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Хазара

Хазара
Самоназвание âzoragî / âzaragî
Страны  Афганистан,  Иран,  Пакистан
Общее число говорящих 3 660 000 (SIL, 2017), в том числе 3 120 000 в Афганистане
Классификация
Категория Языки Евразии

Индоевропейская семья

Индоиранская ветвь
Иранская группа
Юго-западная подгруппа
Письменность арабское письмо
Языковые коды
ISO 639-1
ISO 639-2
ISO 639-3 haz
Ethnologue haz
ABS ASCL 4107
IETF haz
Glottolog haza1239

Хазара (хазараги, хазарийский диалект языка дари; перс. هزارگی‎) — иранский язык (по другим данным наречие языка дари). Распространён в области Хазараджат Афганистана. Носители хазара, хазарейцы, являются потомками одного из подразделений войск Чингисхана.

Общая численность говорящих — 3 660 000 человек (2017).

Важнейшая отличительная черта, объединяющая диалекты хазарейского языка — наличие в их словаре значительного монгольского (или монголо-тюркского) субстрата. Значительное число слов монгольского происхождения отсутствует в современных диалектах хазарейцев Афганистана, где они имеют либо тюркские, либо таджикские эквиваленты[1].

Письменность на арабской графической основе[2]:

ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ ح خ د ڈ
ذ ر ز ژ س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ
ف ق ک گ ل م ن و ھ ی ◌َ ◌ِ
◌ُ ے

Примечания

  1. Ефимов В. А. Хазара язык // Языки мира. Иранские языки. I. Юго-западные иранские языки / Расторгуева В. С. — М.: Индрик, 1997. — С. 174.
  2. Literacy Book in Hazaragi. — Hazaragi Literacy & Culture Organization, 2014. Архивировано 2 апреля 2023 года.

Литература

  • Ефимов В. А. Язык афганских хазара: Якаулангский диалект. — М.: «Наука», 1965. — 96 с.

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