The 779-square-kilometre (301 sq mi) municipality is the 147th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Skien is the 18th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 55,924. The municipality's population density is 77.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (202/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.5% over the previous 10-year period.[5][6] The conurbation of Porsgrunn/Skien is reckoned by Statistics Norway to be the seventh largest urban area in Norway, straddling an area of three municipalities: Skien municipality (about 62% of the population), Porsgrunn Municipality (30%), and Bamble Municipality (8%). This entire area is home to more than 100,000 people.
The municipality has existed since 1838, but the city of Skien is one of Norway's oldest cities, with an urban history dating back to the Middle Ages, and received privileges as a market town in 1358. From the 15th century, the city was governed by a 12-member council. Skien was historically a centre of seafaring, timber exports, and early industrialization. It was one of Norway's two or three largest cities between the 16th and 19th centuries. It was also one of Norway's most internationally oriented cities, with extensive contact with its export markets in the Low Countries, the United Kingdom, and Denmark. It retained its position as Eastern Norway's leading commercial city until the 19th century, when it gradually started to lose importance to the emerging capital of Christiania following the Napoleonic Wars.[7] The city was the birthplace of playwright Henrik Ibsen, and many of his famous dramas are set in places reminiscent of early 19th-century Skien.
The municipality (originally the town of Skien) is named after the Skien river (Old Norse: Skiða) since it ran through the town. The name is the plural genitive case of the word skið which means "ski", likely referring to the straight path of the river.[4][9]
Coat of arms
The coat of arms is derived from the oldest known seal of the city, dating back to 1609. The blazon is "Gules, two crossed ski-poles with central star between two skis addorsed between two flower plants issuant from a terrace in base Or". This means the arms have a red field (background) and the charge is a two ski poles forming a cross with a star at the crosspoint located in between two skis which in turn are between two tall flower plants growing out of a flat ground at the bottom of the shield. A mural crown is usually displayed above the shield. The charge has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it is made out of metal, then gold is used. The skis are a semi-canting element (based on the meaning of the town's name) and the cross is a religious symbol. There have been several theories about the meaning of the cross, but its meaning is not clearly known. It has been suggested that it is a symbol for the main church in Skien, the Holy Cross church. The small star may be a symbol of St. Mary as the second medieval church of Skien was devoted to her. Besides the skis and cross, there are two meadow buttercups on each side. The municipal flag is white with a small image of coat of arms next to the name "Skien kommune".[10][11][12]
In 1854, the arms were shown as two skis, but the cross was now made from ski poles, as another canting element. This remained so until the early half of the 20th century. In the 1980s, the city officially adopted the current arms, which are identical to the oldest seal. The colours are the colours that have been used since the 19th century. The differences between the seal and the present arms are that in the arms the cross is placed on top of the skis and the star is changed from a four-pointed star to a six-pointed star, and that the cross is made of ski-poles.[10]
Until 1979, it was thought that Skien was founded in the 14th century. However, the archaeological discovery of a carving of the Skien animal has established that its founding preceded 1000 A.D. The city was then a meeting place for inland farmers and marine traders, and also a centre for trading whetstones from Eidsborg (inland Telemark). Gimsøy Abbey was founded in the 12th century. Skien was given formal commercial town rights by the Norwegian crown in 1358. Timber has historically been the principal export from Skien, and in the sixteenth century the city became the Kingdom's leading port for shipping timber. The oldest remaining building is Gjerpen church (built in approximately 1150).
From the 16th century, the city came to be dominated by a group of families known as patricians. In an 1882 letter to Georg Brandes, Henrik Ibsen mentions the families Paus, Plesner, von der Lippe, Cappelen and Blom as the most prominent patrician families when he grew up there.[13]
The current town layout was fixed after the last town fire in 1886.
The municipal council(Kommunestyre) of Skien is made up of 55 representatives that are elected to four-year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.
2024, Feb 1 - May 15: Jørn Inge Næss (FrP), Acting Mayor [44]
Transportation
Riksvei 36: Gunnar Knudsens Veg
Roads
The European route E18 highway runs through neighboring Porsgrunn and it connects to the Norwegian national road 36 which is the main road through Skien. It follows along the Skienselva river to the north. Another main route used by most buses coming from Oslo is Norwegian county road 32 which goes through Siljan and on to the northeast.
Water
Skien is the main terminus for the Telemark Canal. The "Norsjø-Skienskanalen" section of the canal, with one terminus at Skien and the other at Løveid, was built in 1854–1861. In Europe, canals were commonly built in the pre-railroad period to transport goods, timber, and passengers. The "Porsgrunn river" runs from the lock at Skien through Porsgrunn to the Frierfjord. Skien harbour is located at Vold havneterminal.
Skien Church is the largest church in Telemark county, and is famous for its two twin towers and great organ.
