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The starting-points for List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars were fourfold: (1) Green's 'Registration of Cultivar Names in Ulmus ' (1964),^[1] based on the contemporary nomenclature of elm species and wild hybrids; (2) Krüssmann's confirmation or correction of cultivar-names in his monumental Handbuch der Laubgehölze (1976);^[2] (3) Heybroek's table of Netherlands research clones in his essay 'Resistant elms for Europe' (1983);^[3] and (4) Santamour and Bentz's 'Updated Checklist of Elm (Ulmus) Cultivars for use in North America' (1995).^[4] Since the 1990s there have been many new cultivars, some 'disease-resistant', either species cultivars (e.g. U. minor 'Ademuz', U. americana 'New Harmony') or cultivars with complex hybrid origins, the subject of ongoing trials. Information on these is taken from post-1990 scientific papers (see 'Further reading' below), pteleologists' articles,^[5][6][7][8] and updated handbooks.^[9] There has not yet (2024) been a single recent collation comparable to Green's.

Green and Krüssmann acknowledged their debt to Rehder's list of elm-cultivar synonyms (1949),^[10] and to Schneider (1906),^[11] but the digitisation of older dendrologies, handbooks, and nursery-catalogues^[12][13][14] added cultivars and cultivation information missed or omitted by these four authorities.^{[note 1]} The list below makes good some of these omissions, additions justified by the survival of extensive elm collections in disease-control locations such as Edinburgh (known to have been stocked from one such nursery^[15]), Brighton, Sweden,^[8] and New Zealand. Australia remains disease-free (2024) and has in quantity both well-known clones (e.g. 'Lutescens') and at least one old cultivar missed by Green and Krüssmann ('Canadian Giant'), as well as others that do not match European 'types'.^[16] "Deliberate planting of selected clones," wrote Spencer (1995) "combined with chance hybridisation, has resulted in a mix of elms [in Australia] rather different from that in England"^[17] (see Elms in Australia).

The older elm cultivars (sometimes called 'varieties') usually bore simple descriptive Latin names (e.g. 'Tortuosa', 'Argenteo-Variegata', 'Stricta') under their contemporary species headings, or, later, under hybrid headings, as hybrids were then understood. Early lists, with no more information than this,^[18] abound, and are a further source for the articles listed below; one of the fullest is, e.g., Beissner's (1903).^[19] Amongst the more discursive treatments, however, that included cultivation-history and subjective comment (and sometimes illustrations), used in articles in this list, were those of Loudon (1838)^[20] and Elwes and Henry (1913) in the UK,^[21] Browne in USA (1851),^[22] Petzold in Germany (1864),^[23] and Fontaine in the Nertherlands (1965).^[24] These more discursive and subjective dendrologists are frequently cited in the articles listed below for information that would have been out of place in Green and Krüssmann.

The turn of the 20th century was the heyday of ornamental elm cultivation,^{[note 2][21][25]} and Green noted that many cultivars had been inadequately described or illustrated before they were almost wiped out by the catastrophes of two Dutch elm disease epidemics and two world wars. Some had been described only from juvenile specimens whose ultimate size was unknown (e.g. U. minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' Späth). The digitisation of university and arboretum herbarium specimens, however, (leaves and fruit), bearing original labels, – a process more advanced, by the 2020s, in European^[26] and American collections^[27] than in those of the UK,^[28][29] – and of old photographs of known cultivar-locations (see e.g. 'Atropurpurea'), has confirmed or supplemented the descriptions in many of the listed items. 'Lost' cultivars identified by Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh since 2016 through such old planting-location information,^[15] and through herbarium specimens, – and returned to cultivation, – include U. × hollandica 'Wentworthii Pendula', U. minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' Späth, and U. glabra 'Concavaefolia'.^[30][31][32]

Until the early 20th century, both wych cultivars and those of large-leaved European hybrids were often classified as Ulmus montana.^[12][21][19] The likely hybrid origin of some of the latter had, however, long been suspected,^[11] English carpenters for example referring to their 'Dutch elm' as 'bastard elm',^[21] while nurserymen knew that popular cultivars like 'Belgica' and 'Vegeta' could be raised reliably only by vegetative propagation or cloning, their seedlings not coming true to type.^[21] The nomenclature of hybrids was systematised by the mid-20th century.^[10] Research leading to the selection and breeding of cultivars resistant to Dutch elm disease was under way in the Netherlands from the 1920s, in the US from the 1930s, in Italy from the 1970s, and in Spain from the 1990s.^[33]

Lace Parasol.

