voters included EU nationals who are not eligible to vote in UK general elections

[2] "Results of the 2014 European elections – Results by country – United Kingdom – European Parliament". europarl.europa.eu. European Parliament. Retrieved 11 July 2016.

[4] "EU reschedules elections to boost turnout". United Press International. 11 March 2013. Retrieved 3 May 2013.

[5] Staff writer (13 March 2013). "EU elections: Polling day will stay on Thursday, insists government". BBC News. Retrieved 3 August 2013.

[6] "Wards and Election Information". Elmbridge.gov.uk. Elmbridge Borough Council. Archived from the original on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2013.

[7] "Ukip and Front National lead populist earthquake". Financial Times. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.

[autogenerated2-8] "European Elections: UKIP Tops British Polls". Sky News. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.

[reuters1-9] "UK's Eurosceptic UKIP party storms to victory in Europe vote". Reuters. 26 May 2014. Archived from the original on 1 June 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.

[theguardian1-10] "10 key lessons from the European election results". The Guardian. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.

[spiegel1-11] "Lurching Right: UKIP Win Creates Pressure for Cameron and Europe". Der Spiegel. 27 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.

[12] Billy Kenber (18 December 2014). "Ukip matched spending by Tories on EU elections". The Times. Retrieved 18 December 2014.

[13] "Representation of the People: The European Parliamentary Elections (Returning Officers) Order 2013". legislation.gov.uk. UK Legislation. 19 August 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2013.

[14] Owen, Paul (12 March 2010). "Former leader of Tory MEPs Edward MacMillan-Scott joins Lib Dems". The Guardian | Politics. Retrieved 29 September 2013.

[15] Staff writer (24 May 2011). "UKIP MEP Campbell Bannerman defects to Conservatives". BBC News. Retrieved 29 September 2013.

[16] Tapsfield, James (23 February 2013). "UKIP MEP Marta Andreasen defects to the Tories and launches attack on Nigel Farage". The Independent | UK Politics. London. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2013.

[17] "Mike Nattrass". europarl.europa.eu. European Parliament. Retrieved 11 April 2014.

[18] Brant, Robin (24 September 2013). "Godfrey Bloom quits as UKIP MEP after 'sluts' joke row". BBC News. Retrieved 14 October 2013.

[autogenerated1-19] "Would you like to be a Tory MEP? There could be nine vacancies in 2014... Tory MPs". Conservativehome.blogs.com. 23 May 2012. Retrieved 3 May 2013.

[20] Roberts, Scott (4 October 2012). "Labour MEP Michael Cashman to stand down in 2014". Pink News. Retrieved 17 May 2018.

[21] "Hughes to leave Europe at next election". Labour North. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2013.

[22] "dear member". us2.forward-to-friend.com. Archived from the original on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2013.

[23] "Passing on the baton". peterskinnermep.eu. Peter Skinner MEP. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.

[24] "MEP Diana Wallis criticised over resignation 'nepotism'". Bbc.co.uk. 19 January 2012. Retrieved 3 May 2013.

[25] "Lib Dem MEP Liz Lynne to stand down". Bbc.co.uk. 6 November 2011. Retrieved 3 May 2013.

[26] Jill Treanor (9 October 2012). "Lib Dem MEP Sharon Bowles applies for Bank of England governor job". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 3 May 2013.

[27] "UKIP MEP for Wales John Bufton to stand down at election". Bbc.co.uk. 24 May 2013. Retrieved 12 June 2013.

[28] "East Midlands UKIP MEP to stand down next June". BBC News. 3 June 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2013.

[29] "Godfrey Bloom quits as UKIP MEP after 'sluts' joke row". BBC News. 24 September 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.

[30] "Ukip's Godfrey Bloom to sit as independent MEP after "sluts" row". Mirror. Retrieved 9 October 2013.

[31] "Nick Clegg Challenges Nigel Farage To Head-To-Head EU Debate". Huffington Post. Retrieved 21 February 2014.

[32] "Clegg Challenges Farage To In/out EU Debate on LBC". LBC 97.3. Archived from the original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 21 February 2014.

[33] "Nick Clegg challenges Nigel Farage to live debate on Britain's EU membership". Guardian Online. Retrieved 21 February 2014.

[34] Dominiczak, Peter (21 February 2014). "Nigel Farage agrees to EU debate with Nick Clegg". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2014.

[35] "Nick Clegg clashes with Nigel Farage in EU debate". BBC News. 26 March 2014.

[36] "BBC News – Nick Clegg and Nigel Farage in heated BBC debate over EU". Bbc.co.uk. 3 April 2014. Retrieved 11 April 2014.

[37] "EU election: Tory, Labour, UKIP and Lib Dem on Europe". BBC News. 13 April 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2014.

[38] "EU referendum: Tory, Labour, UKIP and Lib Dem policy". BBC News. 13 April 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2014.

[39] Kellner, Peter (15 January 2013). "Measuring UKIP's support". yougov.

[BBC_News_UK_European_election_results-40] Staff writer (26 May 2014). "UK European election results". BBC News. Retrieved 26 May 2014.

[41] "Ukip and Front National lead populist earthquake". Financial Times. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.

[42] "Ex-UKIP leader Paul Nuttall quits party over Tommy Robinson role". Sky News. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 5 March 2019.

[43] "European elections 2009: Gordon Brown on the edge as Labour is humiliated by BNP". The Daily Telegraph. 8 June 2009. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 26 May 2014.

[44] "European election: UKIP wins first Scottish MEP seat". BBC News. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2021.

[45] "Under pressure Clegg defiant after Lib Dem election losses". BBC News. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2021.

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