Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Ministry of Steel

Ministry of Steel
Branch of Government of India
Ministry of Steel
Agency overview
JurisdictionGovernment of India
HeadquartersMinistry of Steel
Udyog Bhawan
Dr. Maulana Azad Road
New Delhi,110011
New Delhi
Annual budget70.15 crore (US$8.2 million) (2023-24 est.)[1]
Minister responsible
Agency executive
  • Sandeep Pondrik,IAS, Steel Secretary
Websitesteel.gov.in

The Ministry of Steel is an executive branch agency of the Government of India that is responsible for formulating all policies regarding steel production, distribution and pricing in India.[2] As of June 2024, the ministry is headed by a Secretary Rank IAS officer, who is its administrative head, while the political head is a minister of cabinet rank, H.D. Kumaraswamy, assisted by a Minister of State.

Functions of the ministry

  • Coordination of data from various sources for the growth of the iron and steel industry in India
  • Formulation of policies in respect of production, pricing, distribution, import and export of iron & steel and ferro alloys
  • Planning and development of and assistance to the entire iron and steel industry in the country
  • Development of the input industries relating to iron ore, manganese ore, refractories and others required by the steel industry

Attached/subordinate offices and institutes

  • Joint Plant Committee (JPC)
    • A select organisation whose goal is the promotion of steel, coordinating work of the main producers
  • National Institute of Secondary Steel Technology (NISST)
    • NISST aims to be a single source for all the requirements of the secondary steel sector
  • Biju Patnaik National Steel Institute
    • Situated in Puri, BPNSI is an institute of modern steel technology. It provides education and training, research and development, and consultancy to the steel sector.

Steel Consumers Council

The members of the Steel Consumers Council[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] are nominated by the Minister of Steel. The tenure of the council was initially fixed for two years, and it was re-constituted on 25 February 2010. The term of the present council is up to 29 February 2012.[10][11]

Central Public Sector Undertakings

Cabinet Ministers

  • Note: MoS, I/C – Minister of State (Independent Charge)
  • Key: Died in office
No. Portrait Minister
(Birth-Death)
Constituency
Term of office Political party Ministry Prime Minister
From To Period
Minister of Steel, Mines and Fuel
1 Swaran Singh
(1907–1994)
MP for Jullundur
17 April
1957
10 April
1962
4 years, 358 days Indian National Congress Nehru III Jawaharlal Nehru
Minister of Steel and Heavy Industries
2 Chidambaram Subramaniam
(1910–2000)
MP for Palani
10 April
1962
21 November
1963
1 year, 225 days Indian National Congress Nehru IV Jawaharlal Nehru
Minister of Steel, Mines and Heavy Industries
(2) Chidambaram Subramaniam
(1910–2000)
MP for Palani
21 November
1963
27 May
1964
201 days Indian National Congress Nehru IV Jawaharlal Nehru
27 May
1964
9 June
1964
Nanda I Gulzarilal Nanda
(Acting)
Minister of Steel and Mines
3 Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
(1913–1996)
Rajya Sabha MP for Andhra Pradesh
9 June
1964
11 January
1966
1 year, 229 days Indian National Congress Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri
11 January
1966
24 January
1966
Nanda II Gulzarilal Nanda
(Acting)
Minister of Iron and Steel
4 Tribhuvan Narain Singh
(1904–1982)
Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh

(MoS)
29 January
1966
13 March
1967
1 year, 43 days Indian National Congress Indira I Indira Gandhi
Minister of Steel
5 Marri Chenna Reddy
(1919–1996)
Rajya Sabha MP for Andhra Pradesh
13 March
1967
24 April
1968
1 year, 42 days Indian National Congress Indira II Indira Gandhi
6 Prakash Chandra Sethi
(1919–1996)
MP for Indore

