An expansion franchise, the club was founded in Toronto in 1977. Originally based at Exhibition Stadium, the team began playing its home games at SkyDome upon its opening in 1989. They are the second MLB franchise to be based outside the United States, and currently the only team based outside the U.S. after the first Canadian franchise, the Montreal Expos, became the Washington Nationals in 2005. Since 2000, the Blue Jays have been owned by Rogers Communications and in 2004, SkyDome was purchased by that company, which renamed it Rogers Centre. The Blue Jays and the Atlanta Braves[d] are the only two MLB teams under corporate ownership; the Blue Jays are the only American League team to be under such ownership.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the Blue Jays went through struggles typical of an expansion team, frequently finishing last in their division. In 1983, they had their first winning season and two years later, became division champions. From 1985 to 1993, the Blue Jays were an AL East powerhouse, winning five division championships in nine seasons, including three consecutive from 1991 to 1993. During that run, the team also became back-to-back World Series champions in 1992 and 1993, led by a core group of award-winning All-Star players, including Hall of FamerRoberto Alomar, Joe Carter, John Olerud, and Devon White. The Blue Jays became the first (and, to date, only) team outside the U.S. to appear in and win a World Series and the fastest AL expansion team to do so, winning in its 16th year. As of 2019, they are one of only two MLB franchises that are undefeated through multiple World Series appearances, along with the National League's Miami Marlins. After 1993, the Blue Jays failed to qualify for the playoffs for 21 consecutive seasons until clinching a playoff berth and division championship in 2015. The team clinched a second consecutive playoff berth in 2016, after securing an AL wild card position. In both years, the Blue Jays beat the Texas Rangers in the AL Division Series, but lost the AL Championship Series. Most recently, they qualified for the playoffs as a wild card team in 2020, 2022, and 2023.
From 1977 to 2024, the Blue Jays' overall win-loss record is 3,761–3,788–3 (.498).[6]
The Toronto Blue Jays came into existence in 1976,[7] as one of two teams slated to join the American League for the following season, via the 1977 Major League Baseball expansion. Toronto had been mentioned as a potential major league city as early as the 1880s and been home to the Toronto Maple Leafs baseball team of the International League, from 1896 to 1967. In January 1976, the San Francisco Giants nearly relocated to Toronto after owner Horace Stoneham agreed to sell the team to a Canadian consortium. The group, which included Labatt Breweries of Canada, The Globe and Mail's Howard Webster, and the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC), planned to rebrand the team as the Toronto Giants and play at Exhibition Stadium. However, a court ruling halted the move, and the Giants remained in San Francisco. Despite this setback, Toronto's ambition for an MLB team persisted, leading to their successful bid in the 1976 American League expansion, driven by a need to balance the league after Seattle was granted a team as a result of a lawsuit over their loss of the Pilots.
The new Toronto franchise, purchased for $7 million, was named the Toronto Blue Jays following a contest that attracted over 4,000 suggestions. The name reflected Toronto's tradition of using blue in team colors and was influenced by majority owner Labatt Breweries' flagship beer, Labatt Blue. The franchise's first employee, Paul Beeston, began as vice president of business operations, and before the inaugural 1977 season, Peter Bavasi and Pat Gillick were appointed as president and assistant general manager, respectively. The Blue Jays debuted on April 7, 1977, with a win against the Chicago White Sox amid a snowstorm, marking the beginning of a journey from early struggles to eventual success. Throughout the late 1970s and early 1980s, the Blue Jays showed gradual improvement, highlighted by their first winning season in 1983. The team's fortunes rose significantly under manager Bobby Cox in 1985 when they won their first American League East title. The late 1980s and early 1990s, under manager Cito Gaston, were particularly successful, with the Blue Jays winning multiple division titles and back-to-back World Series championships in 1992 and 1993, making them the first team outside the US to achieve this feat. Key players during this golden era included Roberto Alomar, Joe Carter, and Dave Stieb.
After the mid-1990s strike and subsequent downturn, the Blue Jays faced challenges but also saw the rise of talents like Roy Halladay and Carlos Delgado. The late 1990s brought brief revitalization with the acquisition of Roger Clemens. In the early 2000s, general manager J.P. Ricciardi led a rebuilding phase, culminating in a competitive roster by the mid-2000s. The team's resurgence in the 2010s featured playoff appearances in 2015 and 2016, driven by stars like José Bautista and Josh Donaldson. The Blue Jays continue to build for future success, with young talents like Vladimir Guerrero Jr., Bo Bichette, and Cavan Biggio leading the charge, though Biggio was later traded in 2024.
