Clinton County, New York

Clinton County
Clinton County
County
	Clinton County Courthouse
	Flag Seal
	Location within the U.S. state of New York
	New York's location within the U.S.
	Coordinates: 44°44′N 73°41′W / 44.74°N 73.68°W
Country	United States
State	New York
Founded	1788
Named for	George Clinton
Seat	Plattsburgh
Largest city	Plattsburgh
Area
• Total	1,117.53 sq mi (2,894.4 km2)
• Land	1,037.85 sq mi (2,688.0 km2)
• Water	80 sq mi (200 km2) 7.1%
Population (2020)
• Total	79,843
• Density	71/sq mi (27/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district	21st
Website	www.clintoncountygov.com

Clinton County is a county in the north-easternmost corner of the state of New York, in the United States and bordered by the Canadian province of Quebec. It is the northeastern most county in New York. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 79,843.^[1] Its county seat is the city of Plattsburgh.^[2] The county lies just south of the border with the Canadian province of Quebec and to the west of the State of Vermont. The county is named for George Clinton, the first Governor of New York, who later was elected as Vice President. He had been a Founding Father who represented New York in the Continental Congress. Clinton County comprises the Plattsburgh, New York Micropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

History

When counties were established in New York State in 1683, the present Clinton County was part of Albany County. This was an enormous county, including the northern part of New York State as well as all of the present state of Vermont and, in theory, extending westward to the Pacific Ocean. This county was reduced in size on July 3, 1766, by the creation of Cumberland County, and further on March 16, 1770, by the creation of Gloucester County, both containing territory now in Vermont. On March 12, 1772, what was left of Albany County was split into three parts, one remaining under the name Albany County. One of the other pieces, Charlotte County, contained the eastern portion.

In 1784, the name "Charlotte County" was changed to Washington County to honor George Washington, the American Revolutionary War General and later the first President of the United States of America.

In 1788, Clinton County split off from Washington County.

In 1799, Essex County split from Clinton County.

In 1802, parts of Clinton, Herkimer, and Montgomery counties formed the new St. Lawrence County.

In 1808, Franklin County split from Clinton County.^[3]

Geography

Clinton County lies at the northeast corner of New York state. Its northern border abuts the Canadian province of Quebec. Its eastern border abuts the state of Vermont (across Lake Champlain). The encompassing region is referred to as the Adirondack Coast.^[4]

The Saranac River flows easterly through the central part of the county, discharging into Lake Champlain at Plattsburgh, and the Great Chazy River flows northeastward through the upper part of the county, discharging into Lake Champlain at Coopersville. The Ausable River forms a large part of the southern county line.^[5] The county's highest point is Lyon Mountain, in the town of Dannemora, at 3,830 ft (1,170 m) ASL.^[6] According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,117.53 square miles (2,894.4 km²), of which 1,037.85 square miles (2,688.0 km²) is land and 79.67 square miles (206.3 km²) (7.1%) is water.^[7]

Adjacent counties and municipalities

Grand Isle County, Vermont — east
Chittenden County, Vermont — southeast
Essex County — south
Franklin County — west
Le Haut-Richelieu Regional County Municipality, Quebec — north
Le Haut-Saint-Laurent Regional County Municipality, Quebec — north
Les Jardins-de-Napierville Regional County Municipality, Quebec — north

Protected areas

Adirondack Park (part)
Ausable Marsh Wildlife Management Area
Cadyville State Forest
Chazy Fossil Reef National Natural Landmark (part)
Dannemora State Forest
Dunkin's Reserve State Forest
Flat Rock State Forest
Kings Bay Wildlife Management Area
Macomb State Forest
Miner Lake State Park^[8]
Monty's Bay Wildlife Management Area
Point au Roche State Park
Valcour Island
- Valcour Island Primitive Area

Lakes

Chazy Lake^[5]
Fern Lake
Lake Champlain (along east border)
Mead Reservoir
Military Pond
Miner Lake
Mud Pond
Newberry Pond
Patterson Reservoir
Silver Lake
Slush Pond
Taylor Pond
Union Falls Pond (part)
Upper Chateaugay Lake

