Rea has never toured the United States, where he is best known for the 1978 single "Fool (If You Think It's Over)", which reached No. 12 on the Billboard Hot 100 and spent three weeks at No. 1 on the Adult Contemporary chart, earning him a Grammy nomination as Best New Artist in 1978. A decade later, "Working On It" topped the Mainstream Rock chart. He has sold more than 40 million records worldwide.[11]
Biography
Early life
Christopher Rea was born on 4 March 1951 in Middlesbrough in the North Riding of Yorkshire to an Italian father, Camillo Rea (died December 2010) originating from Arpino in the Province of Frosinone,[12][13][14][15] and an Irish mother, Winifred K. Slee (died September 1983),[16][17] as one of seven children.[18][19] His family were of the Roman Catholic faith.[20] The name Rea was well known locally thanks to his father's ice cream factory and café chain.[3][12][21] When he was twelve, he worked clearing tables in the coffee bar and making ice cream in the factory. He wanted to improve the business, but his ideas got no support from his father. After leaving, he was replaced by one of his brothers.[22] At that time he wanted to be a journalist and attended St Mary's College, Middlesbrough.[23]
Rea bought his first guitar in his early twenties, a 1961 Höfner V3 and 25-watt Laney amplifier[19][24][25][26] He played primarily "bottleneck" guitar, also known as slide guitar. Rea's playing style was inspired by Charlie Patton whom he had heard on the radio. He had initially thought Patton's playing sounded like a violin.[24][27][25] Rea was also influenced by Blind Willie Johnson and Sister Rosetta Tharpe[27] as well as by the playing of Ry Cooder and Joe Walsh.[24][28] He was also listening to Delta blues musicians like Sonny Boy Williamson II and Muddy Waters,[29]gospel blues,[25] and opera to light orchestral classics to develop his style.[18] He recalls that "for many people from working-class backgrounds, rock wasn't a chosen thing, it was the only thing, the only avenue of creativity available for them",[29] and that "when I was young I wanted most of all to be a writer of films and film music. But Middlesbrough in 1968 wasn't the place to be if you wanted to do movie scores".[29] Due to his late introduction to music and guitar playing, Rea commented that when compared to Mark Knopfler and Eric Clapton, "I definitely missed the boat, I think".[24] He was self-taught,[26] and soon tried to join a friend's group, The Elastic Band, as the first choice for guitar or bass. Heeding his father's advice he did not join as his potential earnings would not be enough to cover the costs of being in the group. As a result, he found himself working casual labouring jobs, including working in his father's ice cream business.[30] Rea commented that, at that time, he was "meant to be developing my father's ice-cream cafe into a global concern, but I spent all my time in the stockroom playing slide guitar".[27]
1973–1982: Early career and "Fool (If You Think It's Over)"
In 1973 he joined the local Middlesbrough band, Magdalene, which earlier had included David Coverdale who had left to join Deep Purple.[3][19][26][31] He began writing songs for the band and took up singing only because the singer in the band failed to show up for a playing engagement.[19] Rea then went on to form the band The Beautiful Losers which received Melody Maker's Best Newcomers award in 1973. He secured a solo recording deal with independent Magnet Records,[28] and released his first single entitled "So Much Love" in 1974.[32] The band itself split up in 1977.[30][33] He guested on Catherine Howe's EPThe Truth of the Matter.[1] He recorded his first album that same year, but according to Michael Levy (co-founder of Magnet) the recordings were burned and started over again because it did not capture his whole talent.[34]
Debut album
Rea in 1978
Whatever Happened to Benny Santini?, Rea's debut studio album, was released in June 1978, produced by Gus Dudgeon.[35] The title referred to a stage name that Rea had suggested when the record label insisted that his given name did not sound "croony" enough.[1][29] It peaked at No. 49 on the Billboard Hot 200, and charted for 12 weeks.[36] The lead single, "Fool (If You Think It's Over)", was Rea's biggest hit in the US, reaching No. 1 on the Adult Contemporary Singles chart, and No. 12 on the Billboard Hot 100.[37][38] As Rea gave Magnet Records its first major breakthrough and its first US Top-10, he was their biggest artist, the more so when he was nominated at the 21st Annual Grammy Awards as Best New Artist.[39][40] Levy remembers him as "more of a thoughtful, introspective poet than a natural pop performer" which Levy felt stopped Rea from becoming a bigger star.[34] Few of Rea's early singles charted in the UK. "Fool" performed modestly on its second release in late 1978, prompted by its strong performance in the US, and that stateside success also led to Rea being categorized as a piano-playing singer-songwriter, similar to Elton John and Billy Joel, rather than the guitar player he is.[2] For several years, Magnet marketed him based on this misconception.[24] Rea says that it "is still the only song I've ever not played guitar on, but it just so happened to be my first single".[24] Rea has "always had a difficult relationship with fame, even before my first illness. None of my heroes were rock stars. I arrived in Hollywood for the Grammy Awards once and thought I was going to bump into people who mattered, like Ry Cooder or Randy Newman. But I was surrounded by pop stars".[41] Throughout his career Rea has emphatically rejected the label of "rock star".[42][43]
