Edmund Gwenn

Edmund Gwenn
Edmund Gwenn
	Gwenn in 1953
Born	Edmund John Kellaway; 26 September 1877; Wandsworth, London, England
Died	6 September 1959 (aged 81); Woodland Hills, California, U.S.
Resting place	Hollywood Forever Cemetery
Education	St. Olave's School
Alma mater	King's College London
Occupation	Actor
Years active	1895–1959
Spouse(s)	Minnie Terry; (m. 1901–c. 1916)
Family	Arthur Chesney (brother); Cecil Kellaway (cousin);
Awards	Academy Award, 2 Golden Globes

Edmund Gwenn (born Edmund John Kellaway; 26 September 1877 – 6 September 1959) was an English actor. On film, he is best remembered for his role as Kris Kringle in the Christmas film Miracle on 34th Street (1947), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and the corresponding Golden Globe Award. He received a second Golden Globe and another Academy Award nomination for the comedy film Mister 880 (1950). He is also remembered for his appearances in four films directed by Alfred Hitchcock.

As a stage actor in the West End and on Broadway, he was associated with a wide range of works by modern playwrights, including Bernard Shaw, John Galsworthy and J. B. Priestley. After the Second World War, he lived in the United States, where he had a successful career in Hollywood and Broadway.

Life and career

Early years

Gwenn was born in Wandsworth, London to John and Catherine (née Oliver) Kellaway.^[2] His brother was the actor Arthur Chesney, and his cousin was the actor Cecil Kellaway. Gwenn was educated at St. Olave's School and later at King's College London.^[1] He began his acting career in the theatre in 1895, and learned his craft as a member of Willie Edouin's company, playing brash comic roles.^[1] In 1901 he married Minnie Terry, niece of Dame Ellen Terry. In the same year, he went to Australia and acted there for three years with the J. C. Williamson company.^[1] His wife accompanied him, and when Gwenn was in a production of Ben Hur that was a disastrous failure, she restored the couple's fortunes by accepting an engagement from Williamson.^[3] Later, the couple appeared on stage together in London in a farce called What the Butler Saw in 1905^[4] and, in 1911, when Irene Vanbrugh made her debut in variety, she chose Terry and Gwenn to join her in a short play specially written by J. M. Barrie.^[5]

When he returned to London, Gwenn appeared not in low comedy but in what The Times called "a notably intellectual and even sophisticated setting" at the Court Theatre under the management of J. E. Vedrenne and Harley Granville-Barker.^[1] There, in 1905 to 1907, in the words of The Times, "he was invaluable in smaller parts [giving] every part he played its full worth", including Straker, the proletarian chauffeur to John Tanner in Bernard Shaw's Man and Superman, and Drinkwater, the cockney gangster in Captain Brassbound's Conversion.^[1] He also appeared in plays by Granville-Barker and John Galsworthy, in Elizabeth Robins's suffragette drama Votes for Women^[6] and in works by other contemporaries. In Barrie's What Every Woman Knows (1908) in the role of the over-enthusiastic James Wylie he impressed the producer Charles Frohman, who engaged him for his repertory company at the Duke of York's Theatre.^[1] In 1912, Gwenn went into management in partnership with Hilda Trevelyan.^[1] His career was interrupted by his military service during the First World War, serving as an officer in the British Army.^[1] During the war, Gwenn's marriage broke up and was dissolved. His ex-wife remarried but remained on affectionate terms with him.^[7]

Leading roles on stage and screen

After peace returned, Gwenn's leading roles in the West End during the 1920s included Old Bill in Bruce Bairnsfather's Old Bill, M.P. (1922); Christian Veit in Lilac Time (1922–23); the title role in A. A. Milne's The Great Broxoff (1923); Leo Swinburne in Good Luck by Seymour Hicks and Ian Hay (1923); and Hippolyte Gallipot in Lehár's Frasquita (1925).^[8] Looking back at Gwenn's career, The Times considered, "Out of scores of other parts which he played in England and in America, the best remembered are probably Hornblower in Galsworthy's The Skin Game, the Viennese paterfamilias in Lilac Time and Samuel Pepys in Fagan's And So to Bed in 1926."^[1]

