Bushati family

The Bushati family (Albanian: Bushatllinjtë) is an Albanian Muslim family that ruled the Pashalik of Scutari from 1757 to 1831.

Origins

They are descendants of the medieval Bushati tribe, a pastoralist tribe (fis) in northern Albania and Montenegro. The name Bushat is compound of mbë fshat (above the village).^[1] This is a reference to them being pastoralists that weren't permanently settled. The Bushati started to settle permanently in the 15th century and this process had been completed in the late 16th century. Their settlement includes the village of Bushat in Shkodër in the Zadrima plain from where the Bushati family came. Another part settled with the tribe of Bukumiri in the would-be territory of the Piperi tribe, where they gradually became part of the new, larger tribe in the late 16th century. In the defter of 1497 they appear as katun Bushat in Piperi with 35 households.^[2]

The Bushati family traces their origin to the Begaj brotherhood of Bushati that had converted to Islam possibly in the early 17th century. To promote their status and political goals statesmen, commanders and leaders from that family put forward different theories about their origins. Turkish traveller Evliya Çelebi in his time recorded a story about them being descendants of a Jusuf Bey Plaku, who traced his origin and status to the era of Mehmed II (r. 1444–1446, 1451–1481). In the period of the Pashalik of Shkodra, Kara Mahmud sought to expand northwards in the old lands of Ivan Crnojević of the Middle Ages. In order to legitimize and strengthen his claim, he put forward another theory that he descended from Skenderbeg Crnojević, Ivan's Muslim son.^[3]^[4]

Albanian writer Sami Frashëri asserted that the Bushati family were descendants of the Dukagjini family.^[5]

History

Their dominance of the Shkodër region was gained through a network of alliances with various highland tribes. Even after the fall of the pashalik in 1831, the Bushatis continued to play an important role in Albanian society. During the 19th century, Shkodër was also known as a cultural centre and in the 1840s the Bushati library was built.

Bushati family tree

Mehmed Pasha

Dervish Bey

Omer Bey

Sulejman Pasha
Vali of Rumelia, 1115 AH

Halil Pasha

Ali Bey

Hasan Pasha

Arslan Pasha

Deli Hysen Pasha

Kapudan Mehmed Bey

Mustafa Bey

Abdullah Pasha

Haxhi Sulejman Pasha

Mehmed Pasha Plaku

Mustafa Pasha Qorri

Ibrahim Pasha

Ahmed Pasha

Kara Mahmud Pasha

Mehmed Pasha
died in Tirana, in 1217 AH

Sherif Mustafa Pasha

Mahmud Pasha

Isuf Bey

Hasan Pasha

Riza Bey

Xhelal Pasha

List of prominent family members

Süleyman Bushati, sanjak-bey of Scutari, noted for his wars against Montenegrins.
Kara Mahmud Bushati, chief of Albanian tribe based in Shkodër, named governor of Shkodër by the Ottoman authorities.
Ibrahim Bushati
Mustafa Pasha Bushati
Xhelal Pasha, Ottoman official and related to sultan Abdul Hamid II through marriage^[6]
Petrit Bushati, Senior Albanian Diplomat, Has served as Ambassador of Albania to Sweden, USA, Serbia & Montenegro
Maliq Bushati, Prime Minister
Sali Bushati, former member of the Assembly of Albania
Astrit Bushati, member of the Assembly of Albania
Ahmet Bushati, Chairman of Municipality Council of Shkodër 1992-1996
Xhemal Bushati, politician, former member of the Assembly of Albania, anti-Zogist activist
Ditmir Bushati, politician and the former Minister of Foreign Affairs
Ervin Bushati, Ambassador of Albania to the United States

Sources

Jazexhiu, Olsi (2002). The Albanian Pashalik of Shkodra under Bushatlis 1757 – 1831. Kuala Lumpur: IIUM. Archived from the original on 2015-06-27. Retrieved 2015-06-26.
Blumi, Isa (2011). Reinstating the Ottomans: Alternative Balkan Modernities, 1800-1912. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-11908-6.
Pllumi, Zef. Frati i Pashallarëve Bushatli të Shkodrës:(Át Erasmo Balneo):(1756-1788); kronikë e gojdhanë. Botime Françeskane, 2004.
Stavri, N. Pashalleku i Shkodrës nën sundimin e Bushatllive në gjysmën e dytë të shekullit të XVIII, 1757–1796.(La Pachalik de Shkodër sous les Bushatli à la deuxieme moitié du XVIIIe siècle. Résumé.). 1964.

References

^ Landi, Addolorata (2002). Variazioni linguistiche in albanese. Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane. p. 46. ISBN 8881148455. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
^ Pulaha, Selami (1975). "Kontribut për studimin e ngulitjes së katuneve dhe krijimin e fiseve në Shqipe ̈rine ̈ e veriut shekujt XV-XVI' [Contribution to the Study of Village Settlements and the Formation of the Tribes of Northern Albania in the 15th century]". Studime Historike. 12: 87–89. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
^ Đoko M. Slijepčević (1983). Srpsko-arbanaški odnosi kroz vekove sa posebnim osvrtom na novije vreme. D. Slijepčević. ... упадима и организованим нападима Скадарскога везира Махмуд-паше Бушатлије. У кући Бушатлија чувала се традици- ја о њиховом пореклу од потурченога сина Ивана Црнојевића. «Та традиција о пореклу Бушатлија јачала ...
^ Vasilije Crnogorski; Paisij Khilendarski; Armando Pitassio; Sofronij Vrachanski (2003). Balcani nel caos. Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane. p. 22. ISBN 978-88-495-0742-3. Bushatli, sicché in seguito i vizir albanesi di Bushatli pretesero di discendere dai Crnojevic
^ Frashëri, Sami (2002). Shqipëria dhe shqiptarët: Materiali nxjerrë nga "Diksionieri historik e gjeografik". Tiranë: Dajti 2000. p. 244. ISBN 9789992772027.
^ Gawrych, George (2006). The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913. London: IB Tauris. p. 85. ISBN 9781845112875.