USA-224, also known as NROL-49, is an American reconnaissance satellite. Launched in 2011 to replace the decade-old USA-161 satellite, it is the fifteenth KH-11 optical imaging satellite to reach orbit.
Project history and cost
After the Boeing-led Future Imagery Architecture program failed in 2005, the National Reconnaissance Office ordered two more KH-11s. Critics worried that each of these "exquisite-class"[2] satellites would cost more than the Navy's latest aircraft carrier (US$6.35 billion in 2005, or about
$9,910,000,000 today[3]).[4][5] Instead, USA-224–the first of these two–was completed by Lockheed$2 billion under the initial budget estimate and two years ahead of schedule.[6]
The satellite began operating 33 days after its predecessor, USA-161, stopped doing its primary mission. This coverage gap was much smaller than originally feared, thanks to USA-224's earlier-than-planned launch and operational changes to extend the lifetime of USA-161.[6]
As the fifteenth KH-11 satellite to be launched, USA-224 is a member of one of the later block configurations occasionally identified as being a separate system. Details of its mission and orbit are classified, but amateur observers have tracked it in low Earth orbit. Shortly after launch it was in an orbit with a perigee of 251 kilometres (156 mi), an apogee of 1,023 kilometres (636 mi) and 97.9 degrees of inclination, typical for an operational KH-11 satellite.[10] By April it was 260 by 987 kilometres (162 by 613 mi) at 97.93 degrees.[11]
Imaging of Safir launch preparation accident
The photo believed to have been taken by USA-224 tweeted by President Trump in August 2019
On 30 August 2019, President Donald Trumptweeted a classified picture[12] from an intelligence briefing showing the aftermath of an accident that apparently occurred during launch preparations of a Safir rocket at the Imam Khomeini Spaceport a day earlier.[13][14][15] According to analysts, the photo is likely to have been taken by USA-224.[16][17] The opinion is based on a close agreement between the estimated time when the photo was taken (based on the orientation of shadows cast by structures in the photo), and the location of the satellite at that same time, as estimated with tracking data maintained by the amateur satellite watching community.[18][19][20] The off-nadir photograph stands out for its high-resolution (estimated by analysts to be 10 cm or less per pixel), sharpness and lack of atmospheric distortion.[16] Before this tweet, the only KH-11 imagery available was leaked in 1984,[17] and the only declassified imagery available in public domain was released in 2011 taken by KH-9.[20]
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