During the regular season, the Blue Jays designated Cavan Biggio for assignment and traded him for a prospect afterwards. Before the 2024 trade deadline, the Blue Jays traded away Yimi Garcia, Nate Pearson, Danny Jansen, Justin Turner, Yusei Kikuchi, Trevor Richards, Isiah Kiner-Falefa, and Kevin Kiermaier.
Popularity
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
In 1977, after just 50 home games, the Blue Jays set an MLB record for a first-year expansion team, with an overall attendance of 1,219,551 during those games.[12] By the end of the season, 1,701,152 fans had attended. After setting an attendance record in 1990, with 3,885,284 fans, in 1991, the Blue Jays became the first MLB team to attract over four million fans, with an attendance of 4,001,526, followed by 4,028,318 in 1992.[13] Each of those records were broken in 1993 by the expansion Colorado Rockies, although the Blue Jays' 1993 attendance of 4,057,947 stood as an AL record for 12 years until it was broken by the 2005 New York Yankees.[14]
Several Blue Jays became very popular in Toronto and throughout the major leagues, starting with Dave Stieb, whose seven All-Star selections is a franchise record. He is closely followed by Roy Halladay and José Bautista, who were selected six times each, and by Roberto Alomar and Joe Carter, who were selected five times each. Bautista set a major league record in 2011 (which only stood for a year), with 7,454,753 All-Star votes.[15] In his first season with the Blue Jays in 2015, Josh Donaldson set a new major league record by receiving 14,090,188 All-Star votes.[16]
Ace and Junior exchange greetings before the game. Ace was the Blue Jays' second mascot, introduced in 2000. Junior is a mascot occasionally seen for Junior Jays day promotions.
During the seventh-inning stretch of home games, before singing "Take Me Out to the Ball Game," Blue Jay fans sing and clap to the pop song "OK Blue Jays" by Keith Hampshire and The Bat Boys, which was released in 1983. The song was remixed in 2003, and since then, the new, shortened version has been played at home games.
"Let's Go Blue Jays"
At home games, the "Let's Go Blue Jays" chant is played four times followed by Charge being played thrice.
From 1979 to 1999, BJ Birdy served as the Blue Jays' sole mascot, played by Kevin Shanahan. In 2000, he was replaced by a duo named Ace and Diamond. After the 2003 season, Diamond was removed by the team, leaving Ace as the team's sole mascot. Since the 2010s, Ace has been accompanied by his younger brother, Junior. This usually happens on the Jr. Jay Saturday promotions until the end of the 2017 season. The promotions were moved to select Sundays since the 2018 season since the Blue Jays can no longer hold early Saturday afternoon games to accommodate American national broadcasts on Fox, though Fox did occasionally broadcast Blue Jays games at the Rogers Centre.
Sunday Salute
Since 2012, every Sunday home game, the Blue Jays pay tribute to a member of the Canadian Armed Forces. During the third inning, the team presents the honoured member with a personalized jersey.[41]
National anthems
Since 2005, "The Star-Spangled Banner" has been sung before "O Canada" at every home game. In some home games (including Canada Day home games and playoffs), "O Canada" is sung in English and French. When "O Canada" was sung during the Home Opener, Canada Day, and playoff games, a giant Canadian flag was carried by members of the Canadian Armed Forces. Sportsnet only airs the national anthems during the home opener, Canada Day, and playoff games. On June 29, 2019, "O Canada" was sung in Cree and English.[42] On September 30, 2021, the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation, "O Canada" was sung in English, French, and Anishinaabemowin. On the following National Day for Truth and Reconciliation, September 30, 2022, "O Canada" was sung in French, English, and Blackfoot. For Blue Jays road games, "O Canada" is sung before the "Star Spangled Banner" as all road games (since the Expos moved to Washington, DC) for the Blue Jays are in the United States.
Canada Day
The Blue Jays traditionally host an afternoon home game during Canada Day. During the game, the team wears red jerseys instead of blue jerseys. During the pre-game ceremony, a giant Canadian flag is carried by members of the Canadian Armed Forces while "O Canada" is sung in English and French by a member of the Royal Canadian Air Force Band. The game was cancelled in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021, the game was held in Buffalo, New York due to Canada–U.S. travel restrictions.
Jays Shop
Exterior entrance to one of two Jays Shop locations at Rogers Centre
The Blue Jays operate a store called the Jays Shop that sells primarily Blue Jays merchandise. This store has two locations at Rogers Centre, though, until January 2023, there was an additional location in the Toronto Eaton Centre shopping mall.