Subsequent early albums
Dudgeon also produced Rea's second album Deltics (1979). Rea recorded his self-produced third album, Tennis (1980), with musicians from Middlesbrough, and it received positive reviews.[30] As both albums had failed commercially, Magnet rejected the artwork Rea wanted for the cover of his fourth album, 1981's Chris Rea (produced by Jon Kelly, who later oversaw Rea's most successful albums).[30] None of these albums reached the Top 50 in the UK, with his singles also delivering lacklustre performances. Diamonds reached No. 44 in the US, and Loving You went to No. 88 on the Billboard Hot 100.[44][45] Rea had a difficult working relationship with Dudgeon and the other "men in suits" who he felt "smoothed out" the blues-influenced elements of his music.[29][46][30] Rea "always thought that [producers] knew best. I never thought for a minute that they might have another agenda", but "all of a sudden I was the goose that laid the golden egg, and it was hell for me".[27] He ruefully acknowledges, "I can't blame anyone but myself. I gave them what they wanted rather than what I wanted".[47]
1983–1988: European breakthrough
Water Sign and Shamrock Diaries
Chris Rea in the 1980s
From 1983, Rea's music began to better reflect his wishes and capabilities, despite pressure from his record company due to the accumulated costs of the production for his first four albums. To keep costs low, the label decided to release the demo tapes of his fifth studio album Water Sign. It was the first of several successful albums on which Rea collaborated with producer David Richards. He also changed managers and went on a UK club tour, followed by a 60-date tour as a support act for Canadian band Saga.[30]Water Sign performed far better than Rea or his team expected in Ireland and Europe, selling over half a million copies in just a few months.[30] The single I Can Hear Your Heartbeat charted in Europe.[32] With the album's success along with that of the subsequent Wired to the Moon (1984), which was his first Top 40 album in the UK (reaching No. 35), Rea began to focus his attention on touring continental Europe and building up a fan base.[48] He established a loyal following in West Germany, and believes this audience saved his career as there was no "image-led market", but only "by music and by word of mouth".[30] It was not until 1985's million-selling Shamrock Diaries, with its hit singles Stainsby Girls and Josephine, written for his wife and daughter respectively, that UK audiences began to take notice of him.[30][48]
On the Beach and Dancing with Strangers
His international fame grew with the million-selling studio albums On The Beach (1986), and Dancing with Strangers (1987) which reached No. 2 on the UK albums chart, behind Michael Jackson's Bad, and which included his first Top 20 UK single, "Let's Dance", which reached No. 12.[48][3][30] In 1986, Rea was a support act along with The Bangles and The Fountainhead for Queen at Slane Concert for an estimated 80,000 audience.[49] He also performed at Milano Suono festival at stadium San Siro, Italy.[50][51] By 1987, Rea was finally in a position to pay off the £320,000 debt he owed to the record company, and started to make significant earnings.[42] He signed with Warners, who also bought Magnet Recordings.[52] That year, the Dancing with Strangers world tour sold out stadium-sized venues, including two shows at Wembley Arena, and included Rea's first concerts in Australia and Japan.[30][53][34] Rea's American label, Tamla Motown, had told him that he should go to America and tour there for three years. Out of deference to his family, he did not do so. He commented that at the time he realized that "I could be as big as I liked, if I was prepared to do the touring".[30]
New Light Through Old Windows
Rea's next album was his first compilation - albeit an unconventional one, as most songs were new versions of older releases. New Light Through Old Windows (1988) was another million seller, climbing to No. 5 in the UK.[48] The album included re-workings of some of his charting singles, as well as a reworking of his recent single "Driving Home for Christmas".[3] Some of the tracks were successful in the US, including Working On It, which reached No. 73 on Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Mainstream Rock chart.[37][54] The re-recorded version of On the Beach reached the Top 10 on the US Adult Contemporary chart, and No. 12 in the UK.[48] The album's release and success was followed by an international tour with over 45 dates.[30][55]
1989–1994: Chart dominance, The Road to Hell and Auberge
