The Alps form a part of a tertiaryorogenic belt of mountain chains, called the Alpide belt, that stretches through southern Europe and Asia from the Atlantic stretching eastward to the Himalayas. The Bergamo Alps have three prominent peaks named Pizzo Coca, Punta Scaiss and Pizzo Redorta.[2][6] As with its parent Alpine belt, Pizzo Coca is composed of "dark-coloured"[6]sedimentary mountain rock with "huge rocky spurs"[2] known as a pyramid type peak.[6] Pizzo Coca, along with the other Bergamo crystalline peaks, exist parallel to the Valtellina Valley.[7] Narrow and vertical chimney clefts stretch towards Pizzo Coca's summit, which has rock debris, before it levels off.[4][5] The mountain rises to 2,924 meters by "Dente di Coca" (literally Tooth of Coca") before settling out by Pico Coca's summit.[8][9][10][11]
The Alps are split into five climate zones, each with a different kind of environment. The climate, plant life and animal life vary on different sections or zones of the mountain such as Pizzo Coca. The initial altitude at Val Seriana, one of the recommended southern access points, is 1,100 meters and part of a valley.[2] The valley trail rises to 1,892 meters by Rifugio Coca which is a rest stop.[2][4][5]
Pizzo Coca's Subalpine regional climate ranges to 1,800 metres with the lower levels available for cultivation. The Alpine regional climate exists between 1,800 and 2,500 meters. The Glacial regional climate extends from 2,500 to Pico Coca's top at 3,050 metres with snow falling at the higher elevations.
Pizzo Coca can be reached from the south starting from Valbondione. From here the path leads to Rifugio Coca,[2] a "hut"[12] managed by Club Alpino Italiano based in Bergamo, then continues towards Lago di Coca.[13][14] From here, before reaching the lake, climbers must crawl up the scree to the east. After this, the trail climbs quickly, then follows a semicircle along the natural amphitheatre at the foot of the Bocchetta dei Camosci.[13][14] From here begins the steepest part of the path allowing climbers, after 300 to 400 meters uphill, the base of Pizzo Coca is reached.
The initial trail leads to a series of rifugios, which is Italian for refuges, like the first Rifugio Coca mountain hut.[12] This is a hike to this stage or refuge. Past Rifugio Coca, becomes a YDS 3 or a climbing route with scrambling uphill amongst boulders, creeks, cliffs and zig-zag markers.[12] Based upon exposure to falling and increased YDS 3+[10][11] in some hard rock climb areas, climbing equipment like rope, climbing harness,[13][14] boots, crampons, ice axes, snowshoes and skis is recommended.[10][11]
^"Parco delle Orobie Bergamasche". Consorzio Parco delle Orobie Bergamasche. turismo.provincia.bergamo.it. 2010. Retrieved 2010-05-11.
^Giada Beccarelli (April 20, 2010). "Rifugio Coca" (in Italian). valseriana.bg.it. Archived from the original on September 2, 2010. Retrieved 2010-05-12.
