The club continued its league regression under Paulo Sousa, finishing eighth after an average league campaign, while also being eliminated in the Coppa Italia in the quarter-finals. However perhaps the poorest result of the season was Fiorentina's elimination from the UEFA Europa League in the round of 32 by German club Borussia Mönchengladbach; after winning the first leg 1–0 in Germany and taking a 2–0 lead at home in the second leg, the team managed to concede four straight goals, losing 4–3 on aggregate.
The season was Sousa's second and last in charge of the team, as his contract was not renewed for the 2017–18 season.
Note: Match originally scheduled for 11 September; play was stopped during the first half due to excessive rain, and was resumed from the point of suspension.