Overview of and topical guide to Kazakhstan
An enlargeable map of the Republic of Kazakhstan The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Kazakhstan:
The Republic of Kazakhstan is a landlocked sovereign country located across both Central Asia and Eastern Europe .[ 1] ninth largest country in the world as well as the world's largest landlocked country,[ 2] 2 (greater than Western Europe ). It is bordered by Russia , Kyrgyzstan , Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan and China . The country also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea .
Vast in size, the land in Kazakhstan is very diverse in types of terrain: flatlands, steppes, taigas, rock-canyons, hills, deltas, mountains, snow-capped mountains, and deserts. Kazakhstan has the 62nd largest population in the world, with a population density of less than 6 people per square kilometre (15 per sq. mi.).
Kazakhstan declared itself an independent country on December 16, 1991, the last Soviet republic to do so. Its communist-era leader, Nursultan Nazarbayev , became the country's new president. Since independence, Kazakhstan has pursued a balanced foreign policy and worked to develop its economy , especially its hydrocarbon industry. While the country's economic outlook is improving, President Nazarbayev maintains strict control over the country's politics . Several opposition leaders and journalists have been killed in recent years, and Western observers generally do not consider Kazakhstan's elections to be free and fair. Nevertheless, Kazakhstan's international prestige is building.[ 3] Central Asia .[ 4] United Nations , NATO's Partnership for Peace , the Commonwealth of Independent States , and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation . In 2010, Kazakhstan will chair the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe . In 2011, it formed a customs union with Russia and Belarus .
Kazakhstan is ethnically and culturally diverse, in part due to the mass deportations of many ethnic groups to the country during Stalin's rule. Kazakhs are the largest group, followed by Russians. Kazakhstan allows freedom of religion , and many different beliefs are represented in the country. Islam is the primary religion, followed by Orthodox Christianity . The official language is Kazakh , though Russian is still commonly and most widely used for everyday communication.
General reference
An enlargeable relief map of Kazakhstan
Geography of Kazakhstan
Geography of Kazakhstan
Russia 6,846 kmUzbekistan 2,203 kmChina 1,533 kmKyrgyzstan 1,224 kmTurkmenistan 379 km
Environment of Kazakhstan
An enlargeable satellite image of Kazakhstan Environment of Kazakhstan
Natural geographic features of Kazakhstan
Regions of Kazakhstan
Administrative divisions of Kazakhstan
Administrative divisions of Kazakhstan
Provinces of Kazakhstan
Provinces of Kazakhstan
Provinces of Kazakhstan
Notes:
Districts of Kazakhstan
Districts of Kazakhstan
Municipalities of Kazakhstan
Municipalities of Kazakhstan
Demography of Kazakhstan
Demographics of Kazakhstan
Government and politics of Kazakhstan
Politics of Kazakhstan
Branches of the government of Kazakhstan
Government of Kazakhstan
Executive branch of the government of Kazakhstan
Legislative branch of the government of Kazakhstan
Judicial branch of the government of Kazakhstan
Court system of Kazakhstan
Foreign relations of Kazakhstan
Foreign relations of Kazakhstan
International organization membership
The Republic of Kazakhstan is a member of:[ 1]
Law and order in Kazakhstan
Law of Kazakhstan
Military of Kazakhstan
Military of Kazakhstan
History of Kazakhstan
History of Kazakhstan
Culture of Kazakhstan
Culture of Kazakhstan
Art in Kazakhstan
Sports in Kazakhstan
Sports in Kazakhstan
Economy and infrastructure of Kazakhstan
Economy of Kazakhstan
Education in Kazakhstan
Education in Kazakhstan
Health in Kazakhstan
Health in Kazakhstan
See also
Kazakhstan
References
External links
Wikimedia Atlas of Kazakhstan
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