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Lysithea (moon)

Lysithea
Discovery ^[1]
Near-infrared photograph of Lysithea (center) by the 2MASS survey
Discovered by	Seth B. Nicholson
Discovery site	Mt. Wilson Observatory
Discovery date	6 July 1938
Designations
Designation	Jupiter X
Pronunciation	/laɪˈsɪθiə/^[2]^[3]
Named after	Λυσιθέα Lysithea
Adjectives	Lysithean /laɪˈsɪθiən/^[4]
Orbital characteristics ^[5]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Observation arc	79.87 yr (29,171 days)
Semi-major axis	0.0782144 AU (11,700,710 km)
Eccentricity	0.1478734
Orbital period (sidereal)	+258.57 d
Mean anomaly	27.18992°
Mean motion	1° 23^m 32.227^s / day
Inclination	26.29254° (to ecliptic)
Longitude of ascending node	343.46495°
Argument of perihelion	94.80010°
Satellite of	Jupiter
Group	Himalia group
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	42.2±0.7 km (WISE)^[6] 42.2±3 km (occultation)^[7]^: 6
Synodic rotation period	12.78±0.10 h^[8]
Albedo	0.036±0.006^[6]
Spectral type	C/P^[6]
Apparent magnitude	18.2^[9]
Absolute magnitude (H)	11.2^[5]

Lysithea /laɪˈsɪθiə/ is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson in 1938 at Mount Wilson Observatory^[1] and is named after the mythological Lysithea, daughter of Oceanus and one of Zeus' lovers.^[10]

Lysithea did not receive its present name until 1975; before then, it was simply known as Jupiter X. It was sometimes called "Demeter"^[11] from 1955 to 1975.

It belongs to the Himalia group, moons orbiting between 11 and 13 Gm from Jupiter at an inclination of about 28.3°.^[12] Its orbital elements are as of January 2000. They are continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations. It is gray in color (B−V=0.72, V−R=0.36, V−I=0.74) and intermediate between C-type and P-type asteroids.^[13]^[6]

Lysithea observed by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) spacecraft in 2014

References

^ ^a ^b Nicholson, S. B. (October 1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 50 (297): 292–293. Bibcode:1938PASP...50..292N. doi:10.1086/124963. S2CID 120216615.
^ "Lysithea". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
^ Cf. also 'Lysithous' in Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
^ Yenne (1987) The Atlas of the Solar System.
^ ^a ^b "M.P.C. 115890" (PDF). Minor Planet Circular. Minor Planet Center. 27 August 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Mainzer, A. K.; Masiero, J. R.; Nugent, C. R.; Cutri, R. M.; et al. (August 2015). "NEOWISE: Observations of the Irregular Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 809 (1): 9. arXiv:1505.07820. Bibcode:2015ApJ...809....3G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/3. S2CID 5834661. 3.
^ Gomes-Júnior, A. R. (April 2021). "The Irregular Satellites of the Giant Planets" (PDF). Journal for Occultation Astronomy. 11 (2): 3–9. Bibcode:2021JOA....11b...3G.
^ Luu, Jane (September 1991). "CCD photometry and spectroscopy of the outer Jovian satellites". Astronomical Journal. 102: 1213–1225. Bibcode:1991AJ....102.1213L. doi:10.1086/115949. ISSN 0004-6256.
^ Sheppard, Scott. "Scott S. Sheppard - Jupiter Moons". Department of Terrestrial Magnetism. Carnegie Institution for Science. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
^ Marsden, Brian G. (7 October 1975). "Satellites of Jupiter". International Astronomical Union.
^ Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-478107-4.
^ Jacobson, R.A. (2000). "The orbits of outer Jovian satellites" (PDF). Astronomical Journal. 120 (5): 2679–2686. Bibcode:2000AJ....120.2679J. doi:10.1086/316817. S2CID 120372170.
^ Grav, Tommy; Holman, M. J.; Gladman, B. J.; Aksnes, K. (2003). "Photometric survey of the irregular satellites". Icarus. 166 (1): 33–45. arXiv:astro-ph/0301016. Bibcode:2003Icar..166...33G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.07.005. S2CID 7793999.

External links

v t e Moons of Jupiter
Listed in increasing approximate distance from Jupiter
Inner moons	Metis Adrastea Amalthea Thebe
Galilean moons	Io Europa Ganymede Callisto
Themisto	Themisto
Himalia group (9)	Leda Ersa S/2018 J 2 Himalia Pandia Lysithea Elara S/2011 J 3 Dia
Carpo group (2)	S/2018 J 4 Carpo
Valetudo	Valetudo
Ananke group (26)	Euporie Jupiter LV Eupheme S/2021 J 3 Jupiter LII Jupiter LIV Mneme Euanthe S/2003 J 16 Harpalyke Orthosie S/2022 J 3 Helike S/2021 J 2 Praxidike Jupiter LXIV S/2021 J 1 S/2003 J 12 Jupiter LXVIII Thelxinoe Thyone S/2003 J 2 Ananke Iocaste Hermippe Jupiter LXX
Carme group (30)	S/2022 J 1 S/2022 J 2 S/2016 J 3 Pasithee Jupiter LXIX S/2021 J 6 S/2003 J 24 Chaldene Jupiter LXIII Isonoe S/2021 J 4 Kallichore Erinome Kale Eirene Aitne Eukelade Arche Taygete Jupiter LXXII Carme Herse Jupiter LXI Jupiter LI S/2003 J 9 Jupiter LXVI Kalyke S/2018 J 3 S/2021 J 5 S/2003 J 10
Pasiphae group (18)	Philophrosyne Eurydome Jupiter LVI S/2003 J 4 S/2016 J 4 Jupiter LXVII Hegemone Pasiphae Sponde Megaclite Cyllene Sinope Jupiter LIX Aoede Autonoe Callirrhoe S/2003 J 23 Kore
See also	Rings of Jupiter Jupiter's moons in fiction
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Lysithea (moon)

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