Government and politics

United States presidential election results for Clinton County, New York^[9]
Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
Year	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	16,514	46.60%	18,364	51.82%	559	1.58%
2016	14,449	45.01%	15,059	46.91%	2,597	8.09%
2012	11,115	36.26%	18,961	61.85%	580	1.89%
2008	12,579	37.73%	20,216	60.64%	542	1.63%
2004	15,330	45.44%	17,624	52.24%	782	2.32%
2000	13,274	43.44%	15,542	50.86%	1,743	5.70%
1996	9,759	33.58%	15,386	52.95%	3,915	13.47%
1992	13,455	42.06%	12,881	40.27%	5,652	17.67%
1988	15,702	54.97%	12,670	44.36%	191	0.67%
1984	19,549	64.22%	10,804	35.49%	90	0.30%
1980	13,120	48.79%	11,498	42.76%	2,272	8.45%
1976	15,433	56.94%	11,555	42.63%	115	0.42%
1972	17,048	63.60%	9,703	36.20%	53	0.20%
1968	11,951	51.58%	10,153	43.82%	1,064	4.59%
1964	6,078	24.82%	18,398	75.12%	16	0.07%
1960	11,154	44.70%	13,782	55.24%	15	0.06%
1956	16,295	70.46%	6,833	29.54%	0	0.00%
1952	14,535	64.50%	7,963	35.34%	37	0.16%
1948	9,694	49.07%	9,357	47.37%	704	3.56%
1944	8,775	46.66%	9,996	53.15%	35	0.19%
1940	10,369	47.56%	11,378	52.19%	53	0.24%
1936	10,521	48.85%	10,898	50.60%	119	0.55%
1932	8,263	42.67%	11,027	56.94%	75	0.39%
1928	7,824	41.68%	10,888	58.00%	59	0.31%
1924	7,918	57.80%	5,138	37.51%	642	4.69%
1920	9,062	67.70%	4,110	30.71%	213	1.59%
1916	4,986	53.68%	4,130	44.47%	172	1.85%
1912	3,903	44.74%	3,323	38.09%	1,497	17.16%
1908	5,474	55.54%	3,866	39.22%	516	5.24%
1904	6,327	59.06%	3,988	37.23%	397	3.71%
1900	6,326	58.81%	4,287	39.86%	143	1.33%
1896	6,005	65.35%	3,074	33.45%	110	1.20%
1892	5,135	50.60%	4,773	47.03%	241	2.37%
1888	6,271	56.72%	4,724	42.73%	61	0.55%
1884	5,973	53.44%	5,151	46.08%	54	0.48%

Like much of the North Country region, Clinton County has historically been a Republican county. However, it has voted for Democratic candidates at the state and national level in recent times. Since 1996, it has voted for the Democratic candidate for president in every election. In the 2008 U.S. presidential election, Barack Obama carried the county by a 22.9% margin over John McCain (Obama won every municipality in the county), and won by a 26.9% margin over McCain statewide.^[10] In 2006, both Eliot Spitzer and Hillary Clinton carried the county, winning 63% and 64% of vote, respectively. In 2010, Governor Andrew Cuomo, and Senators Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand won the county, each receiving more than 60% of the vote.

Republicans still win most local races. The county's Congressional district did not elect a Democrat to Congress until 2009 when Bill Owens defeated Doug Hoffman in the special election to replace John McHugh, who resigned to serve as the Obama Administration's Secretary of the Army. The special election received nationwide attention due to Hoffman, a third-party candidate and Tea Party favorite, polling higher than the Republican nominee, Dede Scozzafava, which ultimately led to her dropping out of the race and supporting Owens. It had not elected a Democrat to the State Senate or State Assembly in over a half-century until Billy Jones was elected to the State Assembly in 2016.