Gwenn began his film career in 1916, playing Macbeth in The Real Thing at Last, a satire of the American film industry written by Peter Pan playwright J. M. Barrie. A notable early role was a recreation of his stage character Hornblower in the 1921 Anglo-Dutch silent film of The Skin Game, which he reprised ten years later in Alfred Hitchcock's early sound version of The Skin Game. His debut in a talking picture was in an adaptation of Shaw's How He Lied to Her Husband, made at Elstree in 1931.^[1] Of Gwenn's many British film roles, The Times considered his best known to be Jess Oakroyd in The Good Companions with John Gielgud and Jessie Matthews (1933) and Radfern in Carol Reed's Laburnum Grove with Cedric Hardwicke (1936).^[1] His final British film role, as a capitalist trying to take over a family brewery in Cheer Boys Cheer (1939) is credited with being the first authentic Ealing comedy.^[9]

Gwenn appeared in more than eighty films, including Pride and Prejudice (1940), Cheers for Miss Bishop, Of Human Bondage and The Keys of the Kingdom. George Cukor's Sylvia Scarlett (1935) was his first appearance in a Hollywood film, as Katharine Hepburn's father. He settled in Hollywood in 1940 and became part of its British colony. He had a small role as a Cockney assassin in a Hitchcock film, Foreign Correspondent in 1940.^[1] For his Santa Claus role in Miracle on 34th Street he won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He received a second Oscar nomination for his role in Mister 880 (1950). Near the end of his career, he played one of the main roles in Them! (1954) and in Hitchcock's The Trouble with Harry (1955).^[1]

On Broadway Gwenn starred in the acclaimed 1942 production of Chekhov's Three Sisters, starring Katharine Cornell (who was also the producer), Judith Anderson, and Ruth Gordon. Time proclaimed it, "a dream production by anybody's reckoning – the most glittering cast the theatre has seen, commercially, in this generation."^[10]

Later years

Gwenn remained a British subject all his life. When he first moved to Hollywood, he lived at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills. His home in London had been reduced to rubble during the bombings by the German Luftwaffe in the Second World War. Only the fireplace survived. What Gwenn regretted most was the loss of the memorabilia he had collected of the actor Henry Irving. Eventually, Gwenn bought a house at 617 North Bedford Drive in Beverly Hills, which he later shared with the former Olympic athlete Rodney Soher.^[11] At the age of 78 he travelled from his home in California for a reunion with his ex-wife in London.^[7] He told a reporter, "I never married again because I was very happy with my wife. I simply stayed faithful to the memory of that happiness."^[7]

Death

Gwenn died from pneumonia after suffering a stroke, in Woodland Hills, California, twenty days before his 82nd birthday. He was cremated, and his ashes were placed in the private vaults at the Chapel of the Pines Crematory in Los Angeles. Gwenn has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1751 Vine Street for his contribution to motion pictures.

On March 5, 2023, Gwenn's misplaced urn was located in Vault 5 of Chapel of the Pines Crematory by researcher Jessica Wahl and Hollywood Graveyard YouTube channel creator Arthur Dark. After a GoFundMe campaign organized by Wahl and Dark and with the permission of Gwenn's surviving family, Gwenn's urn was relocated to a publicly accessible niche in the Cathedral Mausoleum of Hollywood Forever Cemetery on December 3, 2023.^[12]