Rea's tenth studio album was his major breakthrough.[3]The Road to Hell (1989) enjoyed massive success and became his first No. 1 album in the UK, being certified 6× Platinum by the BPI in 2004.[56] While the album peaked at No. 107 in the US, the single The Road to Hell (Part 2) climbed to No. 11 on the US Mainstream Rock chart, and was Rea's first and only UK Top 10 single.[57][58][48] The song Texas achieved extensive radio airplay in the state itself. In December 1989, Rea performed on the Band Aid II single "Do They Know It's Christmas?"[3] In 1991, Auberge repeated its predecessor's success, reaching No. 1 in the UK albums chart, and was another hit across Europe. The single of the same title made the UK Top 20.[48] Even at the peak of his success, Rea refused to mount an American tour or perform on MTV Unplugged, although he was a guest on Late Night with David Letterman, and also performed on the show.[59][60] Rea said his neglect of the US market was one of his biggest mistakes because "every time I see a car that's too much money, I definitely regret it, just for five minutes".[42]
After Auberge, Rea released God's Great Banana Skin (1992) which reached No. 4 in the UK, while the single Nothing to Fear gave him another Top 20 hit.[3][48] A year later the album Espresso Logic made the Top 10 and Julia, written about his second daughter, gave him his sixth and last Top 20 single.[48] The album was partly promoted by Rea's taking part in the non-Championship "TOCA Shootout" round of the 1993 British Touring Car Championship, although he was eliminated in the first round.[3] In 1994 another compilation album, The Best of Chris Rea, was released which peaked at No. 3 in UK.[48] That July, Rea performed with Peter Gabriel and others at Sonoria festival in Milan.[61]
1995–2005: Recovery from illness, return to blues roots and Blue Guitars
In 1994 Rea had developed stomach ulcers[62] The following year, he "got peritonitis and nearly died. Facing the prospect of never singing, touring or performing in public again, he characteristically embarked on a radical career shift and went into movies."[29] 1996 saw the release of the soundtrack album for La Passione, which Rea also wrote and produced. Two years later in 1998 The Blue Cafe, his fourteenth studio album, followed. It reached the UK Top Ten and received extremely positive reviews and a tour named The Blue Cafe Tour followed to promote the album. In 1999, ten years after The Road to Hell, the dance and electronica infused The Road to Hell: Part 2 failed to reach the UK Top 40. Rea rebounded in 2000, when King of the Beach made it to the UK Top 30.[48]
Rea was first "diagnosed with pancreatic cancer at the age of just 33".[63] In 2000, he underwent a Whipple procedure,[27][47][64][65] which resulted in the removal of the head of the pancreas and part of the duodenum, bile duct, and gall bladder.[26] Since having this surgery Rea has had problems with diabetes and a weaker immune system, necessitating the need to take thirty-four pills and seven injections a day.[66] He has undergone several subsequent operations.[26] Nevertheless, he found greater appreciation for life, his family, and the things he loves.[26][67]
In an interview, he said, "it's not until you become seriously ill and you nearly die and you're at home for six months, that you suddenly stop, to realize that this isn't the way I intended it to be in the beginning. Everything that you've done falls away and you start wondering why you went through all that rock business stuff."[26] A record company offered him millions of dollars to do a duets album with notable artists.[18] Having promised himself that if he recovered he would return to his blues roots,[27] he started the record label Jazzee Blue to free himself from his then current company's expectations. The first album under this label, Dancing Down the Stony Road (2002), reached No. 14[48] and was certified Gold by the BPI.[18][26][27] He wanted the label to be a place "where musicians came and made a record" of this style of music. Jazzee Blue released several blues and jazz albums mostly by members of his then current band.[68] He was disappointed with the music business when Michael Parkinson, who supported him to do Dancing Down the Stony Road, told him songs longer than three minutes were not played as often on radio anymore.[42]
In 2003, Rea released Blue Street (Five Guitars) and Hofner Blue Notes, and The Blue Jukebox the following year.[26] 2005 saw the release of Blue Guitars, a box set of 11 CDs containing 137 blues-inspired tracks with Rea's paintings as album covers, which is a once in a lifetime ambitious project about the history of blues music.[41][69][70] Rea said, "I was never a rock star or pop star and all the illness has been my chance to do what I'd always wanted to do with music [...] the best change for my music has been concentrating on stuff which really interests me".[41]