Uniforms
1977–1988: Pullovers and powder blue
The Blue Jays wore pullover uniforms during their first decade of existence. The front of the home white uniforms contained the team name in a unique blue/white/blue split-letter style, with the team logo centred below. The road uniforms were powder blue, with the city name in front and the team logo centred below. Initially, the city name was rendered in bold blue letters before gaining a white outline the following season. By 1979, it was replaced by the team name in a split-lettered white/blue/white style. Player numerals also used the split-letter style, except on the road uniform during its first two seasons. Player names in blue were added to both uniforms for the 1980 season but were dropped from the road uniform in 1981. The caps were blue with the Blue Jays logo on a white panel in front.[43]
In 2008, the Blue Jays' powder blue road uniform from this era was restored as an alternate home uniform worn every Friday until 2010.[44]
1989–1996: Championship blues
The Blue Jays adopted buttoned uniforms upon moving to Rogers Centre (then SkyDome) in 1989. Aside from the additions of buttons and belts, the only change affecting the home uniforms was the relocation of the team logo to the left chest. The road uniforms changed from powder blue to grey, while the city name and numerals in blue/white/blue split letters were emblazoned, and the logo moved to the left chest. Player names were also added to the road uniform. All-blue caps were worn with their road uniform while keeping the white-panelled blue caps at home. By 1993, the all-blue caps were worn universally, supplanting and eventually retiring the original cap design.[43]
In 1994 the Blue Jays began wearing blue alternate uniforms with the team name and numerals in white/blue/white split letters.[43]
1997–2003: Red, teal and blue
The Blue Jays updated their logo prior to the 1997 season with a new bird design and an enlarged red maple leaf at the back. The usage of red was greatly increased on the team's new uniforms. On the home uniforms, the letters and numerals were changed to blue/teal/blue split letters, while road uniform letters and numerals were changed to blue/red/blue split letters. On the alternate blue uniforms, split letters and numerals became red/blue/red. Red also appeared on the pant and sleeve stripes, while the new logo occupied the left sleeve. Player names also took on the new block split-letter style. An updated all-blue cap was paired with the home and road uniforms, while a red-brimmed blue cap (with a modified logo without a baseball) was used with the blue alternates.[45]
In 1999 the Blue Jays unveiled an alternate sleeveless white uniform, featuring the same lettering style as the regular home uniform. However, the chest numerals were replaced with the primary logo. Blue undershirts were worn with this uniform.[45]
Before the 2001 season, slight modifications were made to the uniforms, eliminating the tricolour stripes and adding a single colour piping along the chest and neck. While the home uniforms remained mostly intact, the road uniforms gained blue sleeves in a faux-vest design. On the alternate white uniform (now a faux vest instead of a straight sleeveless design), the new "T-bird" logo replaced the primary "jay leaf" logo, which moved to the left sleeve. In 2003, the "T-bird" logo became the primary, taking over the previous logo's placement on the caps and sleeves, while the alternate white uniforms brought back chest numerals.[45] The "T-bird" logo depicts a blue jay flexing its biceps and is nicknamed "Muscle Jay."
2004–2011: The "Black-and-Graphite Jays"
Before the 2004 season, the Blue Jays adopted a new visual identity, going with a black, silver and graphite motif. The home and black alternates simply read "Jays" in front and in a 3D-oriented diagonal arrangement, with the bird connected to the letter "J." Letters and numerals were in graphite with light blue and silver trim. The road uniforms featured the city name in a similar letter style as the logo, with graphite letters and numerals trimmed in light blue and silver. In 2008, however, amid complaints of illegibility, the Blue Jays tweaked their road uniforms to include 3D-style block letters and numerals in light blue trimmed in black and white, along with chest numerals. The "J-bird" alternate was added to the left sleeve. A red maple leaf would be added on the right sleeve starting in 2009. The Blue Jays wore all-black caps with the "J-bird" logo for much of the uniforms' existence, save for the 2004 and 2005 seasons when they wore all-graphite caps at home, and in 2007 when an alternate all-black cap with the "T" from the previous road uniform was used.[46][47]
Since 2012: Return to traditional look