Filmography

The Real Thing at Last (1916) as Rupert K. Thunder / Macbeth
Unmarried (1920) as Simm Vandeleur
The Skin Game (1921) as Hornblower
How He Lied to Her Husband (1931) as Teddy Bompas
The Skin Game (1931) as Mr. Hornblower
Hindle Wakes (1931) as Chris Hawthorne
Frail Women (1932) as The Bookmaker - Jim Willis
Money for Nothing (1932) as Sir Henry Blossom
Condemned to Death (1932) as Banting
Love on Wheels (1932) as Philpotts
Tell Me Tonight (1932) as Mayor Pategg
The Good Companions (1933) as Jess Oakroyd
Cash (1933) as Edmund Gilbert
I Was a Spy (1933) as Burgomaster
Smithy (1933) as John Smith
Channel Crossing (1933) as Trotter
Marooned (1933) as Tom Roberts
Friday the Thirteenth (1933) as Mr. Wakefield
Early to Bed (1933) as Kruger
Waltzes from Vienna (1934) as Johann Strauss, the Elder
Warn London (1934) as Dr. Herman Krauss
Passing Shadows (1934) as David Lawrence
Java Head (1934) as Jeremy Ammidon
The Admiral's Secret (1934) as Admiral Fitzporter
Father and Son (1934) as John Bolton
Spring in the Air (1934) as Franz
The Bishop Misbehaves (1935) as Bishop
Sylvia Scarlett (1935) as Henry Scarlett
The Walking Dead (1936) as Dr. Beaumont
Laburnum Grove (1936) as Mr. Radfern
Anthony Adverse (1936) as John Bonnyfeather
All American Chump (1936) as Jeffrey Crane
Mad Holiday (1936) as Williams
Parnell (1937) as Campbell
South Riding (1938) as Alfred Huggins
A Yank at Oxford (1938) as Dean of Cardinal
Penny Paradise (1938) as Joe Higgins
Cheer Boys Cheer (1939) as Edward Ironside
The Earl of Chicago (1940) as Munsey, the Butler
An Englishman's Home (1940) as Tom Brown
The Doctor Takes a Wife (1940) as Dr. Lionel Sterling
Pride and Prejudice (1940) as Mr. Bennet
Foreign Correspondent (1940) as Rowley
Cheers for Miss Bishop (1941) as President Corcoran
Scotland Yard (1941) as Inspector Cork
The Devil and Miss Jones (1941) as Hooper
One Night in Lisbon (1941) as Lord Fitzleigh
Charley's Aunt (1941) as Stephen Spettigue
A Yank at Eton (1942) as Headmaster Justin
Forever and a Day (1943) as Stubbs
The Meanest Man in the World (1943) as Frederick P. Leggitt
Lassie Come Home (1943) as Rowlie
Between Two Worlds (1944) as Scrubby
The Keys of the Kingdom (1944) as Father Hamish MacNabb
Dangerous Partners (1945) as Albert Richard Kingby
Bewitched (1945) as Dr. Bergson
She Went to the Races (1945) as Dr. Homer Pecke
Of Human Bondage (1946) as Athelny
Undercurrent (1946) as Professor 'Dink' Hamilton
Miracle on 34th Street (1947) as Kris Kringle
Life with Father (1947) as Reverend Dr. Lloyd
Thunder in the Valley (1947) as Adam MacAdam
Green Dolphin Street (1947) as Octavius Patourel
Apartment for Peggy (1948) as Professor Henry Barnes
Hills of Home (1948) as Dr. William MacLure
Challenge to Lassie (1949) as John Traill
A Woman of Distinction (1950) as Mark 'J.M.' Middlecott
Louisa (1950) as Henry Hammond
Pretty Baby (1950) as Cyrus Baxter
Mister 880 (1950) as William 'Skipper' Miller
For Heaven's Sake (1950) as Arthur
Peking Express (1951) as Father Joseph Murray
Sally and Saint Anne (1952) as Grandpa Pat Ryan
Les Misérables (1952) as Bishop Courbet
Bonzo Goes to College (1952) as Ted 'Pop' Drew
Something for the Birds (1952) as 'Admiral' Johnnie Adams
Mister Scoutmaster (1953) as Dr. Stone
The Bigamist (1953) as Mr. Jordan
The Student Prince (1954) as Professor Juttner
Them! (1954) as Dr. Harold Medford
The Trouble with Harry (1955) as Captain Albert Wiles
It's a Dog's Life (1955) as Jeremiah Edward Emmett Augustus Nolan
Calabuch (1956, U.S. title The Rocket from Calabuch) as Professor Jorge Serra Hamilton
Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1957) (Season 2 Episode 36: "Father and Son") as Joe Saunders

Radio appearances

Year	Program	Episode/source
1940	Forecast*	The Lodger^[13]
1943	Suspense	The Fountain Plays
1944	Creeps by Night	The Strange Burial of Alexander Jordan
1949	Suspense	Murder in Black and White
1951	Stars of Hollywood	A Christmas Carol
1953	Stars over Hollywood	A Christmas Carol^[14]

Audition program for the Suspense radio program.

