Canadian ice dancers Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir are the only figure skaters to win five Olympic medals (three gold medals and two silver medals). Swedish figure skater Gillis Grafström and Russian figure skater Evgeni Plushenko have each won four medals. The only skaters with three consecutive titles are Grafström in men's singles, Sonja Henie for Norway in women's singles, and Irina Rodnina from the Soviet Union in pair skating. American Nathan Chen is the only skater to win two gold medals in the same Olympics.
On two occasions, there has been a podium sweep. Russian figure skaters hold the unique record of having won gold medals in all six Olympic figure skating events.
Men's special figures was only included in one Olympic Games before being discontinued. The sole winner of the event was Russian Nikolai Panin, who gave his country its first ever Olympic gold medal.[27]
At the 1964 Olympics, Marika Kilius and Hans-Jürgen Bäumler, Debbi Wilkes and Guy Revell, and Vivian Joseph and Ronald Joseph placed second, third, and fourth, respectively. Two years later, Kilius and Bäumler's results were invalidated because the pair had signed a professional contract before the Olympics. The silver medals were re-allocated to Wilkes and Revell and the bronze medals to Joseph and Joseph. However, in 1987, the German team was re-awarded their silver medals after an appeal. In November 2014, the International Olympic Committee clarified that both the German and Canadian teams were the silver medalists, and the U.S. team were the bronze medalists.[55][56]
At the 2002 Olympics, a controversy in the pairs competition culminated in the French judge's scores being thrown out and the Canadian team of Jamie Salé and David Pelletier being awarded gold medals.[57] Additionally, the Russian team of Elena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze were allowed to keep their medals despite the allegations of vote swapping and buying of votes of the French judge. Judges from Russia, China, Poland, Ukraine, and France had placed the Russians first; judges from the United States, Canada, Germany, and Japan gave the nod to the Canadians. A scheme had been hatched whereby the French pairs judge had agreed to award the gold medal to the Russian team, while the Russian ice dance judge was to award the gold medal to the French ice dance team. The International Skating Union announced a day after the competition that it would conduct an "internal assessment" into the judging decision.[58]Marie-Reine Le Gougne, the French judge implicated in collusion, and Didier Gailhaguet, president of the French Federation of Ice Sports, were found guilty of misconduct and were suspended for three years and barred from officiating at the 2006 Winter Olympics.[59]
The team event is the newest Olympic figure skating event, first contested in the 2014 Games. It combines the four Olympic figure skating disciplines (men's singles, women's singles, pairs, and ice dance) into a single event; gold is awarded to the team that earns the most placement points.
The results of the 2022 team event were fraught with controversy. The medal ceremony originally scheduled for 8 February was delayed over what International Olympic Committee (IOC) spokesperson Mark Adams described as a situation that required "legal consultation" with the International Skating Union.[99] Several media outlets reported that the issue was over a positive test from December 2021 that showed the presence of trimetazidine in a sample given by Kamila Valieva from the Russian Olympic Committee (ROC),[100][101] which was officially confirmed on 11 February. The Russian Anti-Doping Agency (RUSADA), under suspension from the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) since 2015[102] for its years of serving solely to hide the positive doping results of Russian athletes,[103][104] cleared Valieva on 9 February, a day after the December test results were released and two months after the test. The IOC, WADA, and the ISU appealed the RUSADA's decision.[105]
On 14 February, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) ruled that Valieva be allowed to compete in the women's single event, stating that preventing her from competing "would cause her irreparable harm in the circumstances", although her gold medal in the team event was still under consideration. The favorable decision from the court was made in part due to her age, as minor athletes are subject to different rules than adult athletes.[106][107] The IOC announced that the medal ceremony would not take place until the investigation was over and there was a concrete decision whether to strip Russia of their medals.[108]
On 29 January 2024, the CAS disqualified Valieva for four years retroactive to 25 December 2021 for an anti-doping rule violation which they found her to have committed.[109] On 30 January 2024, the ISU, among other actions, re-allocated the medals in the figure skating team event, upgrading the United States and Japan to gold and silver, while downgrading the ROC to bronze.[110] By 25 July 2024, the CAS dismissed all of Russia's appeals of their January decision,[111] and on 7 August 2024, the American and Japanese teams were presented with their gold and silver medals at a ceremony held at the Champions Park, near the Eiffel Tower, during the 2024 Summer Olympics.[112]
Ice dancers Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir are the most decorated Olympic figure skaters in history with a total of five medals.Ice dancers Marina Klimova and Sergei Ponomarenko won a bronze medal in 1984, improved to a silver in 1988, and capped their Olympic appearances with a gold in 1992.Russian ice dancers Oksana Grishuk and Evgeny Platov won the 1994 and 1998 Olympic titles.
Most medals won
Skaters who have won three or more Olympic medals are listed below.[116]
^Irina Rodnina won three medals in pair skating with two different partners: a gold medal in 1972 with Alexei Ulanov and two gold medals in 1976 and 1980 with Alexander Zaitsev.
^Artur Dmitriev won three medals in pair skating with two different partners: a gold medal in 1992 and a silver medal in 1994 with Natalia Mishkutenok and a gold medal in 1998 with Oksana Kazakova.