Brazos Rim

U. glabra × U. pumila. Russia

U. serotina × U. crassifolia. US

U. chumlia × U. wallichiana. India, Pakistan

Ulmus davidiana var. japonica × U. minor. US

U. glabra × U. minor 'Coritana' × U. minor 'Plotii'. UK

U. glabra × U. minor. [Dutch Elm, (US) Netherland Elm.] Europe

Ulmus x intermedia. US

U. macrocarpa × U. davidiana var. japonica. Korea

U. minor × U. pumila. Spain, Italy, Uzbekistan ^{[note 3]}

• Ulmus 'Amsterdam'. 'Bea Schwarz' × U. minor. Netherlands, before 1950.
• Ulmus 'Arno'. 'Plantyn' × U. pumila. Italy, 2006.
• Ulmus 'Cathedral'. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1994.
• Ulmus 'Charisma': See under 'Morton Glossy' = Triumph
• Ulmus 'Clusius'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × 'Bea Schwarz' selfed. Netherlands, 1983.
• Ulmus 'Columella'. 'Plantyn' × U. minor. Netherlands, 1989.
• Ulmus 'Curro'. U. minor R1 × U. minor S22. Spain, 2022. ^[34]
• Ulmus 'Den Haag'. U. pumila × 'Belgica'. Netherlands, 1936.
• Ulmus 'Dodoens'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) selfed. Netherlands, 1973.
• Ulmus 'Endeavor'. (U. americana × U. davidiana var. japonica) . US, 2022. ^[35][36]
• Ulmus 'Europa'. ((U. glabra × U. minor) × 'Commelin'). Netherlands, 2021.
• Ulmus 'Fagel'. (U. wallichiana × ‘Commelin’) × (‘Dodoens’ × (U. glabra × U. minor)). Netherlands, 2021.
• Ulmus 'Frontier'. U. minor × U. parvifolia. US, 1990.
• Ulmus 'Klondike'. 'Plantyn' × 'Wredei'. Netherlands, 2021.
• Ulmus 'Homestead'. U. pumila × ('Commelin' × (U. pumila × 'Hoersholmiensis')). US, 1984.
• Ulmus 'Karagatch'. U. pumila × U. × androssowii? Turkestan,  c. 1910
• Ulmus 'Lobel'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × 'Bea Schwarz' selfed. Netherlands, 1973.
• Ulmus 'Marga'. U. minor R2 × U. minor S32. Spain, 2022. ^[34]
• Ulmus 'Morfeo'. (U. × hollandica × U. minor) × U. chenmoui. Italy, 2010.
• Ulmus 'Morton' = Accolade. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. davidiana var. japonica. US, 2000.
• Ulmus 'Morton Glossy' = Triumph. 'Morton' = Accolade × 'Morton Plainsman' = Vanguard. US, 2000.
• Ulmus 'Morton Plainsman' = Vanguard. U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica. US, 2000.
• Ulmus 'Morton Red Tip' = Danada Charm. 'Morton' = Accolade open pollination. US, circa 2000.
• Ulmus 'Morton Stalwart' = Commendation. 'Morton' = Accolade × (U. pumila × U. minor). US, 2000.
• Ulmus 'Nanguen' = Lutèce. 'Plantyn' × ('Bea Schwarz' × 'Bea Schwarz' selfed). Netherlands, 2002.
• Ulmus 'New Horizon'. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1994.
• Ulmus 'Night Rider'. U. davidiana var. japonica × (U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila). Canada, 2020.
• Ulmus 'Patriot'. 'Urban' × 'Prospector'. US, 1993.
• Ulmus 'Plantyn' or 'Plantijn'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × (U. minor × U. minor). Netherlands, 1973.
• Ulmus 'Plinio'. 'Plantyn' × U. pumila. Italy, 2002.
• Ulmus 'Rageth'. US, before 1954.
• Ulmus 'Rebella'. U. parvifolia × U. americana. US, 2011.
• Ulmus 'Rebona'. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1993.
• Ulmus 'Regal'. 'Commelin' × Dutch clone '215' (U. pumila × 'Hoersholmiensis'). US, 1983.
• Ulmus 'Repura'. 'Regal' × (U. rubra × (U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica)). US, 1993.
• Ulmus 'Revera'. 'Regal' × (U. rubra × (U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica)). US, 1993.
• Ulmus 'San Zanobi'. 'Plantyn' × U. pumila. Italy, 2002.
• Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'. U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1975.
• Ulmus 'Sapporo Gold 2' (Resista). U. davidiana var. japonica × U. pumila. US, 1990.
• Ulmus 'Stavast'. ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × 'Commelin'. Netherlands, c.1985.
• Ulmus 'Urban'. Dutch clone '148' ('Vegeta' × U. minor) × U. pumila. US, 1976.
• Ulmus 'Wanoux' = Vada. 'Plantyn' × 'Plantyn' selfed. Netherlands, 2006.
• Ulmus 'Wingham'. (((U. wallichiana × U. minor) × (U. pumila × U. minor)) o.p. × (U. × hollandica ‘Vegeta’ × U. minor)) o.p. UK, 2019.
• and others without formal hybrid names.