Prior to the 2012 season, the Blue Jays unveiled new uniforms and a new logo. The logo is a modernized version of the original logo used from 1977 to 1996. The bird's head was also made sleeker than its 1977–1996 predecessor. The uniforms are similar to the ones used from 1989 to 1996, the team's most successful era. New serifed split letters were also released.[48][49] In 2015, the Blue Jays began wearing a modernized version of the white-panelled blue caps they originally wore from 1977 to 1993 as an alternate.[50]
Before the 2020 season, the Blue Jays unveiled a modernized version of the powder blue uniforms, featuring navy/white/navy serifed split letters and numerals. These uniforms are paired with a powder-brimmed navy cap and an all-navy helmet.[51]
Canada Day uniforms
Since 1996, the Blue Jays wore predominantly red or red-accented uniforms every July 1, Canada Day. The uniforms were based on the team's alternate uniforms they wore at the time but with red as the primary colour. On a few occasions, the Blue Jays added red trim to an existing white uniform (or, in the case of the 2006 uniforms, their black alternates) and sometimes added the flag of Canada or a red maple leaf on the uniform.[52]
City Connect uniform
In 2024, the Blue Jays unveiled a City Connect uniform inspired by Toronto's nightlife. The jersey is nicknamed "Night Mode" and is a "pitch blue" (dark blue) uniform that features an illustration of the Toronto skyline in royal blue, centred by the "Toronto" wordmark in red. The "pitch blue" colour is a reference to Lake Ontario's reflection at night. The traditional Blue Jays logo patch on the sleeve is recoloured to match the uniform. The cap is also "pitch blue" and features a red maple leaf at the centre of a stylized red and blue "T" in split letters.[53]
The Montreal Expos were the Blue Jays' geographic National League rival, being the other Canadian MLB team before it was relocated. From 1978 to 1986, the teams played an annual mid-season exhibition game known as the Pearson Cup, named after former Prime MinisterLester B. Pearson. The teams began facing each other in the regular season in 1997 with the advent of interleague play. During the 2003 and 2004 seasons, the Expos' last two seasons before relocating to Washington, D.C., as the Nationals, the Pearson Cup was awarded after a pair of three-game sets.
Detroit Tigers
The Detroit Tigers are the Blue Jays' geographic and traditional rival, dating back to the 1980s, when the teams were AL East contenders. The Tigers moved to the AL Central in 1998, and the rivalry has died down as a result, with the teams facing each other only six to seven times per year since 2011.[54] Depending on traffic and border delays, Detroit is about a four-hour drive from Toronto. According to The Detroit News, a July 2017 three-game series at Comerica Park against the Blue Jays drew a season-best-to-date total attendance of 115,088.[55]
Seattle Mariners
Although the Seattle Mariners are not a divisional rival, many Blue Jays fans from Western Canada travel to Seattle when the Blue Jays play there as Seattle is geographically closer to Western Canada than Toronto is. Depending on traffic and border delays, Seattle is about a three-hour drive from Vancouver. The Seattle Times estimated that Blue Jays fans represented around 70 percent of the crowd in Safeco Field for a June 2017 weekend series.[56]
The Blue Jays' former radio play-by-play announcer, Tom Cheek, called every Toronto Blue Jays game from the team's inaugural contest on April 7, 1977, until June 3, 2004, when he took two games off following the death of his father—a streak of 4,306 consecutive regular-season games and 41 postseason games. Cheek later died on October 9, 2005, and the team commemorated him during their 2006 season by wearing a circular patch on the left sleeve of their home and road game jerseys. The patch was adorned with the letters 'TC', Cheek's initials, as well as a stylized microphone. Cheek is also honoured with a place in the Blue Jays' "Level of Excellence" in the upper level of the Rogers Centre; the number 4,306 is depicted beside his name. In 2008, Cheek received the third most votes from fans to be nominated for the Ford C. Frick Award for broadcasting excellence. Cheek finally received the Frick Award posthumously in 2013 after nine years on the ballot.[57]
Radio broadcasts of Blue Jays games originate from Sportsnet 590 CJCL in Toronto, which, like the Blue Jays, is owned by Rogers Communications. After Cheek's retirement in 2005, Jerry Howarth, who had been Cheek's broadcasting partner since 1982, took over as lead play-by-play announcer, with Mike Wilner as the secondary play-by-play announcer. During the 2007 to 2012 seasons, former Blue Jays catcher Alan Ashby was the colour commentator. Former Blue Jays pitcher Jack Morris served as the colour commentator during the 2013 season, after which he was replaced by former Montreal Expos catcher Joe Siddall since the 2014 season.
Former Blue Jays pitcher Dirk Hayhurst filled in for Morris for some games during the 2013 season.
