Elections in Mongolia

Politics of Mongolia
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Parliament State Great Khural Speaker: Dashzegviin Amarbayasgalan Current members
Executive President (list) Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh Prime Minister (list) Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
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Mongolia elects its head of state—the President of Mongolia—at the national level. The president is elected for a six-year term by the people, using the Two-round system. The State Great Khural (Ullsyn Ikh Khural, State Great Assembly) has 76 members, originally elected for a four-year term from single-seat constituencies. Due to the voting system, Mongolia experienced extreme shifts in the composition of the parliament after the 1996, 2000, and 2004 elections, so it has changed to a system in which some seats are filled on the basis of votes for local candidates, and some on the basis of nationwide party preference totals. Beginning in 2008, local candidates were elected from 26 electoral districts. Beginning with the 2012 elections, a parallel system was enacted, combining a district part and a nationwide proportional part. 48 seats are chosen at the local level in 26 districts with 1-3 seats using Plurality-at-large voting. 28 seats are chosen from nationwide closed party lists using the Largest remainder method. In the district seats, a candidate is required to get at least 28% of the vote cast in a district to be elected. If there are seats that are not filled due to this threshold, a runoff election is held in the respective district with twice the number of representatives as there are seats to be filled, between the top vote-getters of the first round.^[1][2]. Mongolia also holds local elections in October of the same year, with 8031 seats across 2395 constituencies in all 9 districts, 21 provinces, and 331 sums (county) and Citizen Representative Khural (local governing councils) in Majoritarian system.^[3]

Dominant parties are the Mongolian People's Party (MPP), the Democratic Party (DP or AH), the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) and the Civil Will-Green Party (CWGP). In the 2012 legislative elections, the MPRP and Mongolian National Democratic Party ran together as the Justice Coalition, winning 11 seats.

Polls opened at 07:00 in 2,087 polling stations across the country for the 2.1 million registered voters, with special measures in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia. Voting ended at 22:00. Khürelsükh and Erdene voted in Ulaanbaatar while Enkhbat tested positive for COVID-19 and voted in hospital.^[4]

Preliminary results showed the ruling Mongolia People's Party had won a narrow and reduced majority^[5] in the Khural, which allowed Prime Minister Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene to publicly claim victory. The Democratic Party also gained 42 seats, an increase from the 2020 election.^[6] The full official results were presented by the GEC on 1 July 2024.^[7]

Party		Constituency			Proportional			Total seats	+/–
		Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats
	Mongolian People's Party	3,619,950	38.65	50	509,482	35.01	18	68	+6
	Democratic Party	3,135,988	33.48	26	438,506	30.13	16	42	+31
	HUN Party	636,648	6.80	2	151,111	10.38	6	8	+7
	National Coalition	291,166	3.11	0	75,196	5.17	4	4	New
	Civil Will–Green Party	269,582	2.88	0	73,006	5.02	4	4	+4
	New United Coalition	255,871	2.73	0	69,682	4.79	0	0	–
	Truth and Right Party	208,717	2.23	0	40,783	2.80	0	0	–
	Civil Movement Party	153,624	1.64	0	20,443	1.40	0	0	–
	Republican Party	116,561	1.24	0	19,635	1.35	0	0	–
	The Civic Unity Party	86,083	0.92	0	13,733	0.94	0	0	–
	People's Power Party	106,688	1.14	0	10,614	0.73	0	0	–
	Good Democratic Citizens United Party	42,961	0.46	0	6,104	0.42	0	0	–
	Motherland Party	52,803	0.56	0	5,621	0.39	0	0	–
	Liberte Party	45,730	0.49	0	4,738	0.33	0	0	–
	People's Majority Governance Party	30,760	0.33	0	3,619	0.25	0	0	–
	For the Mongolian People Party	35,183	0.38	0	3,461	0.24	0	0	–
	Mongolian Liberal Democratic Party	232	0.00	0	2,820	0.19	0	0	–
	United Patriots Party	213	0.00	0	2,168	0.15	0	0	–
	Mongolian Social Democratic Party	7,789	0.08	0	1,531	0.11	0	0	–
	Mongol Conservative Party	21,177	0.23	0	1,485	0.10	0	0	–
	Freedom Implementing Party	26,256	0.28	0	1,450	0.10	0	0	–
	Independents	222,957	2.38	0				0	–1
Total		9,366,939	100.00	78	1,455,188	100.00	48	126	+50
Valid votes					1,455,188	99.68
Invalid/blank votes					4,642	0.32
Total votes					1,459,830	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		2,089,935	–		2,089,935	69.85
Source: Ikon, Ikon, Parliament

• Electoral calendar
• Electoral system
• Political parties in Mongolia
• 2016 Mongolian legislative election
• 2012 Mongolian legislative election
• 2008 Mongolian legislative election
• 2004 Mongolian legislative election
• 2000 Mongolian legislative election
• 1996 Mongolian legislative election
• 1992 Mongolian legislative election

• Adam Carr's Election Archive