(MoS)
24 April
1968
14 February
1969
296 days
Minister of Steel and Heavy Engineering
7 C. M. Poonacha
(1910–1990)
MP for Mangalore
14 February
1969
15 November
1969
274 days Indian National Congress Indira II Indira Gandhi
(1) Swaran Singh
(1907–1994)
MP for Jullundur
15 November
1969
27 June
1970
224 days Indian National Congress (R)
8 Bali Ram Bhagat
(1922–2011)
MP for Arrah
27 June
1970
18 March
1971
264 days
9 Mohan Kumaramangalam
(1916–1973)
MP for Pondicherry
18 March
1971
2 May
1971
45 days Indira III
Minister of Steel and Mines
(9) Mohan Kumaramangalam
(1916–1973)
MP for Pondicherry
2 May
1971
31 May
1973[†]
2 years, 29 days Indian National Congress (R) Indira III Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi
(1917–1984)
MP for Raebareli

(Prime Minister)
31 May
1973
23 July
1973
53 days
10 T. A. Pai
(1922–1981)
Rajya Sabha MP for Karnataka
23 July
1973
11 January
1974
172 days
11 Keshav Dev Malviya
(1904–1981)
MP for Domariyaganj
11 January
1974
10 October
1974
272 days
12 Chandrajit Yadav
(1930–2007)
MP for Azamgarh

(MoS)
10 October
1974
24 March
1977
2 years, 165 days
13 Biju Patnaik
(1916–1997)
MP for Aska
26 March
1977
15 July
1979
2 years, 111 days Janata Party Desai Morarji Desai
30 July
1979
14 January
1980
168 days Janata Party (Secular) Charan Charan Singh
14 Pranab Mukherjee
(1935–2020)
Rajya Sabha MP for West Bengal, till 1981
Rajya Sabha MP for Gujarat, from 1981
16 January
1980
15 January
1982
1 year, 364 days Indian National Congress (I) Indira IV Indira Gandhi
15 N. D. Tiwari
(1925–2018)
MP for Nainital
15 January
1982
14 February
1983
1 year, 30 days
16 N. K. P. Salve
(1921–2012)
Rajya Sabha MP for Maharashtra

(MoS, I/C)
14 February
1983
31 October
1984
1 year, 260 days
31 October
1984
31 December
1984
Rajiv I Rajiv Gandhi
17 Vasant Sathe
(1925–2011)
MP for Wardha
31 December
1984
25 September
1985
268 days Rajiv II
18 K. C. Pant
(1931–2012)
MP for New Delhi
25 September
1985
12 April
1987
1 year, 199 days
(17) Vasant Sathe
(1925–2011)
MP for Wardha
12 April
1987
25 July
1987
104 days
19 Makhan Lal Fotedar
(1932–2017)
Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh
25 July
1987
2 December
1989
2 years, 130 days
20 Dinesh Goswami
(1935–1991)
Rajya Sabha MP for Assam
6 December
1989
10 November
1990
339 days Asom Gana Parishad Vishwanath V. P. Singh
21 Ashoke Kumar Sen
(1913–1996)
Rajya Sabha MP for West Bengal
21 November
1990
21 June
1991
212 days Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) Chandra Shekhar Chandra Shekhar
Minister of Steel
22 Santosh Mohan Dev
(1934–2017)
MP for Silchar

(MoS, I/C)
21 June
1991
16 May
1996
4 years, 330 days Indian National Congress (I) Rao P. V. Narasimha Rao
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(1924–2018)
MP for Lucknow

(Prime Minister)
16 May
1996
1 June
1996
16 days Bharatiya Janata Party Vajpayee I Atal Bihari Vajpayee
H. D. Deve Gowda
(born 1933)
Unelected

(Prime Minister)
1 June
1996
29 June
1996
28 days Janata Dal Deve Gowda H. D. Deve Gowda
23 Birendra Prasad Baishya
(born 1956)
MP for Mangaldoi
29 June
1996
21 April
1997
1 year, 263 days Asom Gana Parishad
21 April
1997
19 March
1998
Gujral Inder Kumar Gujral
24 Naveen Patnaik
(born 1946)
MP for Aska
19 March
1998
13 October
1999
1 year, 208 days Biju Janata Dal Vajpayee II Atal Bihari Vajpayee
25 Dilip Ray
(born 1954)
Rajya Sabha MP for Odisha

