Order of Mapungubwe

Order of Mapungubwe
Order of Mapungubwe ;
Awarded by President of South Africa
Type	Civilian national order
Established	6 December 2002
Status	Currently constituted
Grades	Platinum (OMP); Gold (OMG); Silver (OMS); Bronze (OMB);
	; Ribbon; ;

The Order of Mapungubwe is a South African civilian honour awarded by the President of South Africa. It recognises South African citizens whose achievements have international impact and serve the interests of South Africa.^[1] It is South Africa's highest honour.^{[citation needed]}

The order is named after the ancient civilisation of Mapungubwe, which was located in modern-day South Africa.^[1] It was instituted on 6 December 2002, and its first recipient (in the highest class) was former president Nelson Mandela.

Classes

The order originally had three classes, and was enlarged to four in 2004:

Platinum (OMP), for exceptional and unique achievements;
Gold (OMG), for exceptional achievements;
Silver (OMS), for excellent achievements; and
Bronze (OMB), for outstanding achievements.

Design

The badge is a horizontal oval above an inverted trapezium. Inside the oval frame is depicted a golden rhinoceros with the sun rising above Mapungubwe Hill in the background. The convex upper edge of the trapezium is decorated with a beadwork pattern and the sides are edged with sceptres. In the centre is an ornate crucible from which molten gold flows down to a red furnace. The South African coat of arms is displayed on the reverse.

The ribbon is gold, edged with a line of cream-coloured bead-like dots along each edge, and recurring cream-coloured rhinoceros silhouettes down the centre. All four classes are worn around the neck.

Recipients

Recipient	Class	Year	Field of achievement	Ref.
Nelson Mandela	Platinum	2002	Liberation struggle, national reconciliation and nation-building, and global peace and justice
F. W. de Klerk	Gold	2002	Peace, national reconciliation and nation-building
Allan McLeod Cormack †	Gold	2002	Science and CT scanning
Basil Schonland †	Gold	2002	Physics and foundation of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
Peter Beighton	Bronze	2002	Science and research into inherited skeleton disorders
Hamilton Naki	Bronze	2002	Medical science
Sydney Brenner	Gold	2004	Medicine, especially research in genetics
Tshilidzi Marwala	Bronze	2004	Engineering science
Daya Reddy	Bronze	2004	Mathematics and science
J. M. Coetzee	Gold	2005	Literature
Aaron Klug	Gold	2005	Medicine
Frank Nabarro	Gold	2005	Science
Tebello Nyokong	Bronze	2005	Science
Himladevi Soodyall	Bronze	2005	Science
Selig Percy Amoils	Silver	2006	Ophthalmology
George Ellis	Silver	2006	Science
Lionel Opie	Silver	2006	Cardiology
Patricia Berjak	Silver	2006	Seed science
Claire Penn	Silver	2007	Speech and language pathology, especially research into sign language, child language, aphasia and head injuries
Sibusiso Sibisi	Silver	2007	Information technology, research and development and business technology
Valerie Mizrahi	Silver	2007	Biochemistry and molecular biology, including tuberculosis drug validation
Doris Lessing	Gold	2008	Literature and the elimination of colonialism and apartheid
Wieland Gevers	Silver	2008	Higher education and medicine
Phuti Ngoepe	Silver	2008	Natural sciences and computer modelling research
Tim Noakes	Silver	2008	Sport and the science of physical exercise
Pragasen Pillay	Silver	2008	Energy conservation
Mangena Maake Mokone †	Gold	2009	African Ethiopian Movement	^[2]
Hendrik J. Koornhof	Silver	2009	Biomedical science	^[2]
Bongani Mayosi	Silver	2009	Medical science	^[2]
Johann Lutjeharms	Silver	2009/10	Oceanographic science	^[2]
Douglas Butterworth	Silver	2010	Betterment of the environment and sustainability of fisheries
Monique Zaahl	Bronze	2010	Genetics and research into iron overload disorders
Pieter Steyn	Silver	2011	Chemistry and biosynthesis of mycotoxins
Oliver Tambo †	Platinum	2012	Exceptional leadership during the anti-apartheid struggle
Albert Luthuli †	Platinum	2012	Exceptional leadership during the anti-apartheid struggle
Barry Schoub	Silver	2012	Virology
Patience Mthunzi-Kufa	Bronze	2012	Biophotonics
Bernie Fanaroff	Silver	2013	Astronomy and the Square Kilometre Array
George Ekama	Silver	2013	Research into wastewater treatment
Glenda Gray	Silver	2013	Research into mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS
Malegapuru William Makgoba	Silver	2013	Transformation of higher education
Quarraisha Abdool Karim	Bronze	2013	Research into HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis
Ismail Mohamed †	Silver	2014	Mathematics and political liberation
Hendrik Simon Schaaf	Silver	2014	Medical science
William Soga †	Silver	2014	Medicine and anthropology
Namrita Lall	Bronze	2014	Medical science
Zwelakhe Sisulu †	Gold	2016	Journalism	^[3]
Fulufhelo Nelwamondo	Silver	2017	Science, especially electrical engineering	^[4]
Siyabulela Xuza	Silver	2017	Scientific innovation	^[4]
Edna Molewa †	Gold	2019	Environmental justice
Malik Maaza	Silver	2019	Nano-science
Ari Sitas	Silver	2019	Social science
Thokozani Majozi	Bronze	2019	Science, especially a novel mathematical technique for near-zero-effluent batch chemical facilities which enables the reuse of wastewater
Aboubaker Ebrahim Dangor	Silver	2023	Physics	^[5]
Vhahangwele Masindi	Silver	2023	Environmental sciences and water	^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b "The Order of Mapungubwe". The Presidency. Republic of South Africa. Archived from the original on 2007-04-20. Retrieved 2007-04-29.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "National Orders awards December 2009". South African Government. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
^ "President Jacob Zuma bestows 2016 National Orders Awards, 28 Apr". South African Government. 20 April 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
^ ^a ^b "President Jacob Zuma bestows 2017 National Orders Awards, 28 Apr". South African Government. 20 April 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2017.
^ ^a ^b "Announcement of the 2023 National Order Awards nominated names by Director-General of The Presidency, Phindile Baleni". The Presidency. 16 April 2023. Retrieved 2023-05-02.

Other sources

"National Orders Booklet 2002". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2003". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2004". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2005". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2006". The Presidency. 27 October 2017. Archived from the original on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2007". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2008". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2009". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2010". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2011". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2012". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2013". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2014". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2015". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2016". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2017". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2018". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
"National Orders Booklet 2019". The Presidency. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.