Darién National Park

Darién National Park
IUCN category II (national park)
Collared aracari at Darién National Park
Location	Darién Province, Panama
Coordinates	7°44′10″N 77°32′50″W / 7.73611°N 77.54722°W / 7.73611; -77.54722
Area	5,790 km2 (2,240 sq mi)
Established	27 September 1980
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Official name	Darien National Park
Type	Natural
Criteria	vii, ix, x
Designated	1981 (5th session)
Reference no.	159
Region	Latin America and the Caribbean

Darién National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Darién) is a World Heritage Site in Panama. It is about 325 kilometers (202 mi) from Panama City, is the most extensive of all national parks of Panama, and is one of the most important World Heritage Sites in Central America.

The Darién National Park is a natural bridge spanning North and South America.^[1] It is located in southernmost Panama in Darién province and its southern boundary extends along 90 percent of the Colombia–Panama border. It lies between the Serranía del Darién range, which parallels the Caribbean Sea 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) to the north-east, and the Pacific Ocean coast. It is adjacent to the Los Katíos National Park in Colombia.^[2]

In 1972, an area of 700,000 hectares (1,700,000 acres) became part of the Alto Darién Protection Forest. In 1980, the area was declared a national park. In 1983, an area of 859,333 hectares (2,123,460 acres) became a UNESCO biosphere reserve.^[2][3] The park covers 5,790 km² (2,240 sq mi).^[4]

The Darien National Park has myriad habitats, ranging from rocky coastlines to sandy beaches to mangroves. The park also has expansive swamps and large areas of tropical forests.^[1] It is rich in biodiversity and contains numerous threatened species. It has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International.^[5]

The park is one of the few examples remaining in the world of a protected area inhabited by humans. Two native tribes dwell in the park.^[1]

Due to its extreme isolation, the Darién National Park is not very accessible. There are, however, two places where the park is often visited. Santa Cruz de Cana (more simply known as Cana) is one of them. Set in the middle of the park near the eastern slope of Cerro Pirre, Cana is one of Panama's most incredible outdoor areas. It has been called^{[by whom?]} one of the world's ten greatest bird watching spots. There are several trails and a ranger station there.^{[citation needed]}

The second point of access is Pirre Station. This is an ANAM ranger station set on the opposite side of Cerro Pirre. This area has primary forests and an abundance of wildlife, including several types of monkeys, sloths, and many bird species. There are several trails leading away from the ranger station that can be hiked. Travelers can stay in a basic dormitory at the ranger station.^{[citation needed]}

The park is notable for the Darién Gap, the only break in the Pan-American Highway on its intercontinental path from Argentina to Alaska.

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