(MoS, I/C)
13 October
1999
27 May
2000
227 days Vajpayee III
26 Braja Kishore Tripathy
(born 1947)
MP for Puri

(MoS, I/C)
27 May
2000
22 May
2004
4 years, 0 days
27 Ram Vilas Paswan
(1946–2020)
MP for Hajipur
23 May
2004
22 May
2009
4 years, 364 days Lok Janshakti Party Manmohan I Manmohan Singh
28 Virbhadra Singh
(1934–2021)
MP for Mandi
28 May
2009
19 January
2011
1 year, 236 days Indian National Congress Manmohan II
29 Beni Prasad Verma
(1941–2020)
MP for Gonda

(MoS, I/C until 12 July 2011)
19 January
2011
26 May
2014
3 years, 127 days
30 Narendra Singh Tomar
(born 1957)
MP for Gwalior
26 May
2014
5 July
2016
2 years, 40 days Bharatiya Janata Party Modi I Narendra Modi
31 Chaudhary Birender Singh
(born 1946)
Rajya Sabha MP for Haryana
5 July
2016
30 May
2019
2 years, 329 days
32 Dharmendra Pradhan
(born 1969)
Rajya Sabha MP for Madhya Pradesh
31 May
2019
7 July
2021
2 years, 37 days Modi II
33 Ramchandra Prasad Singh
(born 1958)
Rajya Sabha MP for Bihar
7 July
2021
6 July
2022
364 days Janata Dal (United)
34 Jyotiraditya Scindia
(born 1971)
Rajya Sabha MP for Madhya Pradesh
6 July
2022
10 June
2024
1 year, 340 days Bharatiya Janata Party
35 H.D. Kumaraswamy
(born 1959)
MP for Mandya
10 June
2024
incumbent 207 days Janata Dal (Secular) Modi III

Ministers of State

No. Portrait Minister
(Birth-Death)
Constituency
Term of office Political party Ministry Prime Minister
From To Period
Minister of State for Steel, Mines and Fuel
1 Keshav Dev Malviya
(1904–1981)
MP for Domariyaganj
17 April
1957
25 April
1957
8 days Indian National Congress Nehru III Jawaharlal Nehru
(1) Keshav Dev Malviya
(1904–1981)
MP for Domariyaganj

Minister of Mines and Oil
25 April
1957
10 April
1962
4 years, 350 days
Minister of State for Steel, Mines and Metals
2 Prakash Chandra Sethi
(1919–1996)
MP for Indore

(MoS)
13 March
1967
14 February
1969
296 days Indian National Congress Indira II Indira Gandhi
Minister of Steel and Heavy Engineering
3 K. C. Pant
(1931–2012)
MP for Nainital
14 February
1969
27 June
1970
1 year, 108 days Indian National Congress (R) Indira II Indira Gandhi
Minister of State for Steel and Mines
4 Shah Nawaz Khan
(1914–1993)
MP for Meerut
2 May
1971
5 February
1973
1 year, 279 days Indian National Congress (R) Indira III Indira Gandhi
5 Kariya Munda
(born 1936)
MP for Khunti
14 August
1977
28 July
1979
1 year, 348 days Janata Party Desai Morarji Desai
6 P. M. Sayeed
(1941–2005)
MP for Lakshadweep
4 August
1979
14 January
1980
163 days Indian National Congress (Urs) Charan Charan Singh
7 Kishore Chandra Deo
(born 1947)
MP for Parvathipuram
4 August
1979
14 January
1980
163 days
8 Charanjit Chanana
MP for Delhi (Rajya Sabha)
15 January
1982
2 September
1982
230 days Indian National Congress (I) Indira IV Indira Gandhi
9 Ram Dulari Sinha
(1922–1994)
MP for Sheohar
15 January
1982
14 February
1983
1 year, 30 days
10 Gargi Shankar Mishra
(born 1919)
MP for Seoni
2 September
1982
6 September
1982
4 days
11 K. Natwar Singh
(born 1929)
MP for Bharatpur

