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Alberto II da Áustria

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Alberto II
Alberto II da Áustria
Duque da Áustria
Predecessor Frederico o Fiel
Sucessor Rodolfo IV da Áustria
 
Nascimento 12 de dezembro de 1298
  Castelo de Hamburgo, Ducado da Suábia
Morte 16 de agosto de 1358 (59 anos)
  Viena, Ducado da Áustria
Esposa Joana de Pfirt
Casa Casa de Habsburgo
Pai Alberto I
Mãe Isabel de Gorizia-Tirol
Representação de Alberto II num vitral

Alberto II da Áustria (12 de dezembro de 129816 de agosto de 1358), cognominado o Sábio, foi duque da Áustria.

Vida

Alberto II nasceu em Habsburgo, filho de Alberto I da Germânia, Rex Romanorum, e de Isabel de Gorizia-Tirol.

Ele tornou-se no governante de todas as terras da Casa de Habsburgo, conjuntamente com o seu irmão mias novo, Otão, o Feliz em 1330. Entretanto, Alberto conseguiu aumentar ainda mais o território dos Habsburgo com a herança do território pertencente à esposa Joana, composta pelo Condado de Pfirt e algumas cidades.

Além disso, Alberto teve sucesso na sua aclamação como duque da Caríntia e Carniola, derrotando o seu rival, João I da Boémia. Reflectindo a sua reputação, o papa Bento XII, em 1335, pediu-lhe para intervir no conflito entre a Igreja e o sacro-imperador Luís IV. Dois anos depois, o rei Filipe VI de França pediu-lhe ajuda contra o Imperador Luís e o rei Eduardo III de Inglaterra. Porém, Alberto manteve-se fiel ao Imperador até à morte dele.

Ele estabeleceu a "lei de sucessão albertiniana" (Albertinische Hausordnung) para determinar as leis de sucessão nas terras austríacas. Esta lei foi desvalorizada até ao século XV, quando foi renovada pelo imperador Maximiliano I. Adoptada como parte da Pragmática Sanção, esta lei manteve-se, efectivamente, como uma das leis básicas da Áustria até 1918.

Alberto começou a construção do coro gótico na Catedral de Santo Estêvão, em Viena, conhecido como o Coro Albertiniano. Foi especulado que Alberto teve uma paralisia temporária (explicando outro cognome atribuído: "Alberto o Coxo") causado porartrite reumatoide.

Alberto faleceu em Viena em 1358 e foi sepultado num mosteiro que ele próprio fundou, Kartause Gaming na Baixa Áustria.

Casamento e descendência

Alberto casou-se, a 15 de fevereiro de 1324, com a condessa Joana de Pfirt, filha do conde Ulrique III de Pfirt, e tiveram a seguinte descendência:

  1. Rodolfo IV da Áustria (1 de novembro de 1339, Viena – 27 de julho de 1365, Milão).
  2. Frederico III da Áustria (1347, Viena – 1362, Viena). Não casou e faleceu sem descendência.
  3. Alberto III da Áustria (9 de setembro de 1349, Viena – 29 de agosto de 1395, Laxemburgo).
  4. Leopoldo III (1 de novembro de 1351, Viena – 9 de julho de 1386, Sempach).
  5. Catarina (1342, Viena – 10 de janeiro de 1381, Viena), Abadessa em Viena.
  6. Margarida (1346, Viena – 14 de janeiro de 1366, Brno), casou-se com:
    1. Meinardo III de Gorizia-Tyrol, em Passau, a 4 de setembro de 1359;
    2. João Henrique da Morávia, em Viena, 1364.
O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Alberto II da Áustria
Precedido por:
Leopoldo I
Duque da Áustria
com Otão III 1330–1339
Frederico II e Leopoldo II 1339-1344

1330–1358
Sucedido por:
Frederico III da Áustria e Rodolfo IV (seus sucessores)
Precedido por:
Henrique VI
Duque da Caríntia
com Otão III 1335-1339

1335–1358
Sucedido por:
Rodolfo IV

Bibliografia

  • Franz Kurz: Österreich unter Herzog Albrecht dem Lahmen ("Austria under Duke Albert the Lame"), Haslinger, Linz 1819.

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