Gjerpen

Gjerpen Municipality

*Gjerpen herred*
Gjerpen Municipality Gjerpen herred
Former municipality
	View of the local Gjerpen Church
	Telemark within Norway
	Gjerpen within Telemark
	Coordinates: 59°13′27″N 9°36′28″E / 59.22418°N 9.60764°E
Country	Norway
County	Telemark
District	Grenland
Established	1 Jan 1838
• Created as	Formannskapsdistrikt
Disestablished	1 Jan 1964
• Succeeded by	Skien Municipality
Administrative centre	Gjerpen
Area (upon dissolution)
• Total	380.91 km2 (147.07 sq mi)
Population (1964)
• Total	15,300
• Density	40/km2 (100/sq mi)
Demonym	Gjerpasokning
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code	NO-0812
	Data from Statistics Norway

Gjerpen is a former municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The 381-square-kilometre (147 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now part of Skien Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Gjerpen, which is now part of the growing town of Skien. Gjerpen Church was the main church for the municipality.^[3]

History

The parish of Gjerpen was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). According to the 1835 census the municipality had a population of 4,381.^[4] Gjerpen was located east of the town of Skien. It encompassed districts such as Borgestad, Bøle, Gulset, and Luksefjell. On 1 January 1856, an area of Gjerpen Municipality (population: 1,286) was annexed by the growing town of Skien. On 1 January 1903, an unpopulated area of Saude Municipality was transferred to Gjerpen. Again, on 1 July 1916, another area of Gjerpen Municipality (population: 1,332) was annexed by the growing town of Skien. Then on 1 July 1920, an area of southern Gjerpen (population: 437) was transferred to the town of Porsgrunn.^[5]

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, Gjerpen Municipality (population: 15,300) was merged with the neighboring Solum Municipality (population: 13,706) and the town of Skien (population: 15,805) plus the Valebø area of Holla Municipality (population: 259). These areas became the new Skien Municipality.^[5]

Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Gjerpen farm (Old Norse: Gerpin; a corruption of Garpvin) since the first Gjerpen Church was built there. The meaning of the first element is unknown. It is possibly the old name of a local river. The river name may have been derived from the word gǫrp which means "the chattering one" or "the chuckling one", likely referring to the noise of the river. The last element is vin which means "meadow" or "pasture".^[3]^[6]

Government

During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.^[7]

Mayors

The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Gjerpen (incomplete list):^[8]

1838-1841: Herman Bagger
1841-1843: Christen Lund
1843-1853: Gunder Arnesen Augestad
1853-1856: Fredrik C.S. Borchsenius
1856-1857: Just Wright Grøndahl
1857-1859: Fredrik C.S. Borchsenius

Municipal council

The municipal council (Herredsstyre) of Gjerpen was made up of representatives that were elected to four year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political party.

Gjerpen herredsstyre 1960–1963 ^[9]
Party name (in Norwegian)		Number of representatives
	Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)	25
	Conservative Party (Høyre)	4
	Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)	3
	Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)	6
	Centre Party (Senterpartiet)	2
	Liberal Party (Venstre)	9
Total number of members:		49

Gjerpen herredsstyre 1956–1959 ^[10]
Party name (in Norwegian)		Number of representatives
	Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)	25
	Conservative Party (Høyre)	3
	Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)	4
	Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)	6
	Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)	2
	Liberal Party (Venstre)	9
Total number of members:		49

Gjerpen herredsstyre 1952–1955 ^[11]
Party name (in Norwegian)		Number of representatives
	Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)	17
	Conservative Party (Høyre)	2
	Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)	4
	Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)	6
	Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)	2
	Liberal Party (Venstre)	9
Total number of members:		40

Gjerpen herredsstyre 1948–1951 ^[12]
Party name (in Norwegian)		Number of representatives
	Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)	14
	Conservative Party (Høyre)	2
	Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)	6
	Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)	5
	Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)	2
	Liberal Party (Venstre)	11
Total number of members:		40

Gjerpen herredsstyre 1945–1947 ^[13]
Party name (in Norwegian)		Number of representatives
	Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)	14
	Conservative Party (Høyre)	2
	Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)	8
	Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)	7
	Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)	1
	Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet)	8
Total number of members:		40

Gjerpen herredsstyre 1938–1941* ^[14]
Party name (in Norwegian)		Number of representatives
	Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)	19
	Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet)	3
	Liberal Party (Venstre)	14
	Joint list of the Conservative Party (Høyre) and the Free-minded People's Party (Frisinnede Folkeparti)	4
Total number of members:		40
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Attractions

Gjerpen Church (Gjerpen Kirke) is one of the oldest churches in Norway, dating from around the year 1150. Vidkun Quisling was buried in the Gjerpen cemetery.^[15]

Mæla Manor (Mæla gård i Gjerpen) was the residence of merchant Diderich von Cappelen (1734–1794) and his first wife Petronelle Pedersdatter Juel (1737–1785). It was the childhood home of their sons Ulrich Fredrich von Cappelen, Diderik von Cappelen, and Peder von Cappelen. The former manor house is now operated as an auction facility (Nye Store Mæla Gård Auktion).^[16]

Fossum Ironworks (Fossum Jernverk), which was in operation from 1539 from 1869, was last owned by the Løvenskiold family. Løvenskiold-Vækerø, which is one of Norway's largest forest owners, owns and manages the large forest estate which formerly belonged to the Fossum Ironworks ^[17]^[18]