(MoS, Steel)
31 December
1984
25 September
1985
268 days Rajiv II Rajiv Gandhi
(9) Ram Dulari Sinha
(1922–1994)
MP for Sheohar

(MoS, Mines)
25 September
1985
14 February
1988
2 years, 142 days
12 Ramanand Yadav
(born 1927)
MP for Bihar (Rajya Sabha)

(MoS, Mines)
14 February
1988
12 April
1988
58 days
13 Yogendra Makwana
(born 1933)
MP for Gujarat (Rajya Sabha)
14 February
1988
2 October
1988
231 days
14 Mahaveer Prasad
(1939–2010)
MP for Bansgaon

(MoS, Mines)
4 July
1989
2 November
1989
121 days
15 Basavaraj Patil Anwari
(born 1943)
MP for Koppal
21 November
1990
20 February
1991
91 days Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) Chandra Shekhar Chandra Shekhar
Minister of State for Steel
16 Ramesh Bais
(born 1947)
MP for Raipur
19 March
1998
13 October
1999
1 year, 208 days Bharatiya Janata Party Vajpayee II Atal Bihari Vajpayee
17 Akhilesh Das
(1961–2017)
MP for Uttar Pradesh (Rajya Sabha)
29 January
2006
6 April
2008
2 years, 68 days Indian National Congress Manmohan I Manmohan Singh
18 Jitin Prasada
(born 1973)
MP for Shahjahanpur
6 April
2008
22 May
2009
1 year, 46 days
19 Sai Prathap Annayyagari
(born 1944)
MP for Rajampet
28 May
2009
19 January
2011
1 year, 236 days Manmohan II
20 Vishnudeo Sai
(born 1964)
MP for Raigarh
26 May
2014
30 May
2019
5 years, 4 days Bharatiya Janata Party Modi I Narendra Modi
21 Faggan Singh Kulaste
(born 1959)
MP for Mandla
31 May
2019
10 June
2024
5 years, 10 days Modi II
22 Bhupathi Raju Srinivasa Varma
(born 1967)
MP for Narasapuram
11 June
2024
Incumbent 207 days Modi III

Deputy Ministers

No. Portrait Minister
(Birth-Death)
Constituency
Term of office Political party Ministry Prime Minister
From To Period
Deputy Minister of Steel and Heavy Industries
1 Prakash Chandra Sethi
(1919–1996)
MP for Indore
8 June
1962
21 November
1963
1 year, 166 days Indian National Congress Nehru IV Jawaharlal Nehru
Deputy Minister of Steel, Mines and Heavy Engineering
(1) Prakash Chandra Sethi
(1919–1996)
MP for Indore
21 November
1963
27 May
1964
201 days Indian National Congress Nehru IV Jawaharlal Nehru
27 May
1964
9 June
1964
Nanda I Gulzarilal Nanda
(Acting)
Deputy Minister of Steel and Mines
(1) Prakash Chandra Sethi
(1919–1996)
MP for Indore
15 June
1964
11 January
1966
1 year, 223 days Indian National Congress Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri
11 January
1966
24 January
1966
Nanda II Gulzarilal Nanda
(Acting)
Deputy Minister of Iron and Steel
(1) Prakash Chandra Sethi
(1919–1996)
MP for Indore
29 January
1966
13 March
1967
1 year, 43 days Indian National Congress Indira I Indira Gandhi
Deputy Minister of Steel, Mines and Metals
2 Ram Sewak Chowdhary
(born 1927)
Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh
13 November
1967
14 February
1969
1 year, 93 days Indian National Congress Indira I Indira Gandhi
Deputy Minister of Steel and Heavy Engineering
3 Mohammad Shafi Qureshi
(1928–2016)
MP for Anantnag
14 February
1969
18 March
1971
2 years, 77 days Indian National Congress Indira I Indira Gandhi
18 March
1971
2 May
1971
Indira II
Deputy Minister of Steel and Mines
4 Subodh Chandra Hansda
(1927–2004)
MP for Medinipur
5 February
1973
10 October
1974
1 year, 246 days Indian National Congress Indira II Indira Gandhi
5 Sukhdev Prasad
(1921–1995)
Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh}
5 February
1973
24 March
1977
4 years, 47 days