Another former catcher for the Blue Jays, Gregg Zaun, has served as the occasional colour commentator from the 2011 season until the end of the 2017 season when he was terminated amid accusations of improper conduct from several female employees.[58]
Following Howarth's retirement in the 2017 season, Ben Wagner was hired as the primary radio play-by-play announcer, splitting said duties with Dan Shulman and Mike Wilner.
In November 2020, Mike Wilner was laid off by the team.[59] In February 2021, it was announced that "in an effort to minimize travel and closely adhere to team, league, and government protocols related to the pandemic", all radio broadcasts for the 2021 season will be a simulcast of the television broadcast. Wagner will assume an alternative role.[60][61] However, once the Blue Jays returned to Rogers Centre in late July 2021, dedicated radio broadcasts resumed.
The Blue Jays have the largest geographical home market in all of baseball, encompassing all of Canada. Despite this, the number of radio stations that broadcast games is actually quite small. Only 18 radio stations across the country aired at least some Blue Jays games during the 2021 season,[62] which is fewer affiliates than most MLB teams, which have more stations covering smaller geographic areas.
Television
All Blue Jays games are carried nationally on Sportsnet (which, like the Blue Jays, is owned by Rogers Communications). As of 2023, Dan Shulman serves as the lead play-by-play announcer, with Buck Martinez as the primary colour commentator; on select series, Toronto Raptors play-by-play announcer Matt Devlin calls the game in place of Shulman, and Joe Siddall works colour commentary in place of Martinez.[63] Prior to that, Martinez had been the primary play-by-play announcer alongside colour commentator Pat Tabler, with Shulman only calling games sporadically since 2016. In previous years, the colour analyst role rotated between Pat Tabler, Rance Mulliniks, Darrin Fletcher, and from 2011 to 2017, Gregg Zaun. Sportsnet became the team's primary carrier soon after it launched in the late 1990s and became the team's exclusive broadcaster in 2010.[64] As of August 2010, Sportsnet One also broadcasts Blue Jays games (often in case of scheduling conflicts with the main Sportsnet channels). Rogers was, however, criticized by fans and critics due to Sportsnet One only being carried by Rogers Cable systems on launch.[65]
Sportsnet's broadcasts of the 2015 American League Division Series involving the Blue Jays were among the highest-rated telecasts in network history, with Game 4 drawing an audience of 4.38 million viewers.[66]
In September 2012, AMI-tv simulcast three Blue Jays games with described video provided by CJCL correspondent Sam Cosentino, which included explanations of on-screen graphics. Paul Beeston praised AMI's involvement, stating that "to our knowledge, we are the first sports organization to have our games provided through this revolutionary approach to accommodating the needs of the blind and low-vision community."[67]
On June 27, 2013, Rogers' over-the-air Toronto multicultural Omni Television station CJMT-DT simulcast a Blue Jays game, scheduled to be started by Taiwanese player Chien-Ming Wang, with commentary in Mandarin, marking the first ever Canadian MLB broadcast in the language.[68][69] In June 2018, Omni announced that it would air Sunday afternoon games in Tagalog, the most spoken language of the Philippines, through the remainder of the season.[70][71] Sportsnet and Omni announced a regular season of Sunday broadcasts in Tagalog for the 2019 season.[72]
TVA Sports has aired games in French since 2011, with Denis Casavant and François Paquet on play-by-play and Rodger Brulotte on colour. The channel currently has rights to 81 Blue Jay games per season in a three-year deal signed in 2023.[73]Jacques Doucet, former Montreal Expos radio announcer, broadcast the Blue Jays on TVA Sports from 2011 until his retirement in 2022.[74][75]
The Sports Network (TSN), which (like the Jays) was owned by Labatt from 1984 to 1995, served as the primary cable television outlet for the Blue Jays prior to the launch of Sportsnet. TSN (and later, its sister channel TSN2) continued to carry approximately ten Jays games through the 2009 season until May 2010; most recently, Rod Black handled play-by-play while Tabler served as colour commentator on these telecasts. CBC has carried Blue Jays games intermittently throughout the team's history, most recently in 2007 and 2008; those broadcasts featured Jim Hughson as the play-by-play announcer, and former Blue Jays Rance Mulliniks and Jesse Barfield on colour commentary.[76] Games also aired on CTV (except in Montreal) from the team's inception until the late 1990s. The Blue Jays have not appeared over-the-air in Canada in English since 2008.