^Nikita Katsalapov won four medals with two different partners. In 2014, he won a gold medal in the team event and a bronze medal in ice dance with Elena Ilinykh. In 2022, he won a silver medal in ice dance and a bronze medal in the team event with Victoria Sinitsina.
^Aljona Savchenko won three medals in pair skating with two different partners: two bronze medals in 2010 and 2014 with Robin Szolkowy and a gold medal in 2018 with Bruno Massot.
Multiple gold medals
Swedish Gillis Grafström is a three-time Olympic figure skating gold medalist in the men's singles event.
The only skaters with three consecutive titles are Gillis Grafström in men's singles, Sonja Henie in women's singles, and Irina Rodnina in pairs. The most consecutive titles in ice dance is two, which has only been achieved by Oksana Grishuk and Evgeny Platov. In addition, one women's singles skater, three men's singles skaters, and five pair skaters have earned consecutive titles. Two ice dancers and three pair skaters have earned non-consecutive titles.
Five skaters have won Olympic gold medals in multiple events. Evgeni Plushenko won gold in men's singles in 2006 and team event gold in 2014. Tatiana Volosozhar and Maxim Trankov were the first skaters to win multiple events at a single Olympics, winning in both pairs and the team event. Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir matched this feat four years later, earning golds in ice dance and the team event.
^ abIrina Rodnina won three gold medals in pair skating with two different partners: one in 1972 with Alexei Ulanov and one each in 1976 and 1980 with Alexander Zaitsev.
^Artur Dmitriev won two gold medals in pair skating with two different partners: one in 1992 with Natalia Mishkutenok and one in 1998 with Oksana Kazakova.
Karl Schäfer won two Olympic gold medals in the men's competition in the 1930s.Yuzuru Hanyu is one of only two skaters to win two gold medals in the men's competition after World War II.
Norwegian Sonja Henie won three consecutive gold medals in the women's individual event (1928–1936).Katarina Witt from East Germany won the 1988 women's singles gold medal, becoming the second female figure skater in history to win back-to-back Olympic titles.Yuna Kim of South Korea won the women's singles event in 2010 with world record scores in the short program, free skating, and combined total.
^ abIrina Rodnina won three medals in pair skating with two different partners: one gold medal in 1972 with Alexei Ulanov and one gold medal each in 1976 and 1980 with Alexander Zaitsev.
^ abArtur Dmitriev won three medals in pair skating with two different partners: one gold medal in 1992 and one silver medal in 1994 with Natalia Mishkutenok and another gold medal in 1998 with Oksana Kazakova.
^ abAljona Savchenko won three medals in pair skating with two different partners: two bronze medals in 2010 and 2014 with Robin Szolkowy and one gold medal in 2018 with Bruno Massot.
^Nikita Katsalapov won two medals in ice dance with two different partners: a bronze medal in 2014 with Elena Ilinykh and a silver medal in 2022 with Victoria Sinitsina.
Multiple disciplines
Only three skaters have won Olympic medals in multiple figure skating disciplines. All other multi-event medalists won medals in their discipline plus the team event (which, while being a separate event, is not considered its own skating discipline).
In 1908, Madge Syers became the first skater to medal in multiple figure skating disciplines at a single Olympics. The only skater to match this feat was Ernst Baier in 1936. The only other skater to medal in multiple disciplines was Beatrix Loughran who did so at separate Olympics.
No skater has won gold medals in multiple disciplines.
Since figure skating was held during the Summer Olympic Games in 1908 and 1920 before being moved to the Winter Olympic, three skaters won medals in figure skating at both the Summer and Winter Games.
Men's singles skater Gillis Grafström's first gold medal was earned at the 1920 Summer Olympics. His other three medals were won at the 1924–1932 Winter Games. Pair skaters Ludowika Jakobsson and Walter Jakobsson also earned gold during the 1920 Summer Olympics. They later won medals at the 1924 Winter Games.
Country records
Winning streak
From 1964 to 2006, Russian figure skaters — representing the Soviet Union, the Unified Team, or Russia — won the gold medal in the pairs event, in what was the longest series of victories for one country in one winter event.[117]
Most events won
Russian figure skaters hold the unique record of having won gold medals in all six Olympic figure skating events. Since men's special figures was discontinued, this record cannot be matched.
Russia is the only NOC to have won gold medals in all five current Olympic figure skating events. Canada has won gold medals in four events, while Great Britain, the Unified Team, and the United States have won gold medals in three events.
Russia and the Unified Team are the only NOCs to have won three events at the same Olympics, at the 2014 Winter Olympics and the 1992 Winter Olympics respectively. No NOC has won more than three figure skating events at a single Olympics.
Podium sweeps
There have been two podium sweeps in Olympic figure skating history, where skaters from one nation won all three medals in a single event.
^Windhausen, John D. (1976). "Russia's First Olympic Victor"(PDF). Journal of Sport History. 3 (1). United States of America: North American Society for Sport History: 35–44. Archived from the original(PDF) on August 7, 2010. Retrieved July 15, 2009.
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