References

  1. ^ "Budget data" (PDF). www.indiabudget.gov.in. 2023. Archived from the original on 4 March 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  2. ^ "Website of Ministry of Steel on National Portal of India". www.india.gov.in. 20 January 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  3. ^ "India is the world's third-largest producer of crude steel". steel.ibef.org. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  4. ^ "India overtakes US as 3rd largest steel producer". economictimes.indiatimes.com. Archived from the original on 12 October 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  5. ^ "Beni Prasad Verma promises 10 steel units in Uttar Pradesh". business-standard.com. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  6. ^ "18th national steel consumers council chaired by Cabinet Minister". business-standard.com. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  7. ^ "24th Meeting of Steel Consumer's Council Chaired by Steel Ministy [sic] Of India". industrialnews.in. 3 February 2014.
  8. ^ "24th Meeting of Steel Consumer's Council Circular". 3 February 2014.
  9. ^ "Formation of Steel Consumers Council" (PDF). steel.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  10. ^ "Boards Councils Committees". steel.gov.in. Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  11. ^ "Steel Consumers Council". steel.gov.in. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.

Read other articles:

Untuk pendahulunya, lihat DuPont (1802–2017). Untuk yang dipisahkan pada tahun 2019, lihat Dow Inc. dan Corteva. DuPont de Nemours, Inc.JenisPublikKode emitenNYSE: DDKomponen S&P 100Komponen S&P 500ISINUS26614N1028IndustriBahan kimiaPendahuluDow ChemicalE. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyDidirikan1 September 2017; 6 tahun lalu (2017-09-01)KantorpusatWilmington, Delaware, Amerika SerikatWilayah operasiSeluruh duniaTokohkunciEdward D. Breen(Chairman Eksekutif & CEO)Pendapatan U…

Kunming 昆明市Kota setingkat prefekturSearah jarum jam dari atas: Pemandangan Kunming, Stasiun Kunming, Danau Dian, dan Kuil YuantongJulukan: City of Eternal SpringTuodong City, Yachi Fu, YunnanfuLokasi Kunming di YunnanNegara TiongkokProvinsiYunnanDivisi setingkat kabupaten14Divisi kotapraja137Ditempatic. 279 BC[1]Ibu kotaChenggongpimpinan unit Daftar ChenggongPanlongWuhuaGuanduXishanDongchuanAnningJinningFuminYiliangSongmingShilinLuquanXundian Pemerintahan • Se…

Presiding member of the federal parliament of Germany President of the BundestagPräsident des Deutschen BundestagesSeal of the BundestagIncumbentBärbel Bassince 26 October 2021Presidium of the BundestagStyleMadam President (when addressed in the Bundestag)TypePresiding officerSeatReichstag building, BerlinNominatorPolitical partiesAppointerBundestagtraditionally appointing nominee of the largest partyTerm lengthContemporaneous to legislative periodConstituting instrumentGerman Basic LawPr…