In 2008, Rogers Communications, owner of the Jays, was granted a license by the Canadian Radio-Television Commission (CRTC) for a "Baseball TV" specialty channel.[77] The channel would have been dedicated to coverage of baseball, combining content from the United States–based MLB Network with original Canadian content.[78] However, the channel was never launched, and Rogers sponsored an application to allow distribution of the U.S. MLB Network on Canadian providers instead.[79][80]
Due to the structure of Rogers' MLB broadcast contracts, Sportsnet is not permitted to use its domestic production for Blue Jays games if the team is in postseason play (as it is technically still considered a regional broadcaster) and instead carries the U.S. broadcast (such as Fox in 2015, and TBS in 2016). This is in contrast to the NBA's Toronto Raptors (via TSN and Sportsnet), as well as the NHL and MLS's Canadian-based teams (via Hockey Night in Canada on CBC and Sportsnet, and TSN respectively) who were allowed to produce their own broadcasts during postseason games. Buck Martinez has served as a colour commentator for post-season coverage ultimately simulcast by Sportsnet, however, having formerly worked Division Series games for TBS and on the MLB International broadcast of the 2016 World Series.[81] In 2022, however, MLB allowed Sportsnet to carry its own production of Blue Jays postseason games as it is technically a national broadcaster.[82]
Only one Blue Jays pitcher has thrown a no-hitter in franchise history. It was accomplished by Dave Stieb on September 2, 1990, after losing three no-hit bids with two outs in the ninth inning.[86]
No perfect games, a special subcategory of no-hitter, has been thrown in Blue Jays history. The franchise came closest on August 4, 1989, when Stieb gave up a double to Yankees' batter Roberto Kelly with two outs in the ninth, who then scored by the next batter.[87]
Eleven former Blue Jays, one former manager, and one former general manager have been elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame. Second baseman Roberto Alomar, elected to the Hall of Fame in 2011, is the first player to be inducted based primarily on service as a player for the Blue Jays.
Toronto Blue Jays Hall of Famers
Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
Players and managers listed in bold are depicted on their Hall of Fame plaques wearing a Blue Jays cap insignia.
† – Pat Gillick was elected as an Executive/Pioneer; accordingly, he is not depicted on his plaque wearing a cap. The Hall of Fame recognizes the Blue Jays as his primary team.[90]
‡ – Roy Halladay's plaque does not depict him with a cap insignia;[91] however, the Hall of Fame recognizes the Blue Jays as his primary team.[92]
Bobby Doerr, a second baseman with the Boston Red Sox, served as a hitting coach with the Blue Jays early in their history, 1977–1981, and was the first person associated with the franchise to be elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame, in 1986.
Early Wynn, the Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher (1972) and career 300-game winner, was a radio broadcaster for the Blue Jays with Tom Cheek during their first few years, 1977–1981.
Soon after becoming the first person to be inducted in the Hall of Fame as a Blue Jay, on July 31, 2011, second baseman Roberto Alomar was the first person to have his number, #12, retired by the Blue Jays.[93] However, #12 was unretired due to controversies surrounding Alomar.[94]Jordan Hicks became the first Blue Jay since 2011 to wear this number.
On March 29, 2018, the Blue Jays retired #32 in honour of Roy Halladay, who died in an airplane crash on November 7, 2017, becoming the second number to be retired by the Blue Jays.[95]
Level of Excellence
In 1996, the Blue Jays instituted a "Level of Excellence" on the 500 level of the Rogers Centre, honouring "tremendous individual achievement."
Players' uniform numbers were listed—and in Tom Cheek's case, the number of consecutive games he called for the Blue Jays[96]—until the 2013 All-Star Break, even though, with the exception of Roberto Alomar and Roy Halladay these numbers have not been retired. During the 2013 All-Star Break, the Level of Excellence was redesigned for the addition of Carlos Delgado's name. The redesign removed all uniform numbers from the Level of Excellence aside from Roberto Alomar's retired #12, Roy Halladay's retired #32 and Tom Cheek's 4306 consecutive called games streak.[97] On April 30, 2021, the Blue Jays announced that they would remove Alomar from the Level of Excellence and take down his banner at Rogers Centre after he was banned from baseball for sexual harassment.[98][99]
On March 5, 2023, the Blue Jays announced that Jose Bautista would join the Level of Excellence on August 12, 2023, in a pre-game ceremony prior to their game that day versus the Chicago Cubs.[100]
Charity and partnerships
The Jays Care Foundation is the charitable arm of the Toronto Blue Jays baseball organization and conducts events to support local organizations and community members.[101] They also provide baseball education and life skill workshops to the youth of communities across Canada.[102][103][104]
Baldo, Anthony; Biesada, Alexandra; Hackney, Holt; Ozanian, Michael K; Taub, Stephen (July 9, 1991). "Secrets of the front office: What America's pro teams are worth". Financial World: 28.