• Acutifolia
• Alata
• Alksuth
• Argenteo-Marginata
• Aspera
• Atropurpurea
• Australis
• Berardii
• Betulaefolia Nigrescens
• Crispa
• Crispa Aurea
• Crispa Pendula
• Densa
• Escaillard
• Exoniensis
• Fastigiata Glabra
• Folia Aurea
• Folia Rubra
• Folia Variegata Pendula
• Gallica
• Glabra
• Globosa
• Hamburg
• Hertfordensis Angustifolia
• Hertfordensis Latifolia
• Hillieri
• Jacqueline Hillier
• Jalaica
• Kansas Hybrid
• Klemmer Blanc
• Koopmannii
• Lombartsii
• Louis van Houtte
• Marmorata
• Monstrosa
• Myrtifolia
• Myrtifolia Purpurea
• Nemoralis
• Nigrescens
• Planeroides
• Planifolia
• Purpurea
• Pyramidalis Bertini
• Ramulosa
• Rotundifolia
• Rubra
• Rufa
• Rugosa
• Scampstoniensis
• Sericea
• Tiliaefolia
• Tortuosa
• Turkestanica
• Variegata Nova
• Virens

Others

• aff. 'Plotii'
• Ulmus of King & Co

• Pitteurs Pendula

• Lists of cultivars
• National Elm Trial

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• Armstrong, J. V.; Sell, P. D. (1996). "A revision of the British elms (Ulmus L., Ulmaceae): the historical background". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 120: 39–50. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb00478.x. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
• Bean, W. J. (1981). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition. Murray, London.
• Brasier, C. M. (1996). New horizons in Dutch elm disease control. Pages 20–28 in: Report on Forest Research, 1996. Forestry Commission. HMSO, London, UK.[4] Archived 2007-06-28 at the Wayback Machine
• Brookes, A. H. (2015). Disease-resistant elms, Butterfly Conservation trials report, 2015 Butterfly Conservation, Hants & IoW Branch, England. [5]
• Burdekin, D.A.; Rushforth, K.D. (November 1996). "Elms resistant to Dutch elm disease" (PDF). Arboriculture Research Note. 2/96. Revised by J.F. Webber. Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham: Arboricultural Advisory & Information Service: 1–9. ISSN 1362-5128. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
• Cornell University: Elm hybrids (pdf file)
• Elowsky, C.G.; Jordon-Thaden, I.E.; Kaul, R.B. (2013-07-17). "A morphological analysis of a hybrid swarm of native Ulmus rubra Muhl. and introduced U. pumila L. (Ulmaceae) in southeastern Nebraska" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 44: 1–23.
• Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. pp 1848–1929. Private publication [6]
• Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. doi:10.5962/p.249479. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
• Northern Arizona University: Elm trials.
• Richens, R. H. (1983). Elm. Cambridge University Press.
• Santamour, J., Frank, S. & Bentz, S. (1995). Updated checklist of elm (Ulmus) cultivars for use in North America. Journal of Arboriculture, 21:3 (May 1995), 121-131. International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, US.
• Santini, A., Fagnani, A., Ferrini, F. & Mittempergher, L. (2002). 'San Zanobi' & 'Plinio' Elm Trees. HortScience, Vol. 37 (7) : 1139–1141. Dec. 2002.
• Smalley, E. B. & Guries, R. P. (1993). Breeding Elms for Resistance to Dutch Elm Disease. Annual Review of Phytopathology Vol. 31 : 325-354. Palo Alto, California.
• Ware, G. (1995). Little-known elms from China: landscape tree possibilities. Journal of Arboriculture, (Nov. 1995). International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, US. [7].

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