Artikel ini mungkin mengandung riset asli. Anda dapat membantu memperbaikinya dengan memastikan pernyataan yang dibuat dan menambahkan referensi. Pernyataan yang berpangku pada riset asli harus dihapus. (Pelajari cara dan kapan saatnya untuk menghapus pesan templat ini) Wikipedia bahasa BaliTampilan halaman utama Wikipedia bahasa BaliURLhttp://ban.wikipedia.org/http://ban.m.wikipedia.org/ (perangkat seluler)TipeProyek ensiklopedia internetPerdagangan ?TidakRegistration (en)Opsional Diperluk…

العلاقات الغابونية الفيتنامية الغابون فيتنام   الغابون   فيتنام تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الغابونية الفيتنامية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين الغابون وفيتنام.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقا…

بنت عنتا معلومات شخصية الميلاد القرن 13 ق.م  مصر  الوفاة القرن 13 ق.م  مصر  مكان الدفن مقبرة 71  مواطنة مصر القديمة  الزوج رمسيس الثاني  الأب رمسيس الثاني  الأم إست نفرت  إخوة وأخوات ميرت آمون،  وحنوت تاوي،  ومرنبتاح،  ورمسيس،  وخعمواس،  وميري أت…

Nama ini menggunakan cara penamaan Spanyol: nama keluarga pertama atau paternalnya adalah Moreno dan nama keluarga kedua atau maternalnya adalah Balagueró. Gerard Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Gerard Moreno Balagueró[1]Tanggal lahir 7 April 1992 (umur 32)[1]Tempat lahir Santa Perpètua, SpanyolTinggi 180 cm (5 ft 11 in)[1]Posisi bermain StrikerInformasi klubKlub saat ini VillarrealNomor 7Karier junior2000–2001 Damm2001–2007 Espanyol2007–20…

Series of small American piston aircraft engines O-190 / C75 / C85 O-190 mounted in a Funk B Type Piston aircraft engine Manufacturer Teledyne Continental Motors Major applications Cessna 140 The Continental O-190 (Company designations C75 and C85) is a series of engines made by Continental Motors beginning in the 1940s. Of flat-four configuration, the engines produced 75 hp (56 kW) or 85 hp (63 kW) respectively.[1] The two variants shared the same bore, stroke and co…

Three locations in the United States were used as landing sites for the Space Shuttle system. Each site included runways of sufficient length for the slowing-down of a returning spacecraft. The prime landing site was the Shuttle Landing Facility at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, a purpose-built landing strip. Landings also occurred at Edwards Air Force Base in California, and one took place at White Sands Space Harbor in New Mexico. No Space Shuttle landed on a dry lakebed runway after 199…

Parti Identité et démocratie(en) Identity and democracy party Logotype officiel. Présentation Président Gerolf Annemans Fondation 2014 (MENL)[1],[2]2019 (PID) Think tank Fondation d'Identité et démocratie Positionnement Droite[3],[4],[5],[6] à extrême droite[7],[8],[9],[10],[11],[12],[13],[14] Idéologie National-conservatisme[15]Populisme de droite[15]Euroscepticisme[16] Groupe au Parlement européen ENL (2015-2019)ID (depuis 2019) Couleurs Bleu Site web www.id-party.eu Présidents de g…

RiverstoneNew South Wales—Legislative AssemblyInteractive map of district boundaries from the 2023 state electionStateNew South WalesCreated1981MPWarren KirbyPartyLaborNamesakeRiverstoneElectors63,427 (2023)Area73.42 km2 (28.3 sq mi)DemographicOuter-metropolitan Electorates around Riverstone: Hawkesbury Hawkesbury Hawkesbury Londonderry Riverstone Kellyville Blacktown Blacktown Winston Hills Riverstone is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian s…

Regisseur und Kameramann. Skulptur auf der Avenue of Stars in Hongkong. Ein Filmregisseur ist der künstlerische und kreative Leiter einer Filmproduktion (Regisseur, veraltet auch Spielleiter) im Gegensatz zum Filmproduzenten („Produzent“, englisch: Producer), der die Produktion administrativ leitet. Bei kleinen Produktionen erstreckt sich die Tätigkeit von der Stoffentwicklung über die Erarbeitung von Drehbüchern, die Ablaufplanung der Produktion einschließlich der Kosten bis zur Postpr…