In February 2008, Rea released The Return of the Fabulous Hofner Bluenotes, dedicated to the 1960s Höfner guitars, with 38 tracks on three CDs and two 10" vinyl records - the vinyl replicated the tracks contained on the first CD of the set. The box set also included a hardback book of his paintings along with period photos.[26] The release of the album was followed by a European tour,[71] visiting various venues across the UK, including the Royal Albert Hall in London.[72] Part of the tour was recorded and released as a live DVD and his first live album, The Road to Hell & Back, to positive reviews.[73][74]
Rea released the compilation Still So Far to Go in October 2009 which contained some of his best known (and lesser known) hits over the last thirty years as well as songs from his "blues" period.[41] Two new songs were included, "Come So Far, Yet Still So Far to Go" and the ballad "Valentino".[41] The album reached No. 8[48] and was certified Gold by the BPI. Rea started the European tour called "Still So Far to Go" in January 2010.[41] His special guest on stage was Irish musician Paul Casey. The tour ended on 5 April at Waterfront Hall in Belfast.[41] In September 2011 Santo Spirito Blues box set was released. The set contained two feature-length films on one DVD written and directed by Rea along with three accompanying CDs - two of which featured the music from the DVDs and the third being a stripped back version of the related studio album.[75] Shortly after this release, in October and November, Rea underwent two surgical procedures.[76] On 3 February 2012 the Santo Spirito Tour started at Congress Center Hamburg in Hamburg, Germany, with additional visits to Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Hungary, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium and France. The United Kingdom part of the tour commenced in the middle of March and finished on 5 April at Hammersmith Apollo in London.[75]
November 2014 saw Rea embark on a European tour called The Last Open Road Tour, with the UK part of the tour commencing on 1 December in Manchester and ending on 20 December in London.[77][78] He also performed at the 2014 Montreux Jazz Festival.[79][80]
2016–present: Further illness, recovery, and retrospectives
Rea suffered a stroke in 2016 which left him with slurred speech and reduced movement in his arms and fingers. Soon afterwards he quit smoking to deter further strokes and recovered enough to record and tour.[81] In September 2017, he released his twenty-fourth album, Road Songs for Lovers, and embarked on a European tour starting in October until December.[82][83] On 9 December, Rea collapsed during a performance at the New Theatre Oxford, the 35th concert of the tour.[84] He was taken to hospital where his condition was stabilized.[85] This health issue caused the last two concerts of the tour to be cancelled.[86] In December 2020, Rea guest starred on the Christmas edition of Mortimer & Whitehouse: Gone Fishing, where he discussed his health issues over the years.[87][88][89]
On 18 October 2019, Rhino released 2CD deluxe editions of five of Chris Rea's most commercially successful albums, Shamrock Diaries,[90]On The Beach,[91]Dancing With Strangers,[92]The Road To Hell,[93] and Auberge.[94] Each contains a remastered version of the original album on the first disc, and remixes, rare and previously unreleased live tracks, single edits, and extended versions on the bonus disc. On 4 October, One Fine Day had been released, limited to 1000 numbered copies. The album contains tracks recorded in 1980 at Chipping Norton Recording Studios, most of which had never been released.[95] On 20 November 2020, the triple CD compilation Era 1: 1978 - 1984 was released. It contains a mix of A-sides, B-sides, foreign language versions and different mixes, as well as all of One Fine Day on disc 2.[96][97]
Rea's first guitar was a Höfner V3 or 173 which he bought in a second-hand shop because, at the time, there were not that many shops in Middlesbrough where one could purchase a guitar.[27] He played the V3 until 1979, although, by Rea's reckoning, it was a "dreadful guitar with an appalling action, but playing slide it didn't matter".[98] During his career the guitar most associated with him was a 1962 Fender Stratocaster which he called "Pinky". Rea bought the instrument after seeing a Ry Cooder concert at the City Hall in Newcastle. The guitar once was submerged in water for three months and was more mellow in sound compared to the classic hard Stratocaster sound. Since 2002 Dancing Down the Stony Road, his main guitar was an Italia Maranello he named "Bluey".[25][98]
Filmography
One of his childhood dreams was to become a film writer and film music composer.[19][29] Rea wrote the title track and music score for the 1993 drama film Soft Top Hard Shoulder.[99][100] He wrote and produced the 1996 film La Passione, partially inspired by Rea's childhood experience of falling in love with motor racing and F1Ferrari's driver Wolfgang von Trips.[3][101] Rea was the lead actor in the 1999 comedy film Parting Shots, alongside Felicity Kendal, John Cleese, Bob Hoskins and Joanna Lumley.[19] Rea, ironically, played a character who was told that cancer gave him six weeks to live and decided to kill those people who had badly affected his life.[3][19] Afterwards, two feature-length films were made for the Santo Spirito Blues project, just "so that I could do the music".[19]
