Moroteuthopsis longimana, also known as Kondakovia longimana,[citation needed] the giant warty squid or longarm octopus squid,[3] is a large species of hooked squid. It attains a mantle length of at least 85 cm and probably over 1.15 m.[3] The largest complete specimen of this species, measuring 2.3 m in total length, was found in Antarctica in 2000.[4]
Description
M. longimana is a large squid, the adults can grow to a mantle length of 740 mm, which is characterised by the presence of 33 hooks and marginal suckers throughout the tentacular club during subadult years. The gladius of this species is not visible beneath the skin in the dorsal midline. M. longimana possesses three nuchal folds.[5]
Several prey have been identified for the diet of M. longimana, with krill as the main source of food. However, indirect methods have pointed for other high trophic level prey as other crustaceans and lanternfish.[8][12]
^Bouchet P (2018). Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (eds.). "Kondakovia longimana Filippova, 1972". MolluscaBase. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
^ abO'Shea, S. 2005. Kondakovia longimana. In: Giant Squid and Colossal Squid Fact Sheet. The Octopus News Magazine Online.
^Xavier, J. C.; Rodhouse, P. G.; Trathan, P. N.; Wood, A. G. (1999). "A Geographical Information System (GIS) Atlas of cephalopod distribution in the Southern Ocean". Antarctic Science. 11 (1): 61–62. doi:10.1017/S0954102099000097. S2CID140591721.
^Cherel, Yves; Duhamel, Guy (2004). "Antarctic jaws: cephalopod prey of sharks in Kerguelen waters". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 51 (1): 17–31. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2003.09.009.
^Nemoto, T.; Okiyama, M.; Iwasaki, N.; Kikuchi, T. (1988). "Squid as predators on krill (Euphausia superba) and prey for sperm whales in the Southern Ocean". In Sahrhage, D. (ed.). Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 292–296. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73724-4_25. ISBN978-3-642-73726-8.
Lu, C.C.; Williams, R. (1994). "Kondakovia longimana Filippova, 1972 (Cephalopoda: Onychoteuthidae) from the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean". Antarctic Science. 6 (2): 231–234. doi:10.1017/S0954102094000350. S2CID130956635.