Ozanian, Michael K; Taub, Stephen; Morris, Kathleen; Fink, Ronald (July 7, 1992). "Big leagues, bad business". Financial World: 34.
Ozanian, Michael K; Fink, Ronald; Kimelman, John; Reingold, Jennifer; Osterland, Andrew; Starr, Jason; Grabarek, Brooke (May 10, 1994). "The $11 billion pastime: Why sports franchise values are soaring even as team profits fall". Financial World: 50.
Ozanian, Michael K; Atre, Tushar; Fink, Ronald; Reingold, Jennifer (May 9, 1995). "Suite deals: Why new stadiums are shaking up the pecking order of sports franchises". Financial World: 42.
Atre, Tushar; Auns, Kristine; Badenhausen, Kurt; McAuliffe, Kevin (May 20, 1996). "The high-stakes game of team ownership". Financial World: 49.
Badenhausen, Kurt; Nikolov, Christopher (June 17, 1997). "More than a game: An in-depth look at the raging bull market in sports franchises". Financial World: 40.
^"Jays Report – The Night in Vancouver". Toronto Star. April 2, 1994.
^"Vancouver tries for small piece of baseball pie Major-league franchise out of reach despite attendance at weekend event". The Globe and Mail. April 4, 1994.
^Little, Lyndon (April 4, 1994). "Gaston uneasy over injuries as Jays eye three-peat". Vancouver Sun.
^"Niyo: Picture still cloudy for muddled Tigers". Detroit News. Retrieved July 18, 2017. Not just with all those Blue Jays fans flocking to downtown Detroit, thousands of them among a crowd for the finale of three-game series that drew a season-best 115,088 attendance.
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Setelah bencana nuklir Fukushima, Jepang 2011, pemerintah menutup sekitar 54 pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir milik negara. Pada 2013, situs Fukushima tetap radioaktif, dengan sekitar 160.000 pengungsi yang masih tinggal di pengungsian sementara. Meskipun tidak ada yang meninggal atau diperkirakan meninggal akibat efek radiasi, pekerjaan pembersihan yang sulit akan memakan waktu lebih dari 40, dan akan menelan biaya puluhan miliar dolar.[1][2] Jalur kontaminasi radioaktif dari ud…
Pigmalion oleh Jean-Baptiste Regnault, 1786, Musée National du Château et des Trianons. Pygmalion et Galatée, 1819, Musée du Louvre (Paris) Pigmalion (bahasa Yunani: Πυγμαλίων) dalam mitologi Romawi dan Yunani adalah seorang pematung yang membuat sebuah patung wanita, dinamai Galateia, yang sangat cantik. Pigmalion jatuh cinta pada patungnya sendiri dan berdoa pada dewa Venus (Afrodit. Sang dewi mendengar doanya dan menjadikan patung itu hidup. Pigmalion dan Galateia pun hidup b…
Sven-Eric GambleLahir(1924-08-10)10 Agustus 1924Stockholm, SwediaMeninggal10 Mei 1976(1976-05-10) (umur 51)Stockholm, SwediaTahun aktif1934-1975 Sven-Eric Gamble (10 Agustus 1924 – 10 Mei 1976) adalah seorang pemeran film Swedia. Ia lahir dan meninggal di Stockholm, Swedia.[1] Filmografi pilihan Tahun Judul 1935 Ocean Breakers 1942 Tomorrow's Melody 1948 Port of Call 1949 Thirst 1950 While the City Sleeps 1953 Barabbas Referensi ^ Sven-Eric Gamble profile. Swedi…
Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Andaliman – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR (December 2014) Andaliman Zanthoxylum acanthopodium Status konservasiRisiko rendahIUCN136144639 TaksonomiDivisiTracheophytaSubdivisiSpermatophytesKla…
Neuroscience and linguistics-related studies This article is about the academic field of neurolinguistics. For the pseudoscientific psychotherapy and communications model, see Neuro-linguistic programming. Not to be confused with Cognitive linguistics. Surface of the human brain, with Brodmann areas numbered An image of neural pathways in the brain taken using diffusion tensor imaging Neurolinguistics is the study of neural mechanisms in the human brain that control the comprehension, production…
Amaia SalamancaAmaia Salamanca ai Premi Goya 2017Altezza167[1] cm Misure34-23-35[1] Taglia4[1] (US) Peso53[1] kg Scarpe7,5[1] (US) Occhiazzurri[2] Capellibiondi[2] Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Amaia Salamanca, all'anagrafe Amaia Salamanca Urízar (Madrid, 28 marzo 1986), è un'attrice e modella spagnola, nota per aver interpretato il ruolo di Catalina Marcos Ruiz in Sin tetas no hay paraíso, di Alicia Alarcón Aldeco…
