The Indo-Scythians Indo-Sakas were the branch of Saka empire South Asia . Indo-Scythians were a group of nomadic Iranian peoples of Scythian origin who migrated from Central Asia southward into the northwestern Indian subcontinent. They started expansion in South Asia from 200 to 100 BCE and established rule between 100 and 80 BCE, their rule in Indian Subcontinent was lasted until 415s CE.[ 1]
Territory of Indo-Scythians The first Saka king of India was Maues /Moga (1st century BCE) who established Saka power in Gandhara .
The Indo-Scythians extended their supremacy over north-western subcontinent, conquering the Indo-Greeks and other local kingdoms.[ 2] Kushan Empire , by either Kujula Kadphises or Kanishka . Yet the Saka continued to govern as satrapies, forming the Northern Satraps and Western Satraps . The power of the Saka rulers started to decline in the 2nd century CE after the Indo-Scythians were defeated by the Satavahana emperor Gautamiputra Satakarni .[ 3] [ 4] Rudrasimha IIII was defeated by the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II in 395 CE. Later Western Saka rulers (c. 396 to 415 CE) were conquered by Imperial Gupta Empire and it brings to end of Saka rule in Indian Subcontinent .[ 5] [ 6]
List of dynasties and rulers
This branch of Indo-Scythian ruled over regions of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Eastern Afghanistan and Gandhara region.
List of rulers– Maues , (c. 85–60 BCE)Vonones , (c. 75–65 BCE)Spalahores , (c. 75–65 BCE), brother of King Vonones and probably the later King SpalirisesSpalagadames , (c. 60–57 BCE), son of SpalahoresSpalirises (c. 57–47 BCE), brother of King VononesAzes I (c. 47–25 BCE), descended from Maues Azilises , (c. 25–20 BCE)Zeionises , (c. 10 BCE–10 CE)Kharahostes , (c. 10 BCE–10 CE)Hajatria (c. until 40/50 CE)
Territory of Northern Satraps List of rulers–
Ruler
Image
Title
Approx. dates
Mentions
Hagamasha Satrap
1st century BCE
In the archaeological excavations of Sonkh , near Mathura , the earliest coins of the Kshatrapa levels were those of Hagamasha.[ 7]
Hagana Satrap
1st century BCE
Rajuvula Great Satrap
early 1st century BCE
Bhadayasa Satrap
1st century CE
Possible successor of Rajuvula in Eastern Punjab
Sodasa Satrap
1st century CE
Son of Rajuvula in Mathura
Kharapallana Ksatrapena Vanasparena Kharapallanena Great Satrap
c. CE 130
Great Satrap for Kushan ruler Kanishka I
Vanaspara Ksatrapena Vanasparena Kharapallanena Satrap
c. CE 130
Satrap for Kushan ruler Kanishka I
Territory of Apracharajas Family tree– List of rulers–
Territory of Western Satraps Family tree– Genealogical table of the Western Satraps
This branch of Indo-Scythian ruled over regions of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and beyond .
List of rulers–
List of rulers– (main founder of the Western Satraps )
List of rulers–
Minor local rulers
See also
References
^ Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D". Social Science History . 3 (3/4): 115– 138. doi :10.2307/1170959 . JSTOR 1170959 . ^ Ahmad Hasan Dani. History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume 2 . Motilal Banarsidass Publ. pp. 191– 207. ^ World history from early times to A D 2000 by B. V. Rao: p.97
^ A Brief History of India, by Alain Daniélou p.136
^ Buddhist Landscapes in Central India: Sanchi Hill and Archaeologies of Religious and Social Change, c. Third Century BC to Fifth Century AD, Julia Shaw, Routledge, 2016 p58-59
^ Mirashi, Vasudev Vishnu (1955). Corpus inscriptionum indicarum vol.4 pt.2 Inscriptions of the Kalachuri Chedi Era 605– 611. ^ Hartel, Herbert (2007). On The Cusp Of An Era Art In The Pre Kuṣāṇa World 324 . ^ Dating and locating Mujatria and the two Kharahostes , Joe Cribb, p.29
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