View Park–Windsor Hills, California

View Park−Windsor Hills, California
View Park−Windsor Hills, California
unincorporated community
	Location of View Park−Windsor Hills in Los Angeles County, California.
	View Park−Windsor Hills, California Location in the United States
	Coordinates: 33°59′37″N 118°20′49″W / 33.99361°N 118.34694°W
Country	United States
State	California
County	Los Angeles
Area
• Total	1.842 sq mi (4.771 km2)
• Land	1.841 sq mi (4.769 km2)
• Water	0.001 sq mi (0.002 km2) 0.04%
Population (2020)
• Total	11,419
• Density	6,200/sq mi (2,400/km2)
Time zone	UTC-8 (Pacific)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP Code	90043
Area code	323
FIPS code	06-82667

View Park−Windsor Hills is an unincorporated community in Los Angeles County, California. The View Park neighborhood is the community surrounding Angeles Vista Boulevard and the Windsor Hills neighborhood is on the southern end to the north of Slauson Avenue.

View Park−Windsor Hills is one of the wealthiest primarily African-American neighborhoods in the United States.^[2] The two neighborhoods are part of a band of neighborhoods, from Culver City's Fox Hills district on the west to the Los Angeles neighborhood of Leimert Park on the east, that comprise one of the wealthiest geographically contiguous historically black communities in the Western United States. This corridor also includes the neighborhood of Baldwin Hills and the unincorporated community of Ladera Heights. It was developed between 1923 and 1970.^[3] While the neighborhood is still predominantly African-American, the area is undergoing a demographic shift as new homeowners (mostly white or Asian families), who work in nearby Culver City, Downtown Los Angeles, Santa Monica and other job hub areas are moving into the neighborhood.^[4]

Per the 2020 census, the population of View Park-Windsor Hills was 11,419.^[5]

History

View Park

View Park was developed between 1923 and 1970 an upper-class neighborhood by the same developers as Hancock Park, the Los Angeles Investment Company.^[6] It is one of the wealthiest African-American areas in the United States. It contains a collection of houses and mansions in the Spanish Colonial Revival Style, Spanish Colonial, Mid Century and Mediterranean Revival Style architecture, most of which remain today. View Park architecture features the work of many notable architects, such as the Los Angeles Investment Company, Postle & Postle, R. F. Ruck, Paul Haynes, Leopold Fischer, H. Roy Kelley, Raphael Soriano, Charles W. Wong, Robert Earl, M.C. Drebbin, Vincent Palmer, Theodore Pletsch and Homer C. Valentine. It is also rumored that renowned African American architect Paul Williams had built several homes in View Park. The only documented Paul Williams home is located at 4351 Mount Vernon Drive.

Windsor Hills

Windsor Hills was developed in the late 1930s by Marlow-Burns Development Company. It was the first subdivision in Southern California for which the newly created Federal Housing Administration provided mortgage insurance. It also contains a collection of houses and mansions in the Spanish Colonial Revival Style, minimal traditional and Mediterranean Revival Style architecture. African-Americans were forbidden to live in either area until the Supreme Court's invalidation of racial restrictive covenants in 1948.^[7]

Geography

Climate

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.8 square miles (4.7 km²), all land. The region has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate.

Demographics

For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined View Park−Windsor Hills as a census-designated place (CDP). The census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area. As of end of 2020, View Park-Windsor hills ranks # 1 among top 10 richest black communities in US, with an average family income of $159,168.^[8]

Historical population
Census	Pop.	%±
1970	12,268	—
1980	12,101	−1.4%
1990	11,769	−2.7%
2000	10,958	−6.9%
2010	11,075	1.1%
2020	11,419	3.1%
U.S. Decennial Census^[9] 2010^[10] 2020^[11]

2020 census

**View Park-Windsor Hills CDP, California – Racial and ethnic composition**
*Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.*
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2010^[10]	Pop 2020^[11]	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	463	1,004	4.18%	8.79%
Black or African American alone (NH)	9,209	8,048	83.15%	70.48%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	18	9	0.16%	0.08%
Asian alone (NH)	143	319	1.29%	2.79%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	4	10	0.04%	0.09%
Some Other Race alone (NH)	45	87	0.41%	0.76%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH)	473	844	4.27%	7.39%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	720	1,098	6.50%	9.62%
Total	11,075	11,419	100.00%	100.00%

Arts and culture

National Register of Historic Places

On July 12, 2016, View Park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, an initiative led by View Park Conservancy^[12] in which almost 700 View Park residents donated over $100,000 to complete the historic work needed to complete the neighborhood's nomination. View Park is the largest National Register historic district in the country based on African American and county history, and the largest in California in terms of total property owners.^[13]

Library

Library services are provided by the County of Los Angeles Public Library View Park Library. The library is named for the late writer Bebe Moore Campbell, a community resident.^[14]

Landmarks

Ray Charles Residence at 4863 Southridge Avenue. The home was built in 1965.
The Googie-style Wich Stand now known as Simply Wholesome is located at Slauson Avenue and Overhill Avenue.
The Doumakes House. The first historic landmark in unincorporated LA County at Angeles Vista Blvd and West Blvd.

Parks and recreation

View Park-Windsor Hills has a main park called Rueben Ingold Park. The park opened on August 17, 1971, and is adjacent to Kenneth Hahn State Recreation Area with the newly Stocker Trail Corridor pathway to connect the two. Residents also use the Valley Ridge Avenue hill for exercising.

Government

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services SPA 6 South Area Health Office Ruth-Temple Health Center in Los Angeles,^[15] serves View Park-Windsor Hills.^[16]

In the state legislature View Park−Windsor Hills is located in the 28th Senate District, represented by Democrat Lola Smallwood-Cuevas, and in the 55th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Isaac Bryan. Federally, View Park−Windsor Hills is located in California's 37th congressional district, which is represented by Democrat Sydney Kamlager-Dove.

Education

Schools

The CDP community is within the Los Angeles Unified School District. A portion is also within the Inglewood Unified School District.^[17]

Several elementary schools serve the LAUSD portion of community are as follows:

54th Street Elementary School (K-5) (View Park)^[18]
Cowan Elementary School (1–5)^{[citation needed]}
Windsor Math/Science/Aerospace Magnet, 5215 Overdale Drive. (K-5, zoned only for Kindergarten) (Windsor Hills)^[19]

All areas in LAUSD are zoned to:^{[citation needed]}

Some areas are jointly zoned to Audubon Middle School and Daniel Webster Middle School [1]. Some areas are jointly zoned to Audubon Middle School, Orville Wright Middle School, and Palms Middle School. Some areas are jointly zoned to Crenshaw High School and Westchester High School. View Park Preparatory High School also serves as the center school for the View Park neighborhood. The school is an urban preparatory school partnered with LAUSD.^{[citation needed]}

Infrastructure

Police services

Criminal Law Enforcement Services including patrol are provided by the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department out of the Marina Del Ray station with a substation in the Ladera shopping center. Deputy Sheriffs also perform traffic enforcement and are often first on scene to vehicle accidents and Fire/EMS calls.

As an unincorporated area, Traffic Law Enforcement Services are provided by the California Highway Patrol (CHP) out of the West LA Area Office in Culver City.

The Los Angeles Unified School District Police has jurisdiction on the areas LAUSD elementary school campuses.

Fire/EMS services

Fire and EMS services are provided by the Los Angeles County Fire Department Station 58 (Engine and Medic unit) and Station 38 (Engine).

Surrounding Agencies

The Los Angeles City Fire Department and Culver City Fire Department border this area. The Los Angeles, Inglewood, Inglewood School District, and Culver City Police Departments border this area.