Ibsen and Telemark Museums
Skien was the birthplace of the author and playwright Henrik Ibsen, probably the most important writer to emerge from Norway. Many of Ibsen's plays are set in an unnamed provincial town that suggests Skien. The former Ibsen family homestead at Venstøp outside Skien was established as the Ibsen Museum in 1958. The Ibsen Museum has now been incorporated into the multi-site Telemark Museum, which includes several other historical sites.
Music and entertainment
Ibsenhuset is the local culture and conference center in Skien. It also houses concerts by international and national artists, opera, theatre and other cultural events. Skien kunstforening has a department in Ibsenhuset, and the local culture school and library are also located in the building. The venue is also home to the regional symphony orchestra, Grenland Symfoniorkester.
Teater Ibsen is the city theatre, and is still used for small productions.
In the summer of 2009 Elton John held a concert at the new Skagerak Arena, the soccer pitch for the local footfall team Odd. Next to Skagerak Arena is Stevneplassen, where car shows, concerts, flea markets and the annual "Handelsstevnet" – a trade fair with entertainment and a small amusement park – are held. The Handelsstevnet was closed down after the annual fair in 2011.
In Skotfoss, a small suburb of Skien further up the Telemark Canal, concerts are held at Løveid Sluser. There are plans to hold cultural events and concerts at Klosterøya (a downtown graffiti park).
Amusement parks
There are no local amusement parks in Skien. Lekeland was a small amusement park for children just outside the town, but it closed in 2008. Every year there is a traveling carnival with rides and merry-go-arounds for a week, in "Stevneplassen". There is an indoor waterpark and a big outdoor climbing park in Skien Fritidspark.[46]
Frogner Manor in Skien
Frogner Manor [no] (Frogner Hovedgård) is a manor house on the outskirts of Skien. The manor house was built for shipowner and timber merchant Christopher Hansen Blom (died 1879) and his wife Marie Elisabeth (Cappelen) Blom (died 1834). The main building is influenced by Italian Renaissance architecture. The garden was laid out in English landscape style in the 1850s.[47]
Kapitelberget church ruins
Kapitelberget
The Church on Kapitelberget (Kirken på Kapitelberget) was a medieval church. Kapitelberget was a private chapel on Bratsberg farm dating to the early 1100s. It is not known when the church went out of use, but Bratsberg farm burned down in 1156. in 1576, Peder Claussøn Friis reviewed it as a ruin. The site was first excavated in 1901. In 1928, Gerhard Fischer undertook restoration and preservation. The work was completed in 1933.
[48][49]
Economy
Media
The daily newspapers Varden and Telemarksavisa are published in Skien. The local television for Telemark, TVTelemark, is located in Skien.
Daftar keuskupan di Irak adalah sebuah daftar yang memuat dan menjabarkan pembagian terhadap wilayah administratif Gereja Katolik Roma yang dipimpin oleh seorang uskup ataupun ordinaris di Irak. Konferensi para uskup Irak bergabung dalam Majelis Waligereja Irak.[1] Masing-masing para uskup juga bergabung dalam konferensi internasional menurut ritusnya. Saat ini terdapat 15 buah yurisdiksi, terdiri atas 1 patriarkat, 2 keuskupan agung metropolit, 7 keuskupan agung, 3 keuskupan suffragan, …
Jakow Zak pada 1937 Yakov Izrailevich Zak (Ukrainian: Яків Ізраїлович Закcode: uk is deprecated ), (Rusia: Яков Израилевич Закcode: ru is deprecated ), Jiakov Israilevič Sak; Odessa, 20 November [K.J.: 7 November] 1913 – Moskwa, 28 Juni 1976) adalah seorang pianis dan guru Uni Soviet berdarah Yahudi. Lahir di Odessa, Zak belajar piano di Konservatorium Odessa di bawah bimbingan Maria Starkhova, mengambil kelas tentang harmoni khusus dengan Mykola Vilinsky, da…
United States historic placeChapple and Young BlockU.S. National Register of Historic Places Show map of IowaShow map of the United StatesLocation316-318-320 Main St.La Porte City, IowaCoordinates42°18′52.9″N 92°11′28.4″W / 42.314694°N 92.191222°W / 42.314694; -92.191222Arealess than one acreBuilt1892, 1896Architectural styleRomanesque RevivalNRHP reference No.02001025[1]Added to NRHPSeptember 20, 2002 The Chapple and Young Block is a hi…
Public university in Santa Cruz, California University of California, Santa CruzMottoFiat lux (Latin)Motto in EnglishLet there be lightTypePublic land-grant research universityEstablished1965; 59 years ago (1965)[1]Parent institutionUniversity of CaliforniaAccreditationWSCUCAcademic affiliationsAAUAPRUURASpace-grantEndowment$294 million (2021)[2]ChancellorCynthia LariveProvostLori KletzerStudents19,161 (fall 2020)[3]Undergraduates17,207 (fall 2020)&…