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q "Mr Edmund Gwenn – Versatile Character Actor", The Times, 8 September 1959, p. 13
^ "Gwenn, Edmund (1877–1959)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/57309. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ "Miss Minnie Terry", Table Talk, 9 October 1902, p. 10
^ "Wyndham's Theatre", The Times, 3 August 1905, p. 8
^ "The Theatres", The Times, 30 October 1911, p. 11
^ Hayman, Carole (1985). How the vote was won, and other suffragette plays. London New York: Methuen. p. 38. ISBN 0413583805.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Veteran Edmund Gwenn Keeps a Tryst", The Daily Mail, 12 July 1956, p. 3
^ Parker, pp. xxxvi–cxxii
^ "Screen Legends", The Observer Review, 20 December 2009
^ Review, Time, details of issue and page number needed.
^ "Rodney Soher" Archived 3 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Sports Reference, retrieved 28 May 2014
^ "OPENING THE VAULT: The Story of Chapel of the Pines". YouTube.
^ "Those Were the Days". Nostalgia Digest. 38 (3): 32–39. Summer 2012.
^ "Those Were the Days". Nostalgia Digest. 41 (4): 38. Autumn 2016.

References

Parker, John (1925). Who's Who in the Theatre (fifth ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons. OCLC 10013159.

External links

Edmund Gwenn at IMDb
Edmund Gwenn at the Internet Broadway Database
Edmund Gwenn in Screen Director's Playhouse: Miracle on 34th Street (1949) (Downloadable mp3 and streaming audio)
Edmund Gwenn in Lux Radio Theater: Miracle on 34th Street (1948) (Downloadable mp3 and streaming audio)
Regarding Edmund Gwenn (TCM Movie Morlocks), an archived page

[times-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q "Mr Edmund Gwenn – Versatile Character Actor", The Times, 8 September 1959, p. 13

[ODNB-2] "Gwenn, Edmund (1877–1959)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/57309. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[tt-3] "Miss Minnie Terry", Table Talk, 9 October 1902, p. 10

[4] "Wyndham's Theatre", The Times, 3 August 1905, p. 8

[5] "The Theatres", The Times, 30 October 1911, p. 11

[6] Hayman, Carole (1985). How the vote was won, and other suffragette plays. London New York: Methuen. p. 38. ISBN 0413583805.

[mail-7] "Veteran Edmund Gwenn Keeps a Tryst", The Daily Mail, 12 July 1956, p. 3

[8] Parker, pp. xxxvi–cxxii

[9] "Screen Legends", The Observer Review, 20 December 2009

[10] Review, Time, details of issue and page number needed.

[11] "Rodney Soher" Archived 3 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Sports Reference, retrieved 28 May 2014

[12] "OPENING THE VAULT: The Story of Chapel of the Pines". YouTube.

[twtd1-13] "Those Were the Days". Nostalgia Digest. 38 (3): 32–39. Summer 2012.

[14] "Those Were the Days". Nostalgia Digest. 41 (4): 38. Autumn 2016.

[15] The family members who were actors, or associated with the theatre, are highlighted in amber

[law-16] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Law, Jonathan (2013). The Methuen Drama Dictionary of the Theatre. A&C Black. ISBN 9781408145913.

[17] "Charles Terry". Ancestry. Retrieved 21 February 2016.

[18] Roy, Donald. "Neilson, Julia Emilie (1868–1957)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 7 January 2010

[elmbridge-19] "Edward William Godwin". The Elmbridge Hundred. Retrieved 21 February 2016.

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Edmund Gwenn

Life and career

Early years

Leading roles on stage and screen

Later years

Death

Filmography

Radio appearances

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links

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