References in lyrics
Rea has acknowledged that several of his songs were "born out of Middlesbrough", his hometown. The verse "I'm standing by a river, but the water doesn't flow / It boils with every poison you can think of" from "The Road to Hell",[26] the songs "Steel River" which refers to a nickname for the River Tees,[102][103] and "Windy Town,[26] reflect Rea's feelings about the industrial decline of Middlesbrough and the re-development of the town centre while he was out of the country touring through the years:
I went back to see my father after my mother had died and [they] had knocked the whole place down. I'd been gone three years, hard touring in Europe. I literally went to drive somewhere that wasn't there. It was like a sci-fi movie. The Middlesbrough I knew, it's as if there was a war there 10 years ago.[30][104]
I miss the bits of Middlesbrough that aren't there any more. It's very hard to accept that Ayresome Park no longer exists. I know I sound very old when I say things like that. Those terraced streets are no longer there. But I miss the old character of the place, the guys with the fruit barrows and all that.[26]
Personal life
Health
In 1994, Rea was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and underwent a life-saving operation to remove his pancreas, gallbladder, and a portion of his liver. As a result, he has type 1 diabetes.[105]
Family life
Rea is married to Joan Lesley, with whom he has been in a relationship since they met as teenagers on 6 April 1968 in their native Middlesbrough.[30][41] They have two daughters, Josephine, born 16 September 1983, and Julia Christina, born 18 March 1989.[24] Josephine lectures on Renaissance art in Florence and Julia studied at the University of St Andrews.[67] Rea used to live at Cookham, Berkshire,[52] where he owned Sol Mill Recording Studios and produced some of his later albums.[26][27] When he is not writing songs, other interests particularly include painting.[42][67][69][106] Rea says that he likes to "read a lot and even though I chose music, journalism was my first passion. I wanted to be a journalist and write about car racing [...] somewhere deep down I believe I could have been a decent journalist".[76]
He has taken the opportunity to get involved in Formula One on a few occasions, including as a pit lane mechanic for the Jordan team during the 1995 Monaco Grand Prix.[101] He recorded a song, "Saudade", in tribute to three-time Formula One world champion Ayrton Senna. It featured prominently in the BBC documentary movie.[116]
Politics
In a 2017 interview, amid the 2017 general election, Rea supported Jeremy Corbyn and even wrote a song called "What's So Wrong With A Man Who Tells The Truth?", saying "in the old way, Corbyn is useless. Because he says the wrong things. But the young people have had enough".[43] Rea considers that the politicians and government of the UK and EU became out of touch with the common people.[76] He is sceptical about the idea of unification of Europe because with a common European market "you [...] force different people to live together [when] they simply do not want to",[76] recalling the downfall of Yugoslavia.[76]
^Sinclair, David (27 April 2006). "Chris Rea". The Times. Retrieved 13 December 2017. From being a multimillion-selling, soft-rock tunesmith, Rea, 55, has turned into a hardcore disciple of the electric blues.
^Pellicciotti, Giacomo (12 March 1994). "Rea, la voce proibita" [Rea, the prohibited voice]. la Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 22 December 2020. Un teatro quasi tutto esaurito lunedì sera allo Smeraldo, ma soprattutto traboccante d' entusiasmo per il 43enne cantautore dalle incerte origini. Incerte nel senso che suo padre è di Frosinone, Italia, la mamma irlandese, lui è nato in Inghilterra, registra i suoi dischi preferibilmente in Francia e in famiglia affiorano perfino ascendenze jugoslave.
^Lazell, Barry (1989). Rock movers & shakers. Billboard Publications, Inc. p. 407. ISBN978-0-8230-7608-6. 1973 He becomes a proficient enough guitarist to join local professional band, Magdelene (whose singer David Coverdale has just left to join Deep Purple), and begins to develop his songwriting skills
^ abGentile, Enzo (26 February 2006). "Chris Rea Un sogno chiamato blues" [Chris Rea, a dream called blues]. la Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 22 December 2020. «In effetti ultimamente punto alle cose che amo. Negli scorsi anni ho dovuto affrontare e combattere una malattia al pancreas che di solito non lascia molti margini di speranza: e così ho imparato a curarmi poco del business, per coltivare invece le cose che realmente mi premono. E il blues è un modo naturale per guardarmi intorno e godere di quello che la vita ci riserva». E la pittura cos' è? Un secondo amore? «è un processo creativo che corre parallelo alla musica. I miei quadri sono un prolungamento emotivo, un tramite ideale per rilassarmi: una specie di complemento, per un dilettante assoluto»