The Clinton County Legislature is the lawmaking body of the county. It consists of 10 members, each elected from single member districts.^[11] As of 2021, the County Legislature consists of five Republicans and four Democrats and a vacancy.^[12]

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.	%±
1790	1,615	—
1800	8,514	427.2%
1810	8,002	−6.0%
1820	12,070	50.8%
1830	19,344	60.3%
1840	28,157	45.6%
1850	40,047	42.2%
1860	45,735	14.2%
1870	47,947	4.8%
1880	50,897	6.2%
1890	46,437	−8.8%
1900	47,430	2.1%
1910	48,230	1.7%
1920	43,898	−9.0%
1930	46,687	6.4%
1940	54,006	15.7%
1950	53,622	−0.7%
1960	72,722	35.6%
1970	72,934	0.3%
1980	80,750	10.7%
1990	85,969	6.5%
2000	79,894	−7.1%
2010	82,128	2.8%
2020	79,843	−2.8%
US Decennial Census^[13] 1790-1960^[14] 1900-1990^[15] 1990-2000^[16] 2010-2020^[1]

2020 census

Clinton County Racial Composition^[17]
Race	Num.	Perc.
White (NH)	69,251	86.73%
Black or African American (NH)	2,753	3.45%
Native American (NH)	238	0.3%
Asian (NH)	957	1.2%
Pacific Islander (NH)	24	0.03%
Other/Mixed (NH)	3,764	4.71%
Hispanic or Latino	2,856	3.6%

2000 census

As of the 2000 United States Census,^[18] there were 79,894 people, 29,423 households, and 19,272 families in the county. The population density was 77.0 people per square mile (29.7 people/km²). There were 33,091 housing units at an average density of 31.9 units per square mile (12.3/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 93.33% White, 3.58% Black or African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.67% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.10% from other races, and 0.93% from two or more races. 2.46% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 23.7% were of French, 15.0% French Canadian, 12.5% American, 11.8% Irish, 7.6% English and 5.5% German ancestry according to Census 2000. 94.1% spoke English, 2.8% French and 1.7% Spanish as their first language.

There were 29,423 households, out of which 32.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.00% were married couples living together, 10.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.50% were non-families. 26.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.98.

The county population contained 23.00% under the age of 18, 12.40% from 18 to 24, 30.60% from 25 to 44, 22.10% from 45 to 64, and 11.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 104.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.60 males.

The median household income was $37,028, and the median income for a family was $45,732. Males had a median income of $33,788 versus $25,520 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,946. About 9.40% of families and 13.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.30% of those under age 18 and 11.40% of those age 65 or over.

Education

The State University of New York at Plattsburgh is located in the City of Plattsburgh. The county is also served by Clinton Community College, which is located in the Town of Plattsburgh.

Infrastructure

Clinton Correctional Facility, a maximum-security prison is located in the village of Dannemora. Altona Correctional Facility is a medium-security prison in the town of Altona.

Transportation

Highways

Interstate 87 - runs N-S, to the Canada–United States border^[19]
US-2
US-9
US-11
NY-3
NY-9N
NY-22
NY-22B
NY-190
NY-191
NY-374
NY-442
NY-456

Airports

Plattsburgh International Airport (PBG) – Plattsburgh
Clinton County Airport (PLB) – Plattsburgh
Rouses Point Seaplane Base (K21) – Rouses Point^[20]

Rail

Amtrak's Adirondack Train travels through the county, connecting Montreal to New York City. Two trains a day (one north and one south) stop in the county in Plattsburgh and Rouses Point.^[21]

Mass transit

The Clinton County Public Transit runs bus routes that branch from Plattsburgh to towns in the county.^[22]

Communities

Larger settlements


#	Location	Population	Type	Area
1	†Plattsburgh	19,989	City	Champlain Shore
2	Dannemora	3,936	Village	Mainland
3	Rouses Point	2,209	Village	Champlain Shore
4	‡Keeseville	1,815	CDP	Adirondack Park
5	Cumberland Head	1,627	CDP	Champlain Shore
6	Peru	1,591	CDP	Adirondack Park
7	Morrisonville	1,545	CDP	Mainland
8	Plattsburgh West	1,364	CDP	Mainland
9	Champlain	1,101	Village	Mainland
10	Altona	730	CDP	Mainland
11	Chazy	565	CDP	Champlain Shore
12	Au Sable Forks	559	CDP	Adirondack Park
13	West Chazy	529	CDP	Mainland
14	Cadyville	479	CDP	Mainland
15	Redford	477	CDP	Adirondack Park
16	††Mooers	442	CDP	Mainland
17	Lyon Mountain	423	CDP	Adirondack Park
18	Parc	254	CDP	Champlain Shore