PR Persei

PR Persei
Location of PR Persei (circled) near the Double Cluster (north is down)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox ICRS
Constellation Perseus
Right ascension 02h 21m 42.41s[1]
Declination +57° 51′ 46.1″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 7.7 – 8.2[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Red supergiant
Spectral type M1 Iab-Ib[2]
Variable type LC[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−45.9[1] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −0.857[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −1.059[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.3621±0.0239 mas[1]
Distance9,000 ± 600 ly
(2,800 ± 200 pc)
Details
Mass9.2[3] M☉
Radius401[4] R☉
Luminosity27,542[5] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)0.89[6] cgs
Temperature3,715[5] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.22[6] dex
Other designations
PR Persei, BD+57°550, HD 14404, HIP 10995, SAO 23234, TIC 348442493, TYC 3694-152-1, IRAS 02181+5738, 2MASS J02214241+5751460, Gaia DR3 458512570887734528[7]
Database references
SIMBADdata

PR Persei (also known as HD 14404, HIP 10995, or BD+57 550) is a red supergiant star located in the constellation of Perseus in the northern celestial hemisphere. Classified as a variable star of spectral type M1-Iab-Ib, it exhibits mild brightness variations due to pulsations in its outer layers. It resides in the Milky Way galaxy, approximately 9,000 light-years from the Solar System. It can be seen near the Double Cluster of Perseus through a telescope or binoculars.

Characteristics

A light curve for PR Persei, plotted from Hipparcos data[8]

PR Persei is a cool, luminous red supergiant with a spectral type of M1 Iab-Ib, indicating an intermediate luminosity class between Iab and Ib supergiants.[9] The star is about 9.2 times as massive[3] and 401 times as large as the sun.[4] At a temperature of 3715 K, it radiates 27,542 times the solar luminosity.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ^ a b c "PR Persei". International Variable Star Index. AAVSO. Retrieved 2025-10-26.
  3. ^ a b Anders, F.; Khalatyan, A.; Queiroz, A. B. A.; Chiappini, C.; Ardèvol, J.; Casamiquela, L.; Figueras, F.; Jiménez-Arranz, Ó.; Jordi, C.; Monguió, M.; Romero-Gómez, M.; Altamirano, D.; Antoja, T.; Assaad, R.; Cantat-Gaudin, T.; Castro-Ginard, A.; Enke, H.; Girardi, L.; Guiglion, G.; Khan, S.; Luri, X.; Miglio, A.; Minchev, I.; Ramos, P.; Santiago, B. X.; Steinmetz, M. (2022). "Photo-astrometric distances, extinctions, and astrophysical parameters for Gaia EDR3 stars brighter than G = 18.5". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 658: A91. arXiv:2111.01860. Bibcode:2022A&A...658A..91A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142369.
  4. ^ a b Fetherolf, Tara; Pepper, Joshua; Simpson, Emilie; Kane, Stephen R.; Močnik, Teo; English, John Edward; Antoci, Victoria; Huber, Daniel; Jenkins, Jon M.; Stassun, Keivan; Twicken, Joseph D.; Vanderspek, Roland; Winn, Joshua N. (2023). "Variability Catalog of Stars Observed during the TESS Prime Mission". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 268 (1): 4. arXiv:2208.11721. Bibcode:2023ApJS..268....4F. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/acdee5.
  5. ^ a b c Dorn-Wallenstein, Trevor Z.; Levesque, Emily M.; Neugent, Kathryn F.; Davenport, James R. A.; Morris, Brett M.; Gootkin, Keyan (2020). "Short-term Variability of Evolved Massive Stars with TESS. II. A New Class of Cool, Pulsating Supergiants". The Astrophysical Journal. 902 (1): 24. arXiv:2008.11723. Bibcode:2020ApJ...902...24D. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb318.
  6. ^ a b Huson, Dylan; Cowan, Indiana; Sizemore, Logan; Kounkel, Marina; Hutchinson, Brian (2025). "Gaia Net: Toward Robust Spectroscopic Parameters of Stars of all Evolutionary Stages". The Astrophysical Journal. 984 (1): 58. arXiv:2503.02958. Bibcode:2025ApJ...984...58H. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adc2fa.
  7. ^ "PR Persei". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2025-10-15.
  8. ^ EAS (1997). "The HIPPARCOS and TYCHO catalogues". Astrometric and Photometric Star Catalogues Derived from the ESA Hipparcos Space Astrometry Mission. ESA SP Series. 1200. Noordwijk, Netherlands: ESA Publications Division. Bibcode:1997ESASP1200.....E. ISBN 9290923997. Retrieved 26 October 2025.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)
  9. ^ Dorn-Wallenstein, Trevor Z.; Levesque, Emily M.; Neugent, Kathryn F.; Davenport, James R. A.; Morris, Brett M.; Gootkin, Keyan (2020-10-01). "Short-term Variability of Evolved Massive Stars with TESS. II. A New Class of Cool, Pulsating Supergiants". The Astrophysical Journal. 902 (1): 24. arXiv:2008.11723. Bibcode:2020ApJ...902...24D. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb318. ISSN 0004-637X.

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