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang aktor Kannada. Untuk tokoh lainnya dengan nama yang sama, lihat Rajkumar (disambiguasi). RajkumarNama asalರಾಜ್‌ಕುಮಾರ್LahirSinganalluru Puttaswamayya Muthuraju(1929-04-24)24 April 1929Gajanur, Kepresidenan Madras, India BritaniaMeninggal12 April 2006(2006-04-12) (umur 76)Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaMonumenKanteerava Studios[1]Nama lainRaj Kumar, AnnavruPekerjaanAktor, penyanyiTahun aktif1954–2005Tinggi5 ft …

10th century Indian female yoga teacher This article contains too many or overly lengthy quotations. Please help summarize the quotations. Consider transferring direct quotations to Wikiquote or excerpts to Wikisource. (January 2024) Niguma Part of a series onBuddhism Glossary Index Outline History Timeline The Buddha Pre-sectarian Buddhism Councils Silk Road transmission of Buddhism Decline in the Indian subcontinent Later Buddhists Buddhist modernism DharmaConcepts Four Noble Truths Noble Eigh…

List of great powers from the early modern period to the post cold war era This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: List of modern great powers – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Great powers are often recognized in an international s…

Иеракиты в книге В. Н. Бенешевича Древнеславянская кормчая XIV титулов без толкования. СПб, 1907. Т. 1. Иераки́ты (др.-греч. ἱερακῖται; др.-рус. иєракитє) — ересь или секта, описанная в конце IV века Епифанием в «Панарионе» в числе 80 ересей и Иоанном Дамаскиным в книге «О ста…

Korea Utara Artikel ini adalah bagian dari seri Politik dan KetatanegaraanRepublik Rakyat Demokratik Korea Konstitusi Juche  (ideologi negara) Songun  (kebijakan militer) Pemimpin Abadi Juche Korea Kim Il-sung Kim Jong-il Partai Buruh Ketua: Kim Jong-un Kongres (ke-7) Piagam Komite Pusat (ke-7) Politbiro Komite Tetap Biro Kebijakan Eksekutif Komisi Militer Pusat Ketua: Kim Jong-un Departemen Organisasi dan Bimbingan Liga Pemuda Kimilsungis-Kimjongilis Komisi Urusan Negara Ket…

Rules by which information encoded within genetic material is translated into proteins A series of codons in part of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. Each codon consists of three nucleotides, usually corresponding to a single amino acid. The nucleotides are abbreviated with the letters A, U, G and C. This is mRNA, which uses U (uracil). DNA uses T (thymine) instead. This mRNA molecule will instruct a ribosome to synthesize a protein according to this code. The genetic code is the set of rules us…

Fourth Rahman cabinet4th Cabinet of MalaysiaPeople and organisationsHead of stateTuanku Ismail Nasiruddin Shah (1969–1970) Tuanku Abdul Halim (1970)Head of governmentTunku Abdul RahmanDeputy head of governmentAbdul Razak HusseinMember parties Alliance Party United Malays National Organisation Malaysian Chinese Association Parti Bumiputera Sarawak Malaysian Indian Congress Sarawak Chinese Association Status in legislatureCoalition government74 / 144Opposition partiesDemocratic Action PartyUnite…

Village in Florida, United StatesEstero, Florida City of EsteroVillageVillage of EsteroMotto: Life Flourishes in the Estuary.Location in Lee County, FloridaCoordinates: 26°25′40″N 81°47′42″W / 26.42778°N 81.79500°W / 26.42778; -81.79500[1]CountryUnited StatesStateFloridaCountyLeeIncorporated (village)December 31, 2014 (2014-12-31)[2]Government[3] • TypeMayor–council • MayorJon McLainArea[…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya