Old Hospital de la Santa Creu, Barcelona

Old Hospital de la Santa Creu, Barcelona
Old Hospital de la Santa Creu, Barcelona
Antic Hospital de la Santa Creu
	Entrance to the old hospital
General information
Location	Barcelona, Catalonia
Country	Spain
Coordinates	41°22′52″N 2°10′12″E / 41.3811°N 2.17°E
Groundbreaking	1401
Relocated	1926

The Old Hospital de la Santa Creu is a 15th-to-18th-century building complex in Barcelona, which formerly served as a hospital and hospice and currently is the home of the National Library of Catalonia, the Institute for Catalan Studies, the former College of Surgeons, and an art school. It has been declared a Historic and Artistic Landmark of National Interest.^[1]

History

In 1401 the Council of One Hundred (Consell de Cent), the then-government of Barcelona, decided to build the Hospital de la Santa Creu, merging and centralizing six hospitals in the city. The complex, designed by Guillem d'Abiell, was planned on a grand scale in the form of four two-story wings surrounding a central patio.^[2]^{[better source needed]} Next the east wing (1406), north wing (1406-1509) and the west wing (1509) were built.^[3] In spite of the elapsed time they all have the same layout: ground floor covered with curved vaults that are very low with brick plates and upper floor with a double-sloped wooden beam on lightly pointed diaphragm arches. In front of the three wings the galleries of the cloister were arranged, with rib vault (begun in 1406 by Guillem d'Abriell).^[3]

During the 16th and early 17th centuries, one of the four wings was demolished, two more wings were added and another court was built adjacent to the first,^[4]^{[better source needed]} and this still retains the monumental stairs that now give access to the Biblioteca de Catalunya.

In 1703, Antoni Viladomat, one of the most significant Catalan painters of the Baroque period, painted the chapel of Saint Paul.^[5]^{[better source needed]}

In 1763, in front of the Casa de Convalescència, the College of Surgeons (later Medical Faculty and now Royal Academy of Medicine of Catalonia) was built, by Ventura Rodríguez.^[6]^[7]

By the end of the 19th century, the hospital had become outdated because of the growth of the city and advances that had been made in medicine and hygiene, so it was moved to a new site at the Hospital de Sant Pau, built between 1902 and 1930.

A month before the hospital was closed down in 1926, Antoni Gaudí died here, three days after he was hit by a tram.^[4]

In 1926 the building was purchased by the City Council, who began restoring it. It now houses the Biblioteca de Catalunya (since 1939), the Institut d'Estudis Catalans (since 1931), the Escola Massana art school (since 1935) and two public libraries run by the Diputació de Barcelona. On June 3, 1931 it was declared a Monument of National Historic and Artistic Interest.

Architecture

The oldest part of the Hospital de la Santa Creu is an impressive example of Catalan civil-Gothic architecture.^[1] The interior boasts several large vaulted halls. Also of note is the cross vaulted Galeria del pati, which borders the inner garden, and the arched entrance to the library at the patio, built in the sixteenth century.^[4]