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Christian Paul et Paul. Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article ne s'appuie pas, ou pas assez, sur des sources secondaires ou tertiaires (janvier 2023). Pour améliorer la vérifiabilité de l'article ainsi que son intérêt encyclopédique, il est nécessaire, quand des sources primaires sont citées, de les associer à des analyses faites par des sources secondaires. Christian Paul Christian Paul à Lormes l…
Planche anatomique présentant des viscères humains : appareil digestif (intestins, estomac, etc.), poumons, cœur, etc. Un viscère[1] (du latin viscus signifiant « partie interne du corps ») désigne en anatomie un organe se situant dans une cavité corporelle : la boîte crânienne, la cage thoracique ou la cavité abdominale. Ainsi, au sens anatomique, le cerveau ou les poumons sont des viscères mais dans le langage courant et notamment dans le domaine alimentaire, ce…
Ian McEwan (2008) Ian McEwan (lahir 21 Juni 1948) merupakan seorang penulis buku berkebangsaan Inggris. Dia dilahirkan di Aldershot pada masa kecil dia menghabiskan waktunya di Asia Timur, Jerman, dan Afrika Utara. Dia pernah belajar di Woolverstone Hall School, Universitas Sussex, dan Universitas East Anglia. Bibiliografi Novels The Cement Garden (1978) The Comfort of Strangers (1981) The Child in Time (1987) The Innocent (1990) Black Dogs (1992) Enduring Love (1997) Amsterdam (1998) Atonement …
Church in Staatsburg, New YorkChapel of St. PaulLocationStaatsburg, New YorkDenominationRoman CatholicHistoryFounded1887DedicationSt. PaulAdministrationArchdioceseArchdiocese of New York The Chapel of St. Paul is a Roman Catholic parish church under the authority of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, located in Staatsburg, Dutchess County, New York. It was established in 1887. It is a mission chapel of Church of Regina Coeli in Hyde Park. History The first Roman Catholic church in Staat…
1982 Indian filmNizhal Thedum NenjangalPosterDirected byP. S. NivasWritten byThirupur ManimaranProduced byJayagowriStarringRajeevVijayashantiVadivukkarasiCinematographyP. S. NivasEdited byR. BhaskaranMusic byIlaiyaraajaProductioncompanySiva Chithra PicturesRelease date 14 November 1982 (1982-11-14) CountryIndiaLanguageTamil Nizhal Thedum Nenjangal (pronounced [n̪iɻal teːɖum n̪eɲdʑaŋɡaɭ] transl. Shadow-Seeking Hearts) is a 1982 Indian Tamil-language film dir…
Historic coffee plantation and estate in Maricao, Puerto Rico Hacienda Juanita Address Hwy 105 km 23.5 Maricao, Puerto Rico 00606Opening date1976ThemeAgricultural ComplexNo. of rooms21Signature attractionsSala del ParadorThe ForestNotable restaurantsLa Casona de JuanitaCasino typeLandOwnerHacienda JuanitaWebsiteHacienda Juanita Website Hacienda Juanita (built 1833-34) is a coffee plantation hacienda in the town of Maricao, Puerto Rico. The design is based on typical Puerto Rican culture, and was…
Cet article ou cette section contient des informations sur une série télévisée en cours de production, programmée ou prévue. Le texte est susceptible de contenir des informations spéculatives et son contenu peut être nettement modifié au fur et à mesure de l’avancement de la série et des informations disponibles s’y rapportant.La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 18 mars 2024 à 09:57. Hôpital central Données clés Type de série Feuilleton télévisé Titre …
Spanish football manager In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Manzano and the second or maternal family name is Ballesteros. Gregorio Manzano Manzano as manager of Mallorca in 2009Personal informationFull name Gregorio Manzano Ballesteros[1]Date of birth (1956-03-11) 11 March 1956 (age 68)[1]Place of birth Bailén, Spain[1]Managerial careerYears Team1983–1985 Santisteban1985–1986 Villacarrillo1986–1988 Iliturgi1988–1989 Villanueva198…
Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Saiful Anwar – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR (April 2017) Rumah Sakit Umum Daerahdr. Saiful AnwarPemerintah Provinsi Jawa TimurGeografiLokasiJl. Jaksa Agung Suprap…
CEPT Recommendation T/CD 06-01 was a standard set in 1981 by the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) for the display of Videotex; specifically, for the Videotex Presentation Layer Data Syntax. It was revised a number of times in the 1980s, and also later redesignated as recommendation T/TE 06-01. The standard aimed to bring a degree of harmonisation between Europe's emerging videotext systems, which had been diverging along national lines. It recognised fo…
United States historic placeBeverly Wilshire HotelU.S. National Register of Historic Places The Beverly Wilshire Hotel in 2007Show map of the Los Angeles metropolitan areaShow map of the United StatesLocationBeverly Hills, California, USACoordinates34°4′1″N 118°24′3″W / 34.06694°N 118.40083°W / 34.06694; -118.40083Built1928ArchitectWalker & Eisen[1]NRHP reference No.87000908[1]Added to NRHPJune 12, 1987 The Beverly Wilshire, A Fou…
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Club Atlético Douglas Haig – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2014) (Learn how and when t…