Mano Menezes Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Luiz Antonio Venker de MenezesTanggal lahir 11 Juni 1962 (umur 61)Tempat lahir Passo do Sobrado, BrasilTinggi 178 m (584 ft 0 in)KepelatihanTahun Tim 1997–2002 Guarani de Venâncio Aires2002 Brasil de Pelotas2003 Guarani de Venâncio Aires2003 Iraty2003–2004 15 de Novembro2004–2005 Caxias2005–2007 Grêmio2007–2010 Corinthians2010–2012 Brasil2012 Brasil U-23 Luiz Antonio Venker de Menezes atau Mano Menezes (lahir 11 Juni 1…
Fèrebrianges Église Saint-Médard. Administration Pays France Région Grand Est Département Marne Arrondissement Épernay Intercommunalité Communauté de communes des Paysages de la Champagne Maire Mandat Xavier Duvat 2020-2026 Code postal 51270 Code commune 51247 Démographie Gentilé Prussien Populationmunicipale 145 hab. (2021 ) Densité 20 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 48° 52′ 14″ nord, 3° 50′ 46″ est Altitude Min. 145 mMax. 247&…
Lead minister of His Majesty's Treasury For the historic position in Ireland, see Chancellor of the Exchequer of Ireland. For the 1983 simulation game, see Chancellor of the Exchequer (video game). Not to be confused with Lord Chancellor, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Chancellor of the High Court, or Chief Baron of the Exchequer. United Kingdom Chancellor of the Exchequer and Second Lord of the TreasuryRoyal Arms of His Majesty's GovernmentIncumbentJeremy Huntsince 14 October 2022Hi…
Indonesian university This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: International University Liaison Indonesia – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this message) International University Liaison Indonesia (IULI)MottoThe Spirit of ScienceTypePrivate UniversityEstablished2014RectorTutun Nugraha, Ph.D.Locat…
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Legion et Légion. Cet article est une ébauche concernant une série télévisée américaine. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations du projet séries télévisées. Legion Logo original de la série. Données clés Titre original Legion Autres titresfrancophones Légion Genre Science-fictionDrameThriller psychologique Création Noah Hawley Production 26 Keys ProductionsThe Donners' CompanyBad Hat H…
МифологияРитуально-мифологическийкомплекс Система ценностей Сакральное Миф Мономиф Теория основного мифа Ритуал Обряд Праздник Жречество Мифологическое сознание Магическое мышление Низшая мифология Модель мира Цикличность Сотворение мира Мировое яйцо Мифическое вр…
Human settlement in EnglandWalberswickWalberswick in July 2012WalberswickLocation within SuffolkArea7.89 km2 (3.05 sq mi)Population380 (2011)[1]• Density48/km2 (120/sq mi)DistrictEast SuffolkShire countySuffolkRegionEastCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townSouthwoldPostcode districtIP18Dialling code01502 List of places UK England Suffolk 52°18′47″N 1°40′01″E / 52.313°N 1.667°E / 52.313;…
Petter SolbergPetter Solberg during Rally Bulgaria 2010.KebangsaanNorwegianLahir18 November 1974 (umur 49)Karier Kejuaraan Reli DuniaTahun aktif1998–presentTimFord, Subaru, Petter Solberg World Rally TeamJumlah lomba164Juara dunia1 (2003)Menang13Podium45Menang stage390Total poin641Lomba pertama1998 Swedish RallyMenang pertama2002 Rally GB Petter Hollywood Solberg (lahir 18 November 1974) adalah seorang pereli World Rally Championship (WRC) yang berasal dari Norwegia. Saat ini Solberg berg…
У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Западный округ. Западный внутригородской округ город Краснодар Дата основания 1936 год Дата упразднения 1994 Прежние имена Кагановичский, Ленинский районы Микрорайоны Дубинка, Черёмушки, Покровка Площадь 22[1] км² Насел…
Cet article est une ébauche concernant Taïwan et la linguistique. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Système de romanisation taïwanais Le système de romanisation taïwanais (en chinois traditionnel : 台灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案), aussi appelé Tâi-lô, est un système orthographique pour le taïwanais. Il est basé sur le pe̍h-ōe-jī et est officiellement recommandé par le minist…
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