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Dictyoglomus thermophilum

Dictyoglomus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Dictyoglomi
Patel 2021[3]
Class: Dictyoglomi
Patel 2012
Order: Dictyoglomales
Patel 2012
Family: Dictyoglomaceae
Patel 2012
Genus: Dictyoglomus
Saiki et al. 1985
Type species
Dictyoglomus thermophilum
Saiki et al. 1985
Species[1][2]
  • D. thermophilum Saiki et al. 1985
  • D. turgidum corrig. Svetlichny and Svetlichnayá 1995
Synonyms
  • Dictyoglomota:
    • "Dictyoglomaeota" Oren et al. 2015
    • "Dictyoglomi" Patel 2010
    • "Dictyoglomota" Whitman et al. 2018

Dictyoglomus is a genus of bacterium,[4] given its own Phylum, called the Dictyoglomi. This organism is extremely thermophilic, meaning it thrives at extremely high temperatures. It is chemoorganotrophic, meaning it derives energy by metabolizing organic molecules. This organism is of interest because it elaborates an enzyme, xylanase, which digests xylan, a heteropolymer of the pentose sugar xylose. By pretreating wood pulp with this enzyme, paper manufacturers can achieve comparable levels of whiteness with much less chlorine bleach.

It has been described as Gram-negative, with a triple-layered wall.[5]

References

  1. ^ J.P. Euzéby. "Dictyoglomi". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Archived from the original on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
  2. ^ See the NCBI webpage on Dictyglomi. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
  3. ^ Oren A, Garrity GM (2021). "Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 71 (10): 5056. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056. PMID 34694987.
  4. ^ Morris DD, Gibbs MD, Chin CW, et al. (May 1998). "Cloning of the xynB gene from Dictyoglomus thermophilum Rt46B.1 and action of the gene product on kraft pulp". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64 (5): 1759–65. Bibcode:1998ApEnM..64.1759M. doi:10.1128/AEM.64.5.1759-1765.1998. PMC 106227. PMID 9572948.
  5. ^ Kristjansson, Jakob K. (1992). Thermophilic bacteria. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 133. ISBN 0-8493-5239-8.

Further reading

  • Li, He; Kankaanpää, Anna; Xiong, Hairong; Hummel, Michael; Sixta, Herbert; Ojamo, Heikki; Turunen, Ossi (December 2013). "Thermostabilization of extremophilic Dictyoglomus thermophilum GH11 xylanase by an N-terminal disulfide bridge and the effect of ionic liquid [emim]OAc on the enzymatic performance". Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 53 (6–7): 414–419. doi:10.1016/j.enzmictec.2013.09.004. PMID 24315645.
  • Zhang, Wei; Lou, Kai; Li, Guan (2010). "Expression and Characterization of the Dictyoglomus thermophilum Rt46B.1 Xylanase Gene (xynB) in Bacillus subtilis". Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 160 (5): 1484–1495. doi:10.1007/s12010-009-8634-8